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Incredible invaders: How bark and ambrosia beetles are colonizing the world
- 1. Incredible Invaders: how wood boring beetles are colonizing the world Caroline Storer Jiri Hulcr Craig Bateman Martin Kostovcik School of Forest Resources and Conservation University of Florida
- 3. lionfish wild pigs hydrilla fire ants purple swamphen
- 4. The wood boring ambrosia beetles
- 5. The redbay ambrosia beetle
- 9. Cumulative number of established invasive bark and ambrosia beetles species in the U.S. Lee et al. 2007
- 10. Why are bark and ambrosia beetles incredible invaders?
- 11. Ambrosia beetles build galleries in the xylem of dying trees for farming their symbiotic fungus
- 12. They carry fungus in specialized tissue called mycangia
- 13. Ambrosia beetles push excavated material out of galleries for fungus farming
- 14. Ambrosia beetles have bizarre genetics
- 15. Ambrosia beetles have bizarre genetics Haplo-diploid: Females produce many diploid daughters and one haploid son haploid son diploid mother
- 17. Ambrosia beetles have bizarre genetics Haplo-diploid: Females produce many diploid daughters and one haploid son haploid son diploid mother
- 18. Ambrosia beetles have bizarre genetics Haplo-diploid: Females produce many diploid daughters and one haploid son Inbreed: The haploid son mates with its sisters haploid son diploid mother
- 19. A single female can start a new population
- 20. Provide new insights into the ecology of the ambrosia beetles using emerging molecular tools
- 21. Diversity and specificity of fungal symbionts in Ambrosia beetles
- 22. Diversity and specificity of fungal symbionts in Ambrosia beetles Fungal cultures from exotic and native beetles
- 23. Diversity and specificity of fungal symbionts in Ambrosia beetles Xyleborus affinis Xylosandrus crassiusculus Xyleborus ferrugineus High-throughput sequencing of exotic and native beetle fungal communities
- 24. Diversity and abundance of fungal communities is variable and sometimes beetle species specific
- 25. Patterns of symbiont diversity Beetle Fungus community Euwallacea diverse, less specific Xyleborus diverse, less specific Xylosandrus less diverse, more specific
- 26. Patterns of symbiont diversity Beetle Fungus community Euwallacea diverse, less specific Xyleborus diverse, less specific Xylosandrus less diverse, more specific Mycangia
- 27. Population structure and inbreeding in Ambrosia beetles
- 28. Xylosandrus crassiusculus 1 mm o Abundant o Exotic (in the US) o Sometimes pest
- 29. Xylosandrus crassiusculus Maryland Northern NC 1 mm Southern NC South Carolina o Abundant o Exotic (in the US) North Florida Central Florida o Sometimes pest 2-3 beetles sequenced from 6 locations
- 32. genotype-by-sequencing o Fast - No marker development - Sample prep takes days
- 33. genotype-by-sequencing o Fast - No marker development - Sample prep takes days o High-throughput - 100s of individuals - 100s of genotypes
- 34. genotype-by-sequencing o Fast - No marker development - Sample prep takes days o High-throughput - 100s of individuals - 100s of genotypes o Robust - High-quality sequence data - Biological signals are recoverable (Buerkle & Gompert 2013)
- 35. genotype-by-sequencing o Fast - No marker development - Sample prep takes days o High-throughput - 100s of individuals - 100s of genotypes o Robust - High-quality sequence data - Biological signals are recoverable (Buerkle & Gompert 2013)
- 37. restriction-site associated sequencing (RADseq) Petterson et al. 2012
- 38. restriction-site associated sequencing (RADseq) ddRADseq enables the sequencing of the same genomic region in many taxonomically related individuals Petterson et al. 2012
- 39. No population structure associated with geographic location Central Florida North Florida South Carolina Southern North Carolina Northern North Carolina Maryland Principal coordinate 2 (14.54%) Principal coordinate 1 (35.34%)
- 40. Inbreeding detected at most loci 1 0.8 0.6 FIS 0.4 FIS > 0 inbreeding 0.2 0 -‐0.2 -‐0.4 -‐0.6 FIS < 0 outbreeding -‐0.8 -‐1 locus
- 41. o Genotype-by-sequencing is possible
- 42. o Genotype-by-sequencing is possible o High inbreeding (>0.8) at most loci, but some outbreeding may occur
- 43. o Genotype-by-sequencing is possible o High inbreeding (>0.8) at most loci, but some outbreeding may occur o No genetic structure associated with geographic location
- 44. o Genotype-by-sequencing is possible o High inbreeding (>0.8) at most loci, but some outbreeding may occur o No genetic structure associated with geographic location o High genetic similarity between some individuals, but not clonal
- 45. o What is the global population structure ambrosia beetles?
- 46. o What is the global population structure ambrosia beetles? o How does population structure differ between outbreeding and inbreeding ambrosia beetles?
- 47. o What is the global population structure ambrosia beetles? o How does population structure differ between outbreeding and inbreeding ambrosia beetles? Native and exotic?
- 48. o What is the global population structure ambrosia beetles? o How does population structure differ between outbreeding and inbreeding ambrosia beetles? Native and exotic? o Is population structure correlated with fungal symbiont biodiversity?
- 49. o What is the global population structure ambrosia beetles? o How does population structure differ between outbreeding and inbreeding ambrosia beetles? Native and exotic? o Is population structure correlated with fungal symbiont biodiversity? o Are species complexes a phenotypically plastic single species or distinct cryptic species?
- 50. Why are bark and ambrosia beetles incredible invaders?
- 51. Why are bark and ambrosia beetles incredible invaders? o Fungal community diversity and specificity may facilitate colonization
- 52. Why are bark and ambrosia beetles incredible invaders? o Beetle fungal community diversity and specificity may facilitate colonization o Some outbreeding may increase genetic variation, increasing the chances of establishing populations in a new environment
- 54. The Forest Entomology Lab at University of Florida Dr. Jiri Hulcr Andrew Johnson Martin Kostovcik Polly Harding (not shown) Craig Bateman UF Graduate Student Council
- 56. 1 Sequences are sorted by an individual’s unique barcode...
- 57. 1 Sequences are sorted by an individual’s unique barcode... 2 then assembled into locus stacks based on sequence similarity Stack 1 Stack 2 Stack X
- 61. 89,429 stacks in catalog 21,860 stacks shared across individuals
- 62. 89,429 stacks in catalog 21,860 stacks shared across individuals 2,984 SNP loci genotyped