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Cloud Foundry
Introduction
Introduction
1. Cloud Foundry is an open source cloud
computing platform as a service (PaaS) [1].
2. Developed by VMware [1].
3. Apache License 2.0 [1].
4. The industry’s first open platform as a
service [2]
5. Derek Collison and Mark Lucovsky - Two of
the Super Coders Behind Cloud Foundry when
it was initially started in April 2011 [3].
The Magic Triangle
It’s all about CHOICE! [4]
Why Cloud Foundry?
● Developers Agility - No one between you and your
  application [5]
● Optimized Software Delivery - Portability without
  changes – Dev/Test/Production, Private/Public clouds
  [5]
Why Cloud Foundry?
● Open System - The freedom to choose [5]
  ○ Choice of clouds for deployment, across public,
    private and hybrid clouds
    ■ CloudFoundry.com – VMware's operated Cloud
        Service
    ■ Micro Cloud Foundry™
  ○ Choice of industry standard frameworks. Spring for
    Java, Scala etc.
  ○ Choice of application services. RabbitMQ, MySQL,
    MongoDB etc
  ○ Extensible architecture
  ○ A Community open-source project
Choice of Developer Frameworks
(The Top of the Triangle)
Cloud Foundry supports the following
application development frameworks [6]:


1. Spring/Java
2. Ruby on Rails
3. Ruby and Sinatra
4. Node.js
5. Grails
Frameworks
● The support includes a runtime environment
  that enables your applications to execute on
  Cloud Foundry
● Deployment tools (vmc and STS) detect the
  framework and automate configuration and
  deployment to Cloud Foundry
● Can bind with services, such as database
Choice of Application Services (The
Left Side of the Triangle)
Cloud Foundry services [7]:
1. MySQL, the open source relational database.
2. vFabric Postgres, relational database based on
PostgreSQL.
3. MongoDB, the scalable, open, document-based
database.
4. Redis, the open key-value data structure server.
5. RabbitMQ, for reliable, scalable, and portable
messaging.
Services
● To access Cloud Foundry services from your
  application, you first create a service, and
  then bind it to your application [7].
● When your application runs on Cloud
  Foundry, the environment contains a
  VCAP_SERVICES variable that has
  information about all the services bound to
  the application. The content of this variable
  is a JSON document [7].
Eg: VCAP_SERVICES variable
(JSON)
{ "mysql-5.1" : [ { "credentials" : { "host" : "172.30.48.28",
      "hostname" : "172.30.48.28",
      "name" : "dd6c83789383c421287bdb25b63eca1a6",
      "password" : "pYS3fjgQTmO7I",
      "port" : 3306,
      "user" : "uTdRF0y1H2R9r",
      "username" : "uTdRF0y1H2R9r"
      },
      "label" : "mysql-5.1",
      "name" : "mysql-service",
      "plan" : "free",
      "tags" : [ "relational",
      "mysql-5.1",
      "mysql"
      ]
      }]}
Choice of Clouds (The Right Side of
the Triangle)
● Public, Private, VMware based and non-
  VMware based it up to the developer and
  organization as to where they want to run
  Cloud Foundry [4].
● Cloud Foundry can run on top of vSphere
  and vCloud Infrastructure [4].
CloudFoundry.com – VMware's
operated Cloud Service
https://api.cloudfoundry.com
Micro Cloud Foundry
● Micro Cloud Foundry™ - now you can run a
  complete instance of Cloud Foundry on your
  own computer [8].
● It is a full instance of Cloud Foundry that
  provides the flexibility of local development
  while preserving your options for future
  deployment and scaling of your applications
  [9].
Micro Cloud Foundry
Just 3 steps [8]:
1. Install - VMware Player (free)
2. Login using CloudFoundry.com credentials
3. Download Micro Cloud Foundry virtual
machine image (It's about 1.4GB)

prompt$ du -h micro-v119-20121113.000224.zip
1.4G micro-v119-20121113.000224.zip
Micro Cloud Foundry VM
Micro Cloud Foundry Configuration
● When you first start the VM, it will prompt to configure
  the Micro Cloud Foundry instance.
● Set password for the ‘root’ and ‘vcap’
● The ‘root’ and ‘vcap’ users are the administrative/control
  accounts for your Micro Cloud Foundry VM [9].
● Micro Cloud Foundry networking is also configured.
● Enter DNS configuration token, which is received on the
  page where you downloaded the Micro Cloud VM. (This
  is very important to work in offline mode as we are
  relying on DNS lookup)
Micro Cloud Foundry Configuration
Micro Cloud Foundry Configuration
Can use SSH tunnel to access the Micro Cloud
Foundry VM [10]
Working Offline With Micro Cloud
Foundry
● Virtual Machine Settings -> Network Adapter
  -> make sure that NAT is selected.
● Select option 6 to toggle to offline mode.
● Configure host computer to route DNS
  requests to the Micro Cloud Foundry VM.
   ○ For DHCP:
edit the file /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf and add
this line:
prepend domain-name-servers <IP_VM>
Cloud Foundry tools
● Command-Line Interface (vmc)
● Eclipse Plugin
● Apache Maven
Command-Line Interface (vmc)
Cloud Foundry command-line interface can be
used to execute all the Cloud Foundry
operations, such as configuring your
applications and deploying them to Cloud
Foundry [11].

Prerequisite: Ruby and RubyGems
prompt$ sudo gem install vmc
vmc target
Execute the vmc target command to specify the
Cloud Foundry target to which you will deploy
your applications [11].

1. To deploy on the PaaS Cloud Foundry,
specify https://api.cloudfoundry.com
2. To deploy on your local Micro Cloud
Foundry, specify http://api.<appname>.
cloudfoundry.me, where appname is the
domain you registered for your application at
the Micro Cloud Foundry Web site.
VMC Basic Commands
The following command targets the PaaS
Cloud Foundry [11]:
prompt$ vmc target https://api.cloudfoundry.
com

To determine your current target:
prompt$ vmc target

Login:
prompt$ vmc login
VMC Basic Commands
Ensure you have successfully logged in:
prompt$ vmc info

Change password:
prompt$ vmc passwd

View the full list of VMC commands:
prompt$ vmc help
Logging into Micro Cloud Foundry
First register a user:
prompt$ vmc register

Then login:
prompt$ vmc login
vmc target & vmc login (Public
Cloud)
Deploying a Sample Application
A simple Java Web Application from Maven.

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=org.example -
DartifactId=maven-webapp -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-
archetype-webapp

Run “mvn package” to create war file.

Change directory to “target”

Deploy the application using the vmc push command:
prompt$ vmc push
Deploying a Sample Application
You can specify one or all of the following options to pass
deployment values; if you do not specify an option, vmc
push will interactively prompt you for it [12]:



prompt$ vmc push <appname> --path <directory> --url
<deploymentURL> --instances <instance-number> --
memory <MB> --no-start
Deploying a Sample Application
Deploying a Sample Application
Getting Information about the Cloud
Foundry Target
Display the instances of these service types
created [12]:
prompt$ vmc services
Getting Information about
Applications
Display the list of applications that are currently
deployed for your account, along with
instances, health, and associated service
instances [12]:
prompt$ vmc apps


Display the standard output log entries for an
application [12]:
prompt$ vmc logs <appname>
Debugging Problems With Your
Applications
Viewing Log Files:


Use the "vmc files" command to get a list of
available log files [13]
Does Cloud Foundry Auto Scale?
According to Collison [14], Cloud Foundry
provides all the mechanisms to allow auto-
scaling, however auto-scaling at its simplest
form is not directly builtin.

Thorsten [15] answers to this question by
saying “no, but trivially so”

RightScale [16] provides dynamic server
configuration for Cloud Foundry with their All-
In-One Cloud Foundry ServerTemplate™.
Simplified Application Deployment
With Cloud Foundry “Manifest”
● Automates application deployments [17].
● The manifests feature uses a YAML
  document, "manifest.yml" [17].

Ways to create manifest
● The manifest can be created by hand
● It can be created after a "vmc push"
Topics Not Covered
Eclipse Plugin & Debugging
Apache Maven
Support for other frameworks. eg: PHP
vmc tunnel (Accessing services)
References
[1] Wikipedia, “Cloud Foundry,” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 2012.
[Online]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_Foundry. [Accessed: 09-
Jan-2013].
[2] VMware, “Cloud Foundry — Delivering on VMware’s ‘Open PaaS’ Strategy,”
The Console Blog - VMware Blogs, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://blogs.
vmware.com/console/2011/04/cloud-foundry-delivering-on-vmwares-open-
paas-strategy.html. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013].
[3] VMware, “Two of the Super Coders Behind Cloud Foundry,” CloudFoundry.
com Blog, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://blog.cloudfoundry.
com/2011/04/12/two-of-the-super-coders-behind-cloud-foundry/. [Accessed: 09-
Jan-2013].
[4] VMware, “Explaining The Magic Triangle,” CloudFoundry.com Blog, 2011.
[Online]. Available: http://blog.cloudfoundry.com/2011/04/14/explaining-the-
magic-triangle/. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013].
References
[5] VMware, “About Cloud Foundry,” 2013. [Online]. Available: http://www.
cloudfoundry.com/about. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013].
[6] VMware, “Frameworks Overview,” Documentation, 2012. [Online]. Available:
http://docs.cloudfoundry.com/frameworks.html. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013].
[7] VMware, “Services Overview,” Documentation, 2012. [Online]. Available:
http://docs.cloudfoundry.com/services.html. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013].
[8] VMware, “Micro Cloud Foundry,” 2012. [Online]. Available: https://micro.
cloudfoundry.com/. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013].
[9] VMware, “‘We Shrunk the Cloud’ – Introducing Micro Cloud Foundry for
Developers,” CloudFoundry.com Blog, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://blog.
cloudfoundry.com/2011/08/24/we-shrunk-the-cloud-introducing-micro-cloud-
foundry-for-developers/. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013].
[10] VMware, “Working Offline with Micro Cloud Foundry,” CloudFoundry.com
Blog, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://blog.cloudfoundry.
com/2011/09/08/working-offline-with-micro-cloud-foundry/. [Accessed: 09-Jan-
2013].
References
[11] VMware, “VMC Installation,” Documentation, 2012. [Online]. Available:
http://docs.cloudfoundry.com/tools/vmc/installing-vmc.html. [Accessed: 09-Jan-
2013].
[12] VMware, “VMC Quick Reference,” Documentation, 2012. [Online].
Available: http://docs.cloudfoundry.com/tools/vmc/vmc-quick-ref.html.
[Accessed: 09-Jan-2013].
[13] VMware, “Debugging with VMC,” Documentation, 2012. [Online]. Available:
http://docs.cloudfoundry.com/tools/vmc/debugging.html. [Accessed: 09-Jan-
2013].
[14] D. Collison, “auto scaling in cloud foundry : CloudFoundry.com Support,”
2011. [Online]. Available: http://support.cloudfoundry.com/entries/20273738-
auto-scaling-in-cloud-foundry. [Accessed: 10-Jan-2013].
References
[15] Thorsten, “Cloud Foundry Architecture and Auto-Scaling,” RightScale Blog,
2011. [Online]. Available: http://blog.rightscale.com/2011/04/14/cloud-foundry-
architecture-and-auto-scaling/. [Accessed: 10-Jan-2013].
[16] RightScale, “RightScale Free Edition | RightScale Cloud Management
Platform,” 2013. [Online]. Available: https://www.rightscale.com/s/vmware-
cloud-foundry.php. [Accessed: 10-Jan-2013].
[17] VMware, “Simplified Application Deployment With Cloud Foundry
‘Manifest’,” CloudFoundry.com Blog, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://blog.
cloudfoundry.com/2012/01/10/simplified-application-deployment-with-cloud-
foundry-manifest/. [Accessed: 10-Jan-2013].

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Cloud foundry

  • 2. Introduction 1. Cloud Foundry is an open source cloud computing platform as a service (PaaS) [1]. 2. Developed by VMware [1]. 3. Apache License 2.0 [1]. 4. The industry’s first open platform as a service [2] 5. Derek Collison and Mark Lucovsky - Two of the Super Coders Behind Cloud Foundry when it was initially started in April 2011 [3].
  • 3. The Magic Triangle It’s all about CHOICE! [4]
  • 4. Why Cloud Foundry? ● Developers Agility - No one between you and your application [5] ● Optimized Software Delivery - Portability without changes – Dev/Test/Production, Private/Public clouds [5]
  • 5. Why Cloud Foundry? ● Open System - The freedom to choose [5] ○ Choice of clouds for deployment, across public, private and hybrid clouds ■ CloudFoundry.com – VMware's operated Cloud Service ■ Micro Cloud Foundry™ ○ Choice of industry standard frameworks. Spring for Java, Scala etc. ○ Choice of application services. RabbitMQ, MySQL, MongoDB etc ○ Extensible architecture ○ A Community open-source project
  • 6. Choice of Developer Frameworks (The Top of the Triangle) Cloud Foundry supports the following application development frameworks [6]: 1. Spring/Java 2. Ruby on Rails 3. Ruby and Sinatra 4. Node.js 5. Grails
  • 7. Frameworks ● The support includes a runtime environment that enables your applications to execute on Cloud Foundry ● Deployment tools (vmc and STS) detect the framework and automate configuration and deployment to Cloud Foundry ● Can bind with services, such as database
  • 8. Choice of Application Services (The Left Side of the Triangle) Cloud Foundry services [7]: 1. MySQL, the open source relational database. 2. vFabric Postgres, relational database based on PostgreSQL. 3. MongoDB, the scalable, open, document-based database. 4. Redis, the open key-value data structure server. 5. RabbitMQ, for reliable, scalable, and portable messaging.
  • 9. Services ● To access Cloud Foundry services from your application, you first create a service, and then bind it to your application [7]. ● When your application runs on Cloud Foundry, the environment contains a VCAP_SERVICES variable that has information about all the services bound to the application. The content of this variable is a JSON document [7].
  • 10. Eg: VCAP_SERVICES variable (JSON) { "mysql-5.1" : [ { "credentials" : { "host" : "172.30.48.28", "hostname" : "172.30.48.28", "name" : "dd6c83789383c421287bdb25b63eca1a6", "password" : "pYS3fjgQTmO7I", "port" : 3306, "user" : "uTdRF0y1H2R9r", "username" : "uTdRF0y1H2R9r" }, "label" : "mysql-5.1", "name" : "mysql-service", "plan" : "free", "tags" : [ "relational", "mysql-5.1", "mysql" ] }]}
  • 11. Choice of Clouds (The Right Side of the Triangle) ● Public, Private, VMware based and non- VMware based it up to the developer and organization as to where they want to run Cloud Foundry [4]. ● Cloud Foundry can run on top of vSphere and vCloud Infrastructure [4].
  • 12. CloudFoundry.com – VMware's operated Cloud Service https://api.cloudfoundry.com
  • 13. Micro Cloud Foundry ● Micro Cloud Foundry™ - now you can run a complete instance of Cloud Foundry on your own computer [8]. ● It is a full instance of Cloud Foundry that provides the flexibility of local development while preserving your options for future deployment and scaling of your applications [9].
  • 14. Micro Cloud Foundry Just 3 steps [8]: 1. Install - VMware Player (free) 2. Login using CloudFoundry.com credentials 3. Download Micro Cloud Foundry virtual machine image (It's about 1.4GB) prompt$ du -h micro-v119-20121113.000224.zip 1.4G micro-v119-20121113.000224.zip
  • 16. Micro Cloud Foundry Configuration ● When you first start the VM, it will prompt to configure the Micro Cloud Foundry instance. ● Set password for the ‘root’ and ‘vcap’ ● The ‘root’ and ‘vcap’ users are the administrative/control accounts for your Micro Cloud Foundry VM [9]. ● Micro Cloud Foundry networking is also configured. ● Enter DNS configuration token, which is received on the page where you downloaded the Micro Cloud VM. (This is very important to work in offline mode as we are relying on DNS lookup)
  • 17. Micro Cloud Foundry Configuration
  • 18. Micro Cloud Foundry Configuration Can use SSH tunnel to access the Micro Cloud Foundry VM [10]
  • 19. Working Offline With Micro Cloud Foundry ● Virtual Machine Settings -> Network Adapter -> make sure that NAT is selected. ● Select option 6 to toggle to offline mode. ● Configure host computer to route DNS requests to the Micro Cloud Foundry VM. ○ For DHCP: edit the file /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf and add this line: prepend domain-name-servers <IP_VM>
  • 20. Cloud Foundry tools ● Command-Line Interface (vmc) ● Eclipse Plugin ● Apache Maven
  • 21. Command-Line Interface (vmc) Cloud Foundry command-line interface can be used to execute all the Cloud Foundry operations, such as configuring your applications and deploying them to Cloud Foundry [11]. Prerequisite: Ruby and RubyGems prompt$ sudo gem install vmc
  • 22. vmc target Execute the vmc target command to specify the Cloud Foundry target to which you will deploy your applications [11]. 1. To deploy on the PaaS Cloud Foundry, specify https://api.cloudfoundry.com 2. To deploy on your local Micro Cloud Foundry, specify http://api.<appname>. cloudfoundry.me, where appname is the domain you registered for your application at the Micro Cloud Foundry Web site.
  • 23. VMC Basic Commands The following command targets the PaaS Cloud Foundry [11]: prompt$ vmc target https://api.cloudfoundry. com To determine your current target: prompt$ vmc target Login: prompt$ vmc login
  • 24. VMC Basic Commands Ensure you have successfully logged in: prompt$ vmc info Change password: prompt$ vmc passwd View the full list of VMC commands: prompt$ vmc help
  • 25. Logging into Micro Cloud Foundry First register a user: prompt$ vmc register Then login: prompt$ vmc login
  • 26. vmc target & vmc login (Public Cloud)
  • 27. Deploying a Sample Application A simple Java Web Application from Maven. mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=org.example - DartifactId=maven-webapp -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven- archetype-webapp Run “mvn package” to create war file. Change directory to “target” Deploy the application using the vmc push command: prompt$ vmc push
  • 28. Deploying a Sample Application You can specify one or all of the following options to pass deployment values; if you do not specify an option, vmc push will interactively prompt you for it [12]: prompt$ vmc push <appname> --path <directory> --url <deploymentURL> --instances <instance-number> -- memory <MB> --no-start
  • 29. Deploying a Sample Application
  • 30. Deploying a Sample Application
  • 31. Getting Information about the Cloud Foundry Target Display the instances of these service types created [12]: prompt$ vmc services
  • 32. Getting Information about Applications Display the list of applications that are currently deployed for your account, along with instances, health, and associated service instances [12]: prompt$ vmc apps Display the standard output log entries for an application [12]: prompt$ vmc logs <appname>
  • 33. Debugging Problems With Your Applications Viewing Log Files: Use the "vmc files" command to get a list of available log files [13]
  • 34. Does Cloud Foundry Auto Scale? According to Collison [14], Cloud Foundry provides all the mechanisms to allow auto- scaling, however auto-scaling at its simplest form is not directly builtin. Thorsten [15] answers to this question by saying “no, but trivially so” RightScale [16] provides dynamic server configuration for Cloud Foundry with their All- In-One Cloud Foundry ServerTemplate™.
  • 35. Simplified Application Deployment With Cloud Foundry “Manifest” ● Automates application deployments [17]. ● The manifests feature uses a YAML document, "manifest.yml" [17]. Ways to create manifest ● The manifest can be created by hand ● It can be created after a "vmc push"
  • 36. Topics Not Covered Eclipse Plugin & Debugging Apache Maven Support for other frameworks. eg: PHP vmc tunnel (Accessing services)
  • 37. References [1] Wikipedia, “Cloud Foundry,” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_Foundry. [Accessed: 09- Jan-2013]. [2] VMware, “Cloud Foundry — Delivering on VMware’s ‘Open PaaS’ Strategy,” The Console Blog - VMware Blogs, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://blogs. vmware.com/console/2011/04/cloud-foundry-delivering-on-vmwares-open- paas-strategy.html. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013]. [3] VMware, “Two of the Super Coders Behind Cloud Foundry,” CloudFoundry. com Blog, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://blog.cloudfoundry. com/2011/04/12/two-of-the-super-coders-behind-cloud-foundry/. [Accessed: 09- Jan-2013]. [4] VMware, “Explaining The Magic Triangle,” CloudFoundry.com Blog, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://blog.cloudfoundry.com/2011/04/14/explaining-the- magic-triangle/. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013].
  • 38. References [5] VMware, “About Cloud Foundry,” 2013. [Online]. Available: http://www. cloudfoundry.com/about. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013]. [6] VMware, “Frameworks Overview,” Documentation, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://docs.cloudfoundry.com/frameworks.html. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013]. [7] VMware, “Services Overview,” Documentation, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://docs.cloudfoundry.com/services.html. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013]. [8] VMware, “Micro Cloud Foundry,” 2012. [Online]. Available: https://micro. cloudfoundry.com/. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013]. [9] VMware, “‘We Shrunk the Cloud’ – Introducing Micro Cloud Foundry for Developers,” CloudFoundry.com Blog, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://blog. cloudfoundry.com/2011/08/24/we-shrunk-the-cloud-introducing-micro-cloud- foundry-for-developers/. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013]. [10] VMware, “Working Offline with Micro Cloud Foundry,” CloudFoundry.com Blog, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://blog.cloudfoundry. com/2011/09/08/working-offline-with-micro-cloud-foundry/. [Accessed: 09-Jan- 2013].
  • 39. References [11] VMware, “VMC Installation,” Documentation, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://docs.cloudfoundry.com/tools/vmc/installing-vmc.html. [Accessed: 09-Jan- 2013]. [12] VMware, “VMC Quick Reference,” Documentation, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://docs.cloudfoundry.com/tools/vmc/vmc-quick-ref.html. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013]. [13] VMware, “Debugging with VMC,” Documentation, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://docs.cloudfoundry.com/tools/vmc/debugging.html. [Accessed: 09-Jan- 2013]. [14] D. Collison, “auto scaling in cloud foundry : CloudFoundry.com Support,” 2011. [Online]. Available: http://support.cloudfoundry.com/entries/20273738- auto-scaling-in-cloud-foundry. [Accessed: 10-Jan-2013].
  • 40. References [15] Thorsten, “Cloud Foundry Architecture and Auto-Scaling,” RightScale Blog, 2011. [Online]. Available: http://blog.rightscale.com/2011/04/14/cloud-foundry- architecture-and-auto-scaling/. [Accessed: 10-Jan-2013]. [16] RightScale, “RightScale Free Edition | RightScale Cloud Management Platform,” 2013. [Online]. Available: https://www.rightscale.com/s/vmware- cloud-foundry.php. [Accessed: 10-Jan-2013]. [17] VMware, “Simplified Application Deployment With Cloud Foundry ‘Manifest’,” CloudFoundry.com Blog, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://blog. cloudfoundry.com/2012/01/10/simplified-application-deployment-with-cloud- foundry-manifest/. [Accessed: 10-Jan-2013].