This document provides information on phonetic features of various sounds in English and Spanish. It discusses vowels such as /i/, /e/, /a/, /o/ and diphthongs. It also examines consonants such as /s/, /v/, /ʒ/, /x/, /h/, affricates /ʧ/ and /ʤ/, and nasal sounds /m/, /n/, /ŋ/. It outlines the place and manner of articulation, voicing and other distinctive features of each sound. The document also notes differences in realization of some sounds across the two languages.

1. FACULTAD DE FILOSOSFÌA , LETRAS
Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÒN
ESCUELA DE IDIOMAS
PHONETICS
SHARON RAMOS

2. Every voiced in both
Voicing languages
Also known as pure
simple
Vowel vowels
Vowel production quality
Their quality change since a
complex
beginning or final adjacent
Tongue High , middle or low
position
To determine the vowel
features E
area The sound is produced Front central or back
Tense
Muscle
tension
lax
Spread
neutral
Lip shape
rounded

3. SPANISH /i/ with ENGLISH /iy/ and /I/
Spanish English
/i/ /IY/ English
/I/
The tonge is
Tonge is positioned positined forward
The fronto forward and high in and slightly
section of the the oral cavity with lower, with the
tongue rises to the sides in contact sides in contact
make contact with the teeth with the teeth
both sides of laterally and the tip laterally and the
the upper positioned behind tip positineed
lateral teeth the lower teeth behind the lower
teeth

4. • The jaw moves down more than in /i/production
Spanish • The tip of the tongue moves forward the lower front
teeth
/e/
• The tongue is positioned forward and highin the oral
cavity with its sides in contact with the lateral teeth
English
• The lips are spread and retracted
/ey/
• The tongue is positioned forward and high in the oral
cavity with the sides in contact with the lateral teeth
English
• Lips are spread retracted
/ɛ/

5. • The central area
of the oral cavity
Spanish • The jaw moves
/a/ down much
greatly than the
other sounds
• It’s positioned
English slightly forward and
/æ/ low in the oral cavity
with the apex.
• The tongue is
sligthly back and low
English int the oral cavity
• The jaw is slightly
/a/ lowered and may
change dependng on
the phonetic.

6. The schwa The /ǝ/
Is the most It’s a quite
happens symbol is
common short vowel
mostly as used when
vowel n sound in
part of the schwa
spoken many lightly
unstressed may be
english pronounced
syllables omitted

7. Spanish /o/ English /ɔ/ English /ow/
• Is retracted • Is positioned • The dorso
backwards the back in a low- section of the
oral cavity mied position tongue is moved
• The tip of with respect to backwards but
tongue reaches the height. lower than /Ʊ/
th lower tooth • The lips are
ridge rounded and
protruded.

8. English dipthongs
is complete unless
it includes
diphthongs
It’s important to
It’s a phonological know that there are
group consisting of several arbitrary
a vowel sound by a ways of transcribing
non- adjacent glide diphthongs which
do not eal with IPA
diphthongs

9. SPANISH FALLING DIPHTHONGS
Spanish •It’s moving upwards
and forwards low
central to high
/ay/ front area
Spanish •The tongue moves
upward from mid
front section to
/ey/ high front area
•It moves upward and
Spanish backwards
smoothly from mid
/wo/ front to high back

10. THE CONSONANT INVENTORY
• It concerns Manner of
Point of articulation
• Is the doer of articulation the place
the where air goes
articulation • Is any part in through • It refers to the
the mouth way how air
• It moves freely • It can be the
• Can be flows out
enough to be mouth or
reached by during the
active speech nasal cavity
the articulator production of
The articulator a sound
cavity

11. /s/ PRODUCTION
/s/ PHONEMIC AND PHONETIC
FEATURES
Both languages have the /s/ sound
which is voiceless, apico-
alveolar,oral, fricative.
English variants:
[s] [-s̻-]
/s/ voiceless, apico-
alveolar, oral, fricative.

12. /v/ PHONEMIC AND PHONETIC FEATURES
The /v/ sound
doesn’t
exist in Spanish.
In English , /v/ is voiced,
ENGLISH labiodental, oral, fricative
and happens in initial,
middle and final position.

13. As an Allophone /ʒ/ of
This /ʒ/ sounds as a the FRONTO- PALATAL
Phoneme in English. LATERAL /λ/ in Spanish.
EXAMPLES
<ge> garage /gə'ɹaʒ/
The /ʒ/ sound occur in <si> occasion /ə‘keyʒən/
English only middle and <s> measure /mɛʒəɹ/
final position. <g> regime /ɹeyɪ'ʒiym/
<z> azure /'æʒəɹ/

14. VOICED
FRONTO-PALATAL
ORAL
GROOVE
FRICATIVE
THE VIOCED FRICATIVE /ʒ/ENTERED THE ENGLISH
PHONEME INVENTORY THROUGH FRENCH WORDS

15. The voiceless DORSO-
VELAR /x/ is sound
which existx particulary
in Spanish
EXAMPLES A common
<j> jarabe /xaˈrabe/ confusion is made
<g>girasol /xiɾaˈsol/ with the glottal
<x>xavier /xabieɾ/ English /h/ when
English speaker
utter the velar
sound

16. THIS PHONEME /X/ HAS THREE
ALLOPHONE WHICH MAY
OCCUR IN FREE VARIATION
REGARDING
VOICELESS
DORSO-VELAR
ORAL [x] voiceless, dorso-velar,
FRICATIVE oral,fricative
[h]voiceless, glottal, oral
fricative
[ø] zero allophone

17. The /h/ is another sound The /h/ sound never occursin
which happens in partial final position
distribution
This phoneme not exists in
Spanish speaker same Spanish but it’s an allophone
pronounce as the english /h/ of sound /x/
EXAMPLES
<h> holiday /halɪdey/
<wh>whole /ˈhowl/

18. phoneme /h/ has two allophones in
English:
[h]
voiceless, glottal, oral, fricative
[-ɦ-]voiced,glottal,oral
fricative
VOICELESS
GLOTTAL
ORAL
FRICATIVE
THE ENGLISH WORDS
<when>,<why>,<what> are
pronunced by some speakear with the
initial consonant cluster /hw/

19. ARTICULATOR AND POINT OF ARTICULATOR
/ʧ/ /ʤ/
AFFRICA
E
ORAL
TE
S [ʧ] [ʤ]
VOICELESS VOICED
VOICING
HOMORGANIC SOUNDS
AFFRICATES have the same place of articulation
They are transcribed using the symbols for the stop
and the fricative creating a diagraph

20. /ʧ/ FEATURES
VOICELESS
APICO-ALVEOLAR
LAMINO FRONTO-
PALATE
ORAL
AFFRICATE
THE / ʧ/ SOUND IS A COMMON ELEMENT IN
ENGLISH AND SPANISH BESIDES THR BOTH
LANGUAGES HAVE ONE ALLOPHONE WITH
THE SAME FEATURES

21. VOICED
APICO-ALVEOLAR
LAMINO FRONTO-
PALATE
ORAL
AFFRICATE
IN SPANISH IT IS ALLOPHONE OF THE PALATAL APPROXIMAT
/y/ UTTERED BY FEW PEOPLE OF THE COAST REGION

22. CONTRAST NASAL SOUND
ARTICULATOR AND POINT OF
ARTICULATION
The nasals consonants
continuant
Occlusive
are produced when the BILABIAL APICO DORSO DORSO
air to flow out through ALVEOL VELAR PALATAL
E
Nasal
AR
the nasal cavity S
/m/ /n/ /ŋ/ -----
/m/ /n/ [ŋ] /ɲ/
/n/ /m/ /ŋ/
voiced voiced voiced voiced
VOICING
EXAMPLES
<m> message /ˈmɛsəʤ/
<mm> mammal /ˈmæmə/

23. ENGLISH SPANISH
It has three allophones:
[m] voiced, bilabial, nasal,
occlusive,continuant It has just one allophone
[ɱ]voiced,labiodental,nasal, [m]
occlusive,continuant voiced,bilabial,nasal,
[mͅ] occlusive,continuant
voiced,bilabial,nasal, occlusive
,continuant,syllabic
ENGLISH NASAL CONSONANTS MAY BECOME
SYLLABIC WHEN OCCURING IN FINAL-WORD
POSITION AS PART OF AS UNSTRESSED SYLLABLE
AND BESIDES WHEN THE REDUCED VOWEL SOUND
IS DROPPED

24. CONTINUANT NASAL
OCCLISIVE
APICO ALVEOLAR VOICED