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Polymerase Chain Reaction - PCR
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique to amplify a piece of DNA very rapidly outside of a cell.
Some applications of PCR. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
A cycle of PCR consists of three steps. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Starting with a single molecule of DNA, 25 rounds or cycles of PCR will produce about 10 million identical DNA molecules!!
Forensic uses of PCR ,[object Object],[object Object]
DNA fingerprinting using PCR in forensic investigations. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Restriction fragment analysis by Southern blotting.
DNA fingerprints from a murder case.
Individuals have unique DNA fingerprints because of restriction length polymorphisms (RFLPs).
How reliable is DNA fingerprinting? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Many argue that DNA evidence is more reliable than eyewitnesses in placing a suspect at the scene of a crime.
Satellite DNA can be used as markers for DNA fingerprinting. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
An example of simple tandem repeat (STR) alleles.
STRs in DNA fingerprinting. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PCR use in Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD). ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Polymerase chain reaction