For junior Cycle irish history

1. Plantations
To replace the disloyal native Irish with
loyal British subjects

2. Background to plantation
 1500 English only rule a small close to the north
and south Dublin called the pale.
 Celts still followed the Brehon law.
 Anglo Normans had become independent of the
crown were more Irish than the Irish themselves
use both the common and Brehon law.
Fitzgerald's of Kildare, Butlers of Ormond
(Kilkenny), Fitzgerald's of Desmond (Munster).
 Natives O’Neills of Tyrone, O’Donnells of
Donegal, MacCarthys of Cork

3.  Crown to control the Fitzgerald's put the Earl of
Kildare in jail led to rebellion of his son silken
Thomas Henry VIII defeats the Fitzgerald's.
 Cost allot of money

4. Henry VIII Surrender & Regrant

5. Surrender and Regrant
 Surrender(give) their land to the king.
 Land given back regranted by the king with a
British title.
 Had to use English laws language and customs
(clothes).
 Build towns

6. Native Irish by John Derrick

7. Native Irish

9. Plantation why and how
 Take the land off rebellious lords or native and
give it to English settlers they could trust.
 Replace the native Irish with British would the
best way to spread the use of English language
and customs in Ireland.
 Wouldn't have to send so many soldiers because
the planters would defend their land

10. Mary And Philip of Spain

11. Plantation in order
1. Lois Offaly or Queen and kings county. Mary
Tudor and Philip of Spain.
2. Bring in English law and protect the Pale control
the native Irish.
3. Sheriff control each county
4. Marlborough and Philiptown towns.
5. Two thirds of land for planters remaining one
third near Shannon for Native Irish.
6. Estates of 300 acres in size

12. Not enough planters, no planters came from England
so the land had to be given to Gaelic planters and
this land was attacked by the O’Mores & O'Connor's

13. Munster Plantation Elizabeth I

14.  Desmond rebellion in Munster defeated leader
James Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald killed all land taken
(confiscated)

15. James Fitzmaurice Fitzgerald

16. Plan of plantation
 Surveyed & Mapped the land
 Get the younger sons of nobles from southern
England to settle.
 Plantations to become centres of English
civilisation.
 Planters to resist Spanish invasion (England at
war with Spain

17. Munster plantation failed
 Not enough English people came,
 These planters called undertakers could not
attract English tenants and had to rent to Anglo
Irish and Gaelic Irish.
 Old owners attacked the new settlers and
eventually drove them from the land into towns or
back to England during the Nine years war.

18. Changes
 After end of war settlers sold their land to new
planters like Richard Boyle who stayed and
became rich.
 New towns were built like Bandon & Mallow
became centres of English law & Culture.
 New breeds of cattle and new farming methods
used. English plough used and Tillage became
important.
 Trade build up.

19. Richard Boyle first earl of cork

20. James I of England Ulster plantation

21. Ulster Plantation
 Ulster chiefs lead by Hugh O'Neill rebel against
Elizabeth had help from Spain but defeated at the
battle of Kinsale
 Two years later in 1607 he flees to Europe. This is
called the flight of the earls.
 Their land is confiscated Derry, Donegal, Cavan,
Tyrone, Fermanagh, Armagh.
 Plantation to create loyal protestant population and to
pay soldiers.
 Planters made up of Undertakers = English and
Scottish Planters, servitors (English soldiers and loyal
Irish.
 London merchants financed the plantation of Derry
renamed it Londonderry.
 Had to build defences

22. Success?
 English influence in Ulster increased i.e. farming.
Town building.
 Loyal population created.
 Protestant religion spread.
 Eventually leads to a struggle between the native
population and the planters that continues from
generation to generation and leads to the troubles
in the 1960’s