Uma apresentação feita numa escola americana sobre o que é o Brasil e o português, sua história e os países que falam português hoje em dia

1. BATTLEFIELD
ES
PTO ENRICHMENT
CLASSES – 2005
PORTUGUESE AND BRAZILIAN
CULTURE
by Celina C Falck-Cook

2. Portuguese is the 8th most spoken language in the world, the
rank being:
1) Chinese, 1 billion, 2) English, 500 million, 3) Hindi, 497
million, 4) Spanish, 392 million,
5) Russian, 277, 6) Arabic, 246 million, 7) Bengali, 211 million,
8) Portuguese, 191 million, 170 million in Brazil;
9) Malasian, 157, 10) French, 129.
In the US there are more than 500,000 Portuguese native speakers.
(according to the Texas Tech University)

3. It is the official language
of eight countries –
Portugal, Brazil, Angola,
Cape Verde, GuineaBissau, Mozambique, Sao
Tome e Principe, East
Timor and, in this way, it
is present all over the
planet.
(The information on how many people
speak the languages mentioned was found
in the site of ALFAL – Linguistics and
Phylology Latin American Association).

4. Portuguese was born in Galiza, in the kingdom of
Leon – which today is a Spanish province.

5. Galiza (Galicia) was the first, the oldest independent kingdom of
Europe. The Old Kingdom of Galicia was created by the Germanic
people of the suave that in 409 came to the Roman province of Galleacia
because the Romans gave that land to them in exchange for stopping to
attack the Empire.
José J.
Presedo
A galician
musician
Galicia has always conserved its own language costumes and differentiated culture. A
natural mountain chain isolated Galiza and also Portugal from Spain. The SpanishPortugal border is the oldest of Europe. Galicia is the only one of the seven Celtic
countries : Eire, Galiza, Breizh, Kernow, Cymru, Mannin and Alba that has well
conserved Celtic houses 2000 years old.

6. In 711 d.C., 7 thousand
Arabs crossed the strait of
Gibraltar ('djabal altariq') and invaded Spain,
which was at this time a
Visigoth kingdom.
They conquered the whole peninsula,
except for a region in the Asturian
mountains, where Pelagio, a goth prince,
hid and started to fight for the recovery
of the land (Reconquista). His successors
continued to fight until in the 11th century
the kingdoms of Asturias, Oviedo, Leon,
Navarra, Aragon and Castela were
formed (Spanish) as well as the Portucale
county (or shire), and Barcelona. The
county was a part of the Leon, a Spanish
kingdom. In 1128 D Afonso Henriques
declared the independence of Portucale
(now Portugal), and became a king after
all moorish (mouros) were expelled from
the country.

7. The five white points in the five shields in the center of the
flag refer to a legend concerning the first King of Portugal,
King Afonso Henriques or Afonso I. Before the Battle of
Ourique (July 1139), he was praying for the protection of the
Portuguese people when a vision of Jesus on the cross
appeared to him. King Afonso won the battle and in gratitude
incorporated Christ’s five wounds into his flag. The five
shields represent the five Moorish kings defeated in the
Battle of Ourique.
The castles are a symbol of the Portuguese victories under
King Afonso III command over their enemies, relating to the
mourish castles defeated by Portugal in 1249.

8. The Portuguese Navigations – In 1488, Bartolomeu Dias reache the Cape of Torments – CABO DAS TORMENTAS( a name that was
changed to Cape of Good Hope (CABO DA BOA ESPERANÇA)), in 1492, Columbus came to America, looking for a way to reach the
East; Vasco da Gama leaves Portugal and reaches Calicut in India in 1498, and in 1500 Pedro Alvares Cabral reaches Brazil; In 1519,
the Portuguese-born Fernão de Magalhães (Magellan), at the service of the kings of Spain, sails around the world.
Nicolau Coelho, another navigator, described “strange lands” to the west, and the Portuguese king D. Manuel I decided to check this
out. Vasco da Gama had said he had seen birds flying to the west when he went around Africa, which meant there was land there
somewhere.

9. Countries and Communities in the world
that speak portuguese or a loCal
language based on it todaY
Goa,
Damão
e Korlai

10. Photo of a fort in Macau, China, built by the Portuguese

11. Cape Verde Flag and Map – West of Senegal(Africa)
Bandeira e Mapa das Ilhas de Cabo Verde – Oeste do Senegal
(África)

12. Map of Africa, WITH OTHER FOUR Portuguese-speaking countries
(Cape Verde, Mozambique, Angola, Guinea-Bissau and SAO TOME E PRINCIPE)
Mapa da África, COM outros 4 (quatro) países falantes do português
)
(Cabo Verde, Moçambique, Angola, Guiné-Bissau, SÃO TOMÉ E PRÍNCIPE
GuineaBissau, map
and flag
(Guiné
Bissau, mapa
e bandeira)
Sao Tome e
Principe, map and
flag
(São Tomé e
Príncipe, mapa e
bandeira)
Mozambique’s
flag (Bandeira
de
Moçambique)
Angola’s flag
(Bandeira de
Angola)
Os cantores
africanos, Ildo Lobo,
de Cabo Verde, Dulce
das Neves da guinéBissau, Juka, de São
Tomé e Principe, e
Sambala, da GuinéBissau

13. Portugal today
Portugal hoje
Ó MAR SALGADO, quanto do seu sal
São lágrimas de Portugal
Por te cruzarmos, quantas mães
choraram,
Quantos filhos em vão rezaram!
Quantas noivas ficaram por casar
Para que fosses nosso, ó mar.
Valeu a pena? Tudo vale a pena
se a alma não é pequena.
Quem quer passar além do Bojador
Tem que passar além da dor
Deus ao mar o perigo e o abismo deu,
Mas nele é que espelhou o céu."
Fernando Pessoa ( o maior dos poetas
portugueses) séc. XX

14. BRAZIL, WHICH IS THE BIGGEST PORTUGUESE-SPEAKING COUNTRY IN THE
WORLD - 170 million in the year 2000.
E FINALMENTE:
O BRASIL, QUE É O MAIOR PAÍS FALANTE DO PORTUGUÊS DO MUNDO - 170 milhões no
ano 2000

15. The Brazilian Flag
A Bandeira do Brasil
The Brazilian Flag has a large yellow-shaped diamond on a green background. The
color green stands for the lush fields and forests of Brazil. The color yellow
represents its wealth in gold. In the center of the yellow diamond there is a blue
sphere, that symbolizes Brazil's blue sky with 27 stars, which stand for it's capital
and 26 states. In the middle of the sphere there is a white banner with a legend:
"Ordem e Progresso", which translates into "Order and Progress".

16. Brazilian History and Geography
Brazil is a huge country, the 9th largest on earth, and extends over an area of more
than eight and a half million square kilometres (only slightly smaller than the USA).
There are 183,000,000 inhabitants in the country according to the 2005 estimates. It
has borders with all of the South American countries except Chile and Ecuador. It
was discovered by the Portuguese in 1500, and adopted the Portuguese language. It
got independent from Portugal in 1822 and was a Kingdom with their own kings
until 1889 (Pedro I and Pedro II). Rio was the capital of this Kingdom and was an
Imperial city for a long time. The country was called Brazil due to the pau-brasil, a
reddish wood (ember color – cor de brasa) used to dye at the time and sold by the
Portuguese for they could not find gold at their colony right away.

17. The Brazilian capital is now Brasilia, which is both the heart
of the country and the continent. It was inaugurated in 1960,
but in the 19th century some people already thought about
building it.
The Palácio do Planalto, the seat of the Brazilian Government.The
sculpture pays homage to the workers that built the town, the
“Candangos” that came from the Northeast, its author is the sculptor
Bruno Giorgi.

18. The modern city of Brasilia, the Congress, the
Ministry buildings

19. The Amazon Basin, its legends, its mysteries
The Amazon Basin
occupies the northern
half of the country. The
6000 kilometre-long
Amazon River (3728
miles, the world’s
largest in water volume,
the longest is the Nile)
gives definition to this
densely forested and
sparsely inhabited
region. Although a lot of
companies have been
exploring the mines and
wood and soil of the
rainforest (mining,
logging and agricultural
operations), it still
contains 30% of the
world’s forest
resources.

20. A curious feature of the water in the area where
the Amazon is formed by the waters of the Negro
and Solimões rivers
When the Solimões River meets the Negro River to form
the Amazon River, both rivers run parallel to each other
for kilometers until the waters mix. Half of the river is
brown, the other half is black at this point.

21. Indians that still live in the
rainforest
Ianomami tribe village in the
Amazon

22. An Amazonian
Legend – the
Vitoria Regia
flower – it was
named after
Queen Victoria by
a British scientist
who was amazed
by its size and
beauty and so
decided to pay
homage to the
queen giving her
name to that
incredible plant

23. The Indian legend of the Victoria Regia
An Indian chief once told the children of his tribe this story about the Vitoria Regia
flower:
There was among us a beautiful and young Indian called Naiá. When she found out the
moon was a handsome and powerful warrior, Naiá fell in love with it. This was the
reason why she refused to marry the strongest and bravest men in our tribe. She even
ran after the moon with her arms outstretched so she could reach it. But the moon
ignored her. One day, she saw the reflex of the moon in a lake and jumped into it and
drowned. Then the moon, that did not want turn Naiá into a star in the sky, decided to
turn her into a star of the waters. It transformed the Indian girl’s body in a huge and
beautiful flower. Every night this flower opens its huge petals so that the moon shines
on its rosy corolla
Havia entre nós uma bela e jovem índia chamada Naiá. Quando ela descobriu
que a lua era um guerreiro poderoso e belo, Naiá se apaixonou por ele. Por
isso se recusava a casar-se com os homens mais fortes e valentes da tribo.
Até corria atrás da lua com os braços estendidos para poder alcançá-la. Mas a
lua a ignorava. Um dia, ela viu o reflexo da lua em um lago e pulou dentro
d’água, e se afogou. Então a lua, que não queria transformar Naiá em estrela
do céu, resolveu transformá-la em uma estrela das águas. Transformou o
corpo da jovem índia em uma imensa e bela flor. Toda noite essa flor abre
suas enormes pétalas para a lua banhar de luar a sua corola rosada.

24. Now, we are going to listen to a Brazilian song about how
Earth’s name should be Water that also mentions the
Amazon rivers! It is a country style song by an urban
composer from São Paulo, Guilherme Arantes. Enjoy and
sing along!