1. Topic :
Operating Systems.
Presented By ;
Chirag Chandiramani (21)

2. What is an Operating
System?
 Operating System is an interface between the
user and the computer hardware.
 OS is software, consisting of programs and
data, that runs on computers, manages
computer hardware resources, and provides
common services for execution of various
application software.
 It is the most important type of system software
in a computer system. Without an operating
system, a user cannot run an application
program on their computer, unless the
application program is self booting.

3. Goal of an Operating System.

4. Functions of Operating
System

5. Operating System Functions
 Memory Management
 That is, allocation of main memory and other storage areas to
the system programs as well as user programs and data.
 Process Management:
 That is, assignment of processor to different tasks being
performed by the computer system.
 File Management:
 It is the storage of file of various storage devices to another. It
also allows all files to be easily changed and modified through
the use of text editors or some other files manipulation
routines.

6. Types of Operating $ystems
GUI
Multi
Multi User
Threading
Operating
System
Multi Multi
Processing Tasking

7. 1) GUI :
 Short for Graphical User Interface, a GUI Operating
System contains graphics and icons and is
commonly navigated by using a computer mouse.
Examples : System 7.x
Windows 98
Windows CE
2) Multi User :
 A multi-user operating system allows for multiple users to
use the same computer at the same time and different
times. Being able to have multiple accounts on a Windows
operating system does not make it a multi-user system.
Rather, only the network administrator is the real user. But
for a Unix-like operating system, it is possible for two
users to login at a time and this capability of the OS
makes it a multi-user operating system
Examples : Linux
Windows 2000
Unix

8. 3) Multi Tasking :
 When a single program is allowed to run at a time, the
system is grouped under a single-tasking system, while in
case the operating system allows the execution of multiple
tasks at one time, it is classified as a multi-tasking operating
system.
Examples : Unix
Windows 2000
a) Real Time Operating System :
 A real-time operating system is a multitasking operating
system that aims at executing real-time applications.
Real-time operating systems often use specialized
scheduling algorithms so that they can achieve a
deterministic nature of behavior. The main objective of
real-time operating systems is their quick and predictable
response to events.

9. 4) Multi Processing :
 An operating system capable of supporting and
utilizing more than one computer processor.
Examples : Linux
Unix
Windows 2000
5) Multi Threading :
 Operating systems that allow different parts of a
software program to run concurrently.
Examples : Linux
Unix
Windows 2000

11.  The control program in a user's machine (desktop or
laptop). Also called a "client operating system,"
Windows is the overwhelming majority while the
Macintosh comes second. There are also several
versions of Linux for the desktop.
Examples :
Windows Mac Linux

12. Microsoft Windows OS …
• Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems
produced by Microsoft.
• Microsoft introduced an operating environment named
Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS
in response to the growing interest in graphical user
interfaces (GUIs) Microsoft Windows came to dominate
the world's personal computer market, overtaking Mac
OS, which had been introduced in 1984. As of October
2009, Windows had approximately 90% of the market
share of the client operating systems for usage on the
Internet
• The most recent client version of Windows is Windows 7;
the most recent server version is Windows Server 2008
R2; the most recent mobile version is Windows Phone 7.

13. FEATURES OF WINDOWS
Easy to use Familiar Gaming Updates Supporting
Not
Expensive Unsecure
Stable

14. Windows Journey :
• Windows 1
• Windows 2, 2.1x
• Windows 3.0, 3.1
• Windows 95, 98, Me
• Windows NT family
• Windows CE
• Windows XP
• Windows Vista
• Windows 7

15. Latest Version : Windows 7
• Windows 7 is the latest release of Microsoft Windows, a
series of operating systems produced by Microsoft for
use on personal computers, including home and
business desktops, laptops, net books, tablet PCs, and
media center PCs. Windows 7 was released to
manufacturing on July 22, 2009,and reached general
retail availability on October 22, 2009,less than three
years after the release of its predecessor, Windows
Vista.
• Windows 7 includes a number of new features, such as
advances in touch and handwriting recognition, support
for virtual hard disks, improved performance on multi-
core processors, improved boot performance, Direct
Access, and kernel improvements

17. MAC OS- Apple
• Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-
based operating systems developed by Apple Inc.
(formerly Apple Computer, Inc.) for their
Macintosh line of computer systems. The
Macintosh user experience is credited with
popularizing the graphical user interface. The
original form of what Apple would later name the
"Mac OS" was the integral and unnamed system
software first introduced in 1984 with the original
Macintosh, usually referred to simply as the
System software.

18. Features of MAC
Stable
Great GUI
Secure
Better Graphics
Not all software's run
No Gaming
Difficult mouse
(one click)
Expensive

19. Latest Version : Mac OS X Lion
• Mac OS X Lion (version 10.7) is the eighth and current
major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server
operating system for Macintosh computers. Lion was
released on July 20, 2011, as announced during Apple's
third quarter 2011 earnings report.[Apple's promotional
webpage's refer to it as OS X Lion, although press releases
announcing the system's availability included the "Mac".
• It brings many developments made in Apple's iOS, such as
an easily navigable display of installed applications, to the
Mac, and includes support for the Mac App Store, as
introduced in Mac OS X Snow Leopard version 10.6.6.

20. LINUX OS
• Linux is a computer operating system which is
based on free and open source software.
Although many different varieties of Linux exist,
all are Unix-like and based on the Linux kernel,
an operating system kernel created in 1992 by
Linus Torvalds.
• The popularity of Linux on standard desktop
computers and laptops has been increasing over
the years. Currently most distributions include a
graphical user environment, with the two most
popular environments being GNOME and the
KDE Plasma Desktop.

21. Features of Linux

23. Server OS
 Server operating systems are designed to provide
platforms for multi-users , for critical, network
applications. Their main purpose is to provide security,
stability and collaboration. Most of them come with a
pack of dedicated software tools such as Web servers,
e-mail agents and terminal services The common
applications for server OSes are:
 File and printer sharing
 Application services (including databases)
 Web site services
 E-mail, groupware and messaging
 Terminal services
 Caching

24. Server os needs
Stability
Feature
Server Security
Operating
System
Performance Administration

25. Mobile OS
• Operating System that controls a mobile
device.
Symbian I phone Windows Palm Linux Rim
OS OS Mobile OS OS Blackberry
OS

26. BOTTOM LINE .. phew..
As Operating System controls and
coordinates the use of the hardware among
the various applications programs for various
uses, we can say that it plays a very important
role in computer system.

27. THANKYOU…