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3 ways to run your
                         infrastructure on
                           cleaner clouds
                             LDNdevops Jan 2013


Sunday, 20 January 13
Who am I

                    • Chris Adams
                    • Working as a Product Manager at AMEE
                    • Background in devops/ruby mainly
                    • @mrchrisadams everywhere online

Sunday, 20 January 13
http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2012/09/arctic-sea-ice-extent-settles-at-record-seasonal-minimum/
Sunday, 20 January 13
How it affects you




                   See the red circle? That’s Sandy flooding your servers
                                https://twitter.com/shloky/status/262948315119886336/photo/1
Sunday, 20 January 13
How it affects Joel




                           https://twitter.com/spolsky/statuses/263288111692382208
Sunday, 20 January 13
I do ops, what can I do?



Sunday, 20 January 13
“Data centers are power-
                                                                                                     hungry, and Facebook's
                                                                                                     Oregon center in Crook
                                                                                                     County is no exception,
                                                                                                     using 28MW. While that's
                                                                                                     fairly standard, it has
                                                                                                     doubled the power use of
                                                                                                     the county...
                                                                                                     The entirety of Crook
                                                                                                     County uses just under
                                                                                                     30MW...
                                                                                                     [Data Center Knowledge
                                                                                                     via SlashDot; Image: Tom
                                                                                                     Raftery]”




                                                                Ouch.                       Jan 31, 2012 via Gizmodo

                        http://gizmodo.com/5880804/facebooks-oregon-data-center-uses-as-much-power-as-the-entire-county
Sunday, 20 January 13
arket Grow th
                                       Census 2011: M
                        DCD Industry




                         MARKET GROWTH
                                              ?
                              About the sample
                                                                                                           of 7% into 2012
                                                                                    S – projected increase
                                              operates almost 1
                                                               00,000 FACILITIE                     15% into 2012
                               » Sample size                                    jected increase of
                                          operates 7.7 MIL
                                                            LION RACKS – pro                     of 19% into 2012
                                                                                                                   (where 1 GW is
                               » Sample                                       rojected increase
                                                  es 31 G W OF ENERGY – p
                                » Sample consum                 illion homes)                                                    e.
                                              by 750,000 to 1 m                                               next 12 months (i.
                                    ower used                                                to US$35 BN in
                                                                                                                                                       59%
                                  p
                                                 m  ent about US$30
                                                                       BN – expected to rise                                                        Russia


                                » 2010-11 invest                            Rica or Lithuania)
                                                   inal GDP of Kenya, Costa
                                  equivalent to nom


                                                                                                                         16%
                                                                                                                        Benelux

                                                                                                                                                                        59%
                                                                                                                                     31%                                Russia
                                                                                                                                    Nordics
                                                                                                          25%
                                                                                                          UK
                                                      8%                                       26%
                                                     Canada                                Germany
                                                                                                                                              74%
                                                                  50%                                                                         Turkey                             44%
                                                                 Central                                                                                                         China
                                              23%                 USA
                                                                            23%                                                                          47%
                                              West                                                                                35%                           43%
                                                                            East                                                                         MENA
                                              USA                                                                                                               India
                                                                            USA                                                   Italy
                                                                                                                       9%

                                                                 11%                                                  Spain
                                                                                                                                                                                   118%
                                                                Mexico
                                                                                                                                                                                  SE Asia
                                                      19%                                                                     10%
                                                     Colombia                                                                 France



                                                                                               43%                                                                                              54%
                                                                                               Brazil
                                                                                                                                                                                              Australia




                                                                                     26%
                                                                                   Argentina



                                                                                                                                                                                            d Bank
                                                                                                                                                  P data                 from the Worl
                                                                                                                                   -2 012 with GD                                                © DatacenterDynam
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ics, London 2011.

                                                                                                        a center in   vestment 2011
                                                     lays cens             us data on dat
                                       This map over
                                          http://www.dcd-intelligence.com/Industry-Census/Data-centre-Market-Growth-2011-2012rms to meet incre
                                                                                                                              ber of fo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ased
                                                                                                               can take a num
                                                                                                                                                    mmon to
                                                                                                                                  nter sector is co
                                        Key                                                                Grow th in the data ce                     hough             IT demand:
Sunday, 20 January 13                                                                                                                 the Census, alt
                                                                            estment 2011-1
                                                                                          2
                                                                                                                    ets covered by                                                           of new facilities.
© 2006 Bruno & Lígia Rodrigues
Sunday, 20 January 13
Dirty cloud:

                        High CO2

Sunday, 20 January 13
Clean cloud:

                        Low/no Co2

Sunday, 20 January 13
How to measure it


                    •   CO2 / Kwh
                    •   CO2 / compute hour


Sunday, 20 January 13
PUE?



                    •   efficient != green


Sunday, 20 January 13
PUE?
                        Data Centre                              Supply Carbon Intensity                      PUE            IT Carbon Intensity




                          Typical                                      0.5kg CO2/kWh                          1.5            0.75kg CO2/kWh




        Good PUE mostly coal-fired power                                0.8kg CO2/kWh                          1.2            0.96kg CO2/kWh




          Poor PUE but mostly renewables                               0.2kg CO2/kWh                          3.0            0.6kg CO2/kWh




                                                            http://www.romonet.com/blog/coal-fired-clouds

                                                                           34
                             http://www.slideshare.net/TomRaftery/open-source-cloud-platforms-cloudstack-collab - slide 18
Sunday, 20 January 13
CO2 / compute hour



Sunday, 20 January 13
Electricity source
                         Emissions factor




                            Data centre                       Physical building and layout
                           Power Usage                        Occupancy level
                        Effectiveness (PUE)                   External temperature & humidity




                            Hardware
                         Standard power
                          consumption




                                  http://www.slideshare.net/francinebennett/strata-london-slide-deck-14558889
Sunday, 20 January 13
What if I did want to
                              switch?



Sunday, 20 January 13
•   switch region
                    • switch supplier
                    • offset


Sunday, 20 January 13
Dashboard




                         http://,mastodonc.com/dashboard
Sunday, 20 January 13
Switch region

                   • If AWS, switch from us-east (coal) to us-
                        west (hydro).
                        Same toys, same price, 66% CO2 saving
                   • If on Rackspace, a switch to London gives
                        certified green power




Sunday, 20 January 13
Switch supplier

                    • How well are you already doing?
                    • Do you need API compatibiilty?
                    • Are you really scaling up and down that
                        much?




Sunday, 20 January 13
Kg CO2e per KWh of national grid electricity

             1.00



             0.75



             0.50



             0.25



                    0
                                                            Sweden


                                                                           UK




                                                                                                           China
                                            Switzerland




                                                                                           US (average)




                                                                                                                     Australia
                        Iceland




                                                                                                                   Source: Defra via Amee
                                  http://www.slideshare.net/francinebennett/strata-london-slide-deck-14558889
Sunday, 20 January 13
• EC2 compatible providers - Greenqloud




                 RARR MY INFRA RUNS ON
                        MAGMA  cc michi_s - http://www.flickr.com/photos/32864130@N08/4542203306/
Sunday, 20 January 13
greenqloud




                        http://greenqloud.com/trulygreen/
Sunday, 20 January 13
Other providers

                    • France - Full of nukes (low CO2/kwH)
                    • Germany - full of solar
                    • Swiss - Full of extremely organised and
                        punctual people




Sunday, 20 January 13
In the UK?

         Infinity Martlesham

         Super efficient (PUE 1.2) DC
         Runs on biofuel
         HAS ITS OWN FARM
         2ms ping from London




                                                                        The bulk of the electricity produced from the biomass plant is utilised for IT

                                        http://infinitysdc.net/locations/martlesham/
Sunday, 20 January 13
Offset

                    • (Or choose supplier that offset their power)
                    • Least attractive option, but better than
                        nothing.
                    • Good example would be Memset in UK, but
                        others exist



Sunday, 20 January 13
Interested?

                    • http://cleanweb.org.uk
                    • @cleanwebuk / #cleanweb
                    • ##cleanweb on freenode
                    • Cleanweb UK on meetup.com
                    • That guy down there

Sunday, 20 January 13
Thanks!

                    •   @mrchrisadams

                    •   http://cleanweb.org.uk

                    •   http:// chrisadams.me.uk




Sunday, 20 January 13
Credits
                    •   Various slides and content borrowed from:

                    •   Francine Bennet, MastodonC
                        •   http://www.slideshare.net/francinebennett/strata-london-slide-
                            deck-14558889


                    •   Andy Piper,VMware
                        •   http://www.slideshare.net/andypiper/making-a-cleaner-cloud


                    •   Tom Raftery, Greenmonk
                        •   http://www.slideshare.net/TomRaftery/open-source-cloud-platforms-
                            cloudstack-collab



Sunday, 20 January 13

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2013 01-15 - LDNdevops - 3 ways to run infra on cleaner clouds

  • 1. 3 ways to run your infrastructure on cleaner clouds LDNdevops Jan 2013 Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 2. Who am I • Chris Adams • Working as a Product Manager at AMEE • Background in devops/ruby mainly • @mrchrisadams everywhere online Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 4. How it affects you See the red circle? That’s Sandy flooding your servers https://twitter.com/shloky/status/262948315119886336/photo/1 Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 5. How it affects Joel https://twitter.com/spolsky/statuses/263288111692382208 Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 6. I do ops, what can I do? Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 7. “Data centers are power- hungry, and Facebook's Oregon center in Crook County is no exception, using 28MW. While that's fairly standard, it has doubled the power use of the county... The entirety of Crook County uses just under 30MW... [Data Center Knowledge via SlashDot; Image: Tom Raftery]” Ouch. Jan 31, 2012 via Gizmodo http://gizmodo.com/5880804/facebooks-oregon-data-center-uses-as-much-power-as-the-entire-county Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 8. arket Grow th Census 2011: M DCD Industry MARKET GROWTH ? About the sample of 7% into 2012 S – projected increase operates almost 1 00,000 FACILITIE 15% into 2012 » Sample size jected increase of operates 7.7 MIL LION RACKS – pro of 19% into 2012 (where 1 GW is » Sample rojected increase es 31 G W OF ENERGY – p » Sample consum illion homes) e. by 750,000 to 1 m next 12 months (i. ower used to US$35 BN in 59% p m ent about US$30 BN – expected to rise Russia » 2010-11 invest Rica or Lithuania) inal GDP of Kenya, Costa equivalent to nom 16% Benelux 59% 31% Russia Nordics 25% UK 8% 26% Canada Germany 74% 50% Turkey 44% Central China 23% USA 23% 47% West 35% 43% East MENA USA India USA Italy 9% 11% Spain 118% Mexico SE Asia 19% 10% Colombia France 43% 54% Brazil Australia 26% Argentina d Bank P data from the Worl -2 012 with GD © DatacenterDynam ics, London 2011. a center in vestment 2011 lays cens us data on dat This map over http://www.dcd-intelligence.com/Industry-Census/Data-centre-Market-Growth-2011-2012rms to meet incre ber of fo ased can take a num mmon to nter sector is co Key Grow th in the data ce hough IT demand: Sunday, 20 January 13 the Census, alt estment 2011-1 2 ets covered by of new facilities.
  • 9. © 2006 Bruno & Lígia Rodrigues Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 10. Dirty cloud: High CO2 Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 11. Clean cloud: Low/no Co2 Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 12. How to measure it • CO2 / Kwh • CO2 / compute hour Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 13. PUE? • efficient != green Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 14. PUE? Data Centre Supply Carbon Intensity PUE IT Carbon Intensity Typical 0.5kg CO2/kWh 1.5 0.75kg CO2/kWh Good PUE mostly coal-fired power 0.8kg CO2/kWh 1.2 0.96kg CO2/kWh Poor PUE but mostly renewables 0.2kg CO2/kWh 3.0 0.6kg CO2/kWh http://www.romonet.com/blog/coal-fired-clouds 34 http://www.slideshare.net/TomRaftery/open-source-cloud-platforms-cloudstack-collab - slide 18 Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 15. CO2 / compute hour Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 16. Electricity source Emissions factor Data centre Physical building and layout Power Usage Occupancy level Effectiveness (PUE) External temperature & humidity Hardware Standard power consumption http://www.slideshare.net/francinebennett/strata-london-slide-deck-14558889 Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 17. What if I did want to switch? Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 18. switch region • switch supplier • offset Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 19. Dashboard http://,mastodonc.com/dashboard Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 20. Switch region • If AWS, switch from us-east (coal) to us- west (hydro). Same toys, same price, 66% CO2 saving • If on Rackspace, a switch to London gives certified green power Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 21. Switch supplier • How well are you already doing? • Do you need API compatibiilty? • Are you really scaling up and down that much? Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 22. Kg CO2e per KWh of national grid electricity 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0 Sweden UK China Switzerland US (average) Australia Iceland Source: Defra via Amee http://www.slideshare.net/francinebennett/strata-london-slide-deck-14558889 Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 23. • EC2 compatible providers - Greenqloud RARR MY INFRA RUNS ON MAGMA cc michi_s - http://www.flickr.com/photos/32864130@N08/4542203306/ Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 24. greenqloud http://greenqloud.com/trulygreen/ Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 25. Other providers • France - Full of nukes (low CO2/kwH) • Germany - full of solar • Swiss - Full of extremely organised and punctual people Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 26. In the UK? Infinity Martlesham Super efficient (PUE 1.2) DC Runs on biofuel HAS ITS OWN FARM 2ms ping from London The bulk of the electricity produced from the biomass plant is utilised for IT http://infinitysdc.net/locations/martlesham/ Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 27. Offset • (Or choose supplier that offset their power) • Least attractive option, but better than nothing. • Good example would be Memset in UK, but others exist Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 28. Interested? • http://cleanweb.org.uk • @cleanwebuk / #cleanweb • ##cleanweb on freenode • Cleanweb UK on meetup.com • That guy down there Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 29. Thanks! • @mrchrisadams • http://cleanweb.org.uk • http:// chrisadams.me.uk Sunday, 20 January 13
  • 30. Credits • Various slides and content borrowed from: • Francine Bennet, MastodonC • http://www.slideshare.net/francinebennett/strata-london-slide- deck-14558889 • Andy Piper,VMware • http://www.slideshare.net/andypiper/making-a-cleaner-cloud • Tom Raftery, Greenmonk • http://www.slideshare.net/TomRaftery/open-source-cloud-platforms- cloudstack-collab Sunday, 20 January 13