Modernization Theory posited that societies progress through predictable and universal stages of development from traditional to modern. It was influenced by evolutionary and functionalist theories. Relatively modernized societies are characterized by specialization, rational cultural norms, and emphasis on markets, while relatively non-modern societies emphasize tradition, particularism, and self-sufficiency. Late industrializers have advantages like learning from others but also challenges converting resources and disappointing expectations. Theories assumed modernization was systematic, transformative, phased, and brought countries closer to Western models through diffusion, but critics argue it ignored foreign influence and need for indigenous values.

1. Modernization Theory Dr. Christopher S. Rice

2. Rise of the United States as a Superpower

3. Spread of a (perceived) united world Communist movement

4. Disintegration of the European colonial empires

5. Evolutionary Theory

7. Functionalist Theory

10. Homeostatic Equilibrium

11. Criticism of Parsons

13. Marion Levy Relatively Modernized Societies

14. How is Modernization defined?

15. Why does Modernization occur?

18. What if you come late to the party?

21. How do you get the necessary capital for “Takeoff”? confiscatory and taxation devices PI from banks, capital markets, government bonds, & the stock market PI through foreign trade PI through direct foreign capital investment

22. Theoretical Assumptions of Modernization Theory

25. Policy Implications

26. 4 Criticisms of Modernization Theory

27. Unidirectional Development

28. Need to Eliminate Traditional Values

29. Ideological Critique

30. “ These epistemological sins led to the theoretical errors of belief in incremental and continuous development, the possibility of orderly and stable change, the diffusion of development from the West to the Third World, and the decline of revolutionary ideology and the spread of pragmatic and scientific thinking.” Sydney Almond

32. Neglect of the Issue of Foreign Domination