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Next-Generation In-vehicle Software
          Opportunities




              Alison Chaiken
          alchaiken@gmail.com
          http://she-devel.com/
Outline

●   Evolving opportunities for IVI

●   HW platforms for IVI development

●   nOBDy, ExoPC and Pandaboard demos
What is “in-vehicle infotainment”?




                        Courtesy Tata Consultancy Services


1st gen: available         2nd gen: pipeline
Opportunity: save energy through ad hoc networking




   Use this . . .                   to save energy . . .




                    with cars, too: 802.11p WAVE.
Opportunity: Mobile sensor platform data fusion/mining




                                          Handset
    Satellite
Familiar idea: car as load-levelling power storage
Extension: connected car can be main CPU for the home


                 COMPUTE POWER


                       Data backup




                                     Media rendering
          Thermostat




  Hot water heater, furnace and computer in garage . . .
Extension: From “sneakernet” to “tirenet”

                   DATA STORAGE


                      Starbucks/Walmart



                                     Sync rural home
   Sync village business




Napster:iTunes::Wardriving:Download as a Service
“Adjacent” business opportunities

   Automakers do not want to enter smart grid business.
       ABB does.

   Do not want to enter the home computer business.
       A lot of Sili Valley startups do.

   Do not want to enter the “tirenet” business.
       Chinese, Indian partners do.
Bay Area IVI participants




    New L.A. factory
Next-Gen In-Vehicle Software Opportunities
Challenges for IVI

●   Security in a multi-user, mobile, often
    unattended device

●   Safety: not “kill -9” but kill dead!

●   Novel hardware and architecture

●   Not a phone or desktop: little-understood UI/UX
UI: What kind of controls?
●   Touchscreen, video gesture, joystick, voice, haptic?




         Kinect piano: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kf3G-DXqt6Y
Novel architecture trades parts count for security

                                        Front-seat RT audio
 DSP                   GPU                   and video
                                            incl. alarms


       Atom or ARM SoC
       running GNU/Linux
                                                              Encapsulated legacy system
                               Sensor data R/O
                    Cortex-M
                                                                               16-bit MCU
    In-dash GPCPU                                                            running RTOS

                                     MIPS with
                                     OpenWRT                                   CAN and
                                                              Control: R/W
     Atom or ARM                                                                MOST
    running Android                                                             buses

                                    Firewall
Backseat entertainment
Maybe Android from Open Handset Alliance?

 Inherently single user.
 Text ads required for Android Market?




                                    Open source, not open development.
                                    Amazon and B&N more ready to deal?
2011 Linux Kernel Summit: no need to choose?


Many of the changes in the Android kernel have been blocked
from merging into the mainline, but Android shipped it anyway,
and it now has many millions of users. . . . how we should treat
the Android code?
Linus took the microphone and stated that, simply, code that
actually is used is the code that is actually worth something. The
Android code is certainly being used . . . when code has millions
of users, we have to say "yes" to it.




                Abridged from https://lwn.net/Articles/464298/
MeeGo IVI 1.2 Home Screen




Intel: Tizen-IVI will have large overlap with MeeGo.
Tripzero: Handset/Tablet + meego ivi

In the near future...




                        DBus


                         Bluetooth              Bluetooth
         nobdy           subscriber              Provider         nobdy
                           plugin                 plugin



                                                                          DBus




       http://sf2011.meego.com/program/sessions/vehicle-communications-meego
Nobdy on (unsupported) ExoPC Atom
          Slate and OMAP4 Pandaboard




                             Nobdy in scrollwheel menu




Live data stream via D-bus and qmlviewer
Linux OBDII Software




                             New nobdy Qjson UI from tripzero




Torque from Android Market
(not open source)
                                  ICS IVI demo by Justin Noel
Goal: real-time mileage display for ICE vehicles

●   Real-time display in Prius:
     ●   Is an important factor in its popularity;
     ●   Illustrates the user empowerment of timely data


●   Real-time mileage is just the beginning of what data-
    mining can accomplish.


●   Killer app: “What's the cheapest gas within 1 mile of
    the freeway between me and an empty tank?
    Between me and my destination?”
Summary
●   Linux opportunities at all levels: HW, accessories, embedded,
    platform, apps, entrepreneurs and big companies.


●   Finding HW for development remains a problem: iKar PC?
    IMX53 Quickstart?


●   Many local companies and developers want to play.


●   Prediction: automotive is where Linux will show most growth.
Resources 1: Hardware platforms for IVI

●   ARM set-top box: Trimslice, $219 with Arch or MeeGo.

●   ARM board: FreeScale i.MX QuickStart, $149 w/ Ubuntu.
●   Atom/x86 slate: Ciara ExoPC Vibe, $699 w/ Windows.
●   Atom/x86 board: Intel Black Sands, $149 w/ reg, Android, Ubuntu or MeeGo.

●   ARM boards: T.I. BeagleBoard ($149), PandaBoard ($179), Ubuntu or
    Android.

●   Multiple displays and controls needed.

●   Touch, voice, video, joystick, haptic devices and drivers?

●   GPS dongles, CAN daughter cards . . .
Resources 2
●   IVI wiki: http://wiki.meego.com/In-vehicle
●   Official site: http://meego.com/downloads/releases/1.2/meego-v1.2-in-vehicle-
    infotainment-ivi
●   Mailing list archive: http://lists.meego.com/pipermail/meego-ivi
●   Mp3car.com
●   #linuxice and #meego-ivi IRC on freenode.net
●   nOBDy: wiki.openice.org/index.php?title=Nobdy
●   My notes and instructions
     ●   on ExoPC: http://wiki.meego.com/MeeGo_IVI_on_ExoPC
     ●   on Pandaboard: http://wiki.meego.com/Hardware-
         accelerated_graphics_on_Pandaboard_using_MeeGo
MeeGo Hardware Adaptation Process

                     Maybe not
                     that kernel


       Update from
       wrong repo



                               Use installer
                               defaults




 Hand-craft                    Multi-hour
 extlinux.conf                 “zypper up”
MeeGo-IVI on Atom and ARM Demo HW

●   No SW support for HW available to small-medium
    businesses.
●   Running IVI on ExoPC requires a mash-up of “Tablet
    Preview” and IVI UXes.
●   Meego-ivi repos support EMGD graphics only
    ●   “zypper update” auto-overwrites drivers and X11
        SO libraries.
●   Stopped work on ARM-based Pandaboard due to
    missing hardfp PowerVR driver.
Hardware/Driver Challenge
CAN bus, MOST bus, wheel rotation sensors, oil level . . .




       Not just RT audio, but RT video too!
IVI UX Additional Features: MeeGo/Tizen




                                            Courtesy
                                            Nathan P. Willis,
                                            http://tinyurl.com/3m4loer




Many automotive players, few public announcements.
MeeGo IVI Audio Architecture




      Courtesy Laci Jalics, Delphi.
How about MeeGo?




MeeGo = lightweight GNU/Linux with a Qt face.
100-Member auto SW alliance endorses Linux




  GENIVI is promulgating Linux standards for auto space.
Security: Linux isn't ready either




Backseat kids changing nav system's destination . . .
mechanic at body shop installs malware.
Safety:UI Design Space is Little Understood
             What information does the driver need?




Prevent entertainment system from hogging resources (incl. Driver!).

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Next-Gen In-Vehicle Software Opportunities

  • 1. Next-Generation In-vehicle Software Opportunities Alison Chaiken alchaiken@gmail.com http://she-devel.com/
  • 2. Outline ● Evolving opportunities for IVI ● HW platforms for IVI development ● nOBDy, ExoPC and Pandaboard demos
  • 3. What is “in-vehicle infotainment”? Courtesy Tata Consultancy Services 1st gen: available 2nd gen: pipeline
  • 4. Opportunity: save energy through ad hoc networking Use this . . . to save energy . . . with cars, too: 802.11p WAVE.
  • 5. Opportunity: Mobile sensor platform data fusion/mining Handset Satellite
  • 6. Familiar idea: car as load-levelling power storage
  • 7. Extension: connected car can be main CPU for the home COMPUTE POWER Data backup Media rendering Thermostat Hot water heater, furnace and computer in garage . . .
  • 8. Extension: From “sneakernet” to “tirenet” DATA STORAGE Starbucks/Walmart Sync rural home Sync village business Napster:iTunes::Wardriving:Download as a Service
  • 9. “Adjacent” business opportunities  Automakers do not want to enter smart grid business.  ABB does.  Do not want to enter the home computer business.  A lot of Sili Valley startups do.  Do not want to enter the “tirenet” business.  Chinese, Indian partners do.
  • 10. Bay Area IVI participants New L.A. factory
  • 12. Challenges for IVI ● Security in a multi-user, mobile, often unattended device ● Safety: not “kill -9” but kill dead! ● Novel hardware and architecture ● Not a phone or desktop: little-understood UI/UX
  • 13. UI: What kind of controls? ● Touchscreen, video gesture, joystick, voice, haptic? Kinect piano: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kf3G-DXqt6Y
  • 14. Novel architecture trades parts count for security Front-seat RT audio DSP GPU and video incl. alarms Atom or ARM SoC running GNU/Linux Encapsulated legacy system Sensor data R/O Cortex-M 16-bit MCU In-dash GPCPU running RTOS MIPS with OpenWRT CAN and Control: R/W Atom or ARM MOST running Android buses Firewall Backseat entertainment
  • 15. Maybe Android from Open Handset Alliance?  Inherently single user.  Text ads required for Android Market?  Open source, not open development.  Amazon and B&N more ready to deal?
  • 16. 2011 Linux Kernel Summit: no need to choose? Many of the changes in the Android kernel have been blocked from merging into the mainline, but Android shipped it anyway, and it now has many millions of users. . . . how we should treat the Android code? Linus took the microphone and stated that, simply, code that actually is used is the code that is actually worth something. The Android code is certainly being used . . . when code has millions of users, we have to say "yes" to it. Abridged from https://lwn.net/Articles/464298/
  • 17. MeeGo IVI 1.2 Home Screen Intel: Tizen-IVI will have large overlap with MeeGo.
  • 18. Tripzero: Handset/Tablet + meego ivi In the near future... DBus Bluetooth Bluetooth nobdy subscriber Provider nobdy plugin plugin DBus http://sf2011.meego.com/program/sessions/vehicle-communications-meego
  • 19. Nobdy on (unsupported) ExoPC Atom Slate and OMAP4 Pandaboard Nobdy in scrollwheel menu Live data stream via D-bus and qmlviewer
  • 20. Linux OBDII Software New nobdy Qjson UI from tripzero Torque from Android Market (not open source) ICS IVI demo by Justin Noel
  • 21. Goal: real-time mileage display for ICE vehicles ● Real-time display in Prius: ● Is an important factor in its popularity; ● Illustrates the user empowerment of timely data ● Real-time mileage is just the beginning of what data- mining can accomplish. ● Killer app: “What's the cheapest gas within 1 mile of the freeway between me and an empty tank? Between me and my destination?”
  • 22. Summary ● Linux opportunities at all levels: HW, accessories, embedded, platform, apps, entrepreneurs and big companies. ● Finding HW for development remains a problem: iKar PC? IMX53 Quickstart? ● Many local companies and developers want to play. ● Prediction: automotive is where Linux will show most growth.
  • 23. Resources 1: Hardware platforms for IVI ● ARM set-top box: Trimslice, $219 with Arch or MeeGo. ● ARM board: FreeScale i.MX QuickStart, $149 w/ Ubuntu. ● Atom/x86 slate: Ciara ExoPC Vibe, $699 w/ Windows. ● Atom/x86 board: Intel Black Sands, $149 w/ reg, Android, Ubuntu or MeeGo. ● ARM boards: T.I. BeagleBoard ($149), PandaBoard ($179), Ubuntu or Android. ● Multiple displays and controls needed. ● Touch, voice, video, joystick, haptic devices and drivers? ● GPS dongles, CAN daughter cards . . .
  • 24. Resources 2 ● IVI wiki: http://wiki.meego.com/In-vehicle ● Official site: http://meego.com/downloads/releases/1.2/meego-v1.2-in-vehicle- infotainment-ivi ● Mailing list archive: http://lists.meego.com/pipermail/meego-ivi ● Mp3car.com ● #linuxice and #meego-ivi IRC on freenode.net ● nOBDy: wiki.openice.org/index.php?title=Nobdy ● My notes and instructions ● on ExoPC: http://wiki.meego.com/MeeGo_IVI_on_ExoPC ● on Pandaboard: http://wiki.meego.com/Hardware- accelerated_graphics_on_Pandaboard_using_MeeGo
  • 25. MeeGo Hardware Adaptation Process Maybe not that kernel Update from wrong repo Use installer defaults Hand-craft Multi-hour extlinux.conf “zypper up”
  • 26. MeeGo-IVI on Atom and ARM Demo HW ● No SW support for HW available to small-medium businesses. ● Running IVI on ExoPC requires a mash-up of “Tablet Preview” and IVI UXes. ● Meego-ivi repos support EMGD graphics only ● “zypper update” auto-overwrites drivers and X11 SO libraries. ● Stopped work on ARM-based Pandaboard due to missing hardfp PowerVR driver.
  • 27. Hardware/Driver Challenge CAN bus, MOST bus, wheel rotation sensors, oil level . . . Not just RT audio, but RT video too!
  • 28. IVI UX Additional Features: MeeGo/Tizen Courtesy Nathan P. Willis, http://tinyurl.com/3m4loer Many automotive players, few public announcements.
  • 29. MeeGo IVI Audio Architecture Courtesy Laci Jalics, Delphi.
  • 30. How about MeeGo? MeeGo = lightweight GNU/Linux with a Qt face.
  • 31. 100-Member auto SW alliance endorses Linux GENIVI is promulgating Linux standards for auto space.
  • 32. Security: Linux isn't ready either Backseat kids changing nav system's destination . . . mechanic at body shop installs malware.
  • 33. Safety:UI Design Space is Little Understood What information does the driver need? Prevent entertainment system from hogging resources (incl. Driver!).