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Excelencia en el manejo de la cardiopatía isquémica
La enfermedad aterosclerótica
en cardiología
particularidades y novedades
Dr. Leopoldo Pérez de Isla
Hospital Clínico San Carlos
Madrid
Generalidades
Aterosclerosis subclínica
Afectación multi-territorio
Protección multi-territorio
Conclusiones
Generalidades
Aterosclerosis subclínica
Afectación multi-territorio
Protección multi-territorio
Conclusiones
Moura et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Feb 6;49(5):554-61
INE 2016
Edad
Sexo
Factores de riesgo cardiovascular
No modificables Modificables
Tabaquismo Diabetes
Hipertensión
arterial
Colesterol
Sedentarismo Obesidad
…
Generalidades
Aterosclerosis subclínica
Afectación multi-territorio
Protección multi-territorio
Conclusiones
Caso clínico
 Varón de 67 años
 Asintomático salvo dolor ciático
 Al realizar CRM para valorar posible hernia discal se
descubre neoplasia renal…
ES UNA PERSONA SANA
NO DEBO TRATARLE
Caso clínico
 Varón de 45 años
 Asintomático
 En análisis rutinario es diagnosticado de infección por
VIH…
ES UNA PERSONA SANA
NO DEBO TRATARLE
Cortesía Dr. Núñez
Cortesía Dr. Ávila
Cortesía Dr. Gómez de Diego
Esperar signos y síntomas claros de enfermedad
coronaria antes del tratamiento no está
justificado
De alguna manera, la aparición de síntomas de enfermedad
puede ser visto como un fallo médico más que como el
punto de inicio de un tratamiento
William B. Kannel
Guias ESC 2016
Prevención CV
Muy alto riesgo
 Enfermedad CV
 Clínica
 Imagen (Placas; no GIM)
 DM con:
 LOD
 Otro FRCV (HTA, Tab, HL)
 Filtrado glomerular < 30
 SCORE ≥ 10%
Alto riesgo
 FR marcado
 CT > 310 mg/dl
 TA > 180/100 mm Hg
 DM (Excepto DM-1 sin FR)
 Filtrado glomerular 30-59
 SCORE ≥ 5 % y <10%
Riesgo moderado
 SCORE ≥ 5 % y <10%
Generalidades
Aterosclerosis subclínica
Afectación multi-territorio
Protección multi-territorio
Conclusiones
Afectación multiterritorio
 Pacientes con aterosclerosis no coronaria
 Mismo riesgo de enfermedad coronaria clínica que pacientes con
enfermedad coronaria
Guías ESC 2016
Prevención CV
Muy alto riesgo
 Enfermedad CV
 Clínica
 Imagen (Placas; no GIM)
 DM con:
 LOD
 Otro FRCV (HTA, Tab, HL)
 Filtrado glomerular < 30
 SCORE ≥ 10%
Alto riesgo
 FR marcado
 CT > 310 mg/dl
 TA > 180/100 mm Hg
 DM (Excepto DM-1 sin FR)
 Filtrado glomerular 30-59
 SCORE ≥ 5 % y <10%
Riesgo moderado
 SCORE ≥ 5 % y <10%
Fernández-Friera L et al. The PESA study. Circulation. 2015 Jun 16;131(24):2104-13.
Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis Study
Fernández-Friera L et al. The PESA study. Circulation. 2015 Jun 16;131(24):2104-13.
Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis Study
• Presence of iliofemoral disease was more
strongly correlated with aortic disease and
CAC than with carotid disease
• Having disease in the iliofemorals
corresponds to a 70% probability of finding
disease in any other territory
• The absence of plaque in the iliofemorals
confers a 67% probability of being disease
free in the other vascular territories
Influence of Diabetes on the
Incidence of CV Death, MI or Stroke
REACH1: Patients with diabetes are at
heightened risk of CV death, MI or stroke
APOLLO2: ~1 in 4 patients with diabetes,
event-free for 1 year post-MI, suffered MI,
stroke or CV death within 3 years*
23
*Adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, >1 MI and renal disease
1. Cavender MA et al. Circulation 2015 2015;132:923–931
2. Janzon, M. et al. JACC 2015 [Poster]
16,9
26,0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Patients without diabetes
(n=32,477)
Patients with diabetes
(n=12,516)
Cumulative3-yearincidenceofCV
death,MIorstroke(%)
Diabetes (known atherothrombosis, prior ischaemic event)
Diabetes (known atherothrombosis subpopulation)
Diabetes (overall registry population)
Diabetes (known atherothrombosis,
no prior ischaemic event)
No diabetes (overall registry population)
Diabetes (risk factors only subpopulation)
10 20 30 40 500
0
5
10
15
20
25
AdjustedcumulativeincidenceofCV
death,MIorstroke(%)
Months
Shah AD et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015 Feb;3(2):105-113.
Tropismos de los FRCV
HL se asocia a enfermedad cerebrovascular
Hutter CM, et al. Am J Epidemiol 2004;160:430–435
Mabuchi H, et al. Atherosclerosis 1986;61:1–6.
Kroon AA, et al. J Intern Med. 1995 Nov;238(5):451-9.
Coronary Heart Disease,
Peripheral Arterial Disease
and Stroke in Familial
Hypercholesterolaemia:
Insights from the
SAFEHEART Registry
Pérez de Isla et al. Ongoing evaluation
Generalidades
Aterosclerosis subclínica
Afectación multi-territorio
Protección multi-territorio
Conclusiones
CTT Collaborators. Lancet. 2005; 366:1267 -78
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Reducción de colesterol LDL (mmol/L); 1 mmol @ 40 mg/dl
Reduccióndeeventosvasculares
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
ANTIAGREGACIÓN
 Ticagrelor en pacientes con diferentes manifestaciones de enfermedad CV
 5 ensayos clínicos:
 Controlados
 Con resultados clínicos cardiovasculares
 Representando manifestaciones de afectación de diferentes territories
arteriales
THE PARTHENON PROGRAM
THE PARTHENON PROGRAM
THE PARTHENON PROGRAM
PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Primary Endpoint
(MI, stroke or CV death)
P<0.026 indicates statistical significance; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio
Bonaca MP et al. N Engl J Med 2015;372:1791–1800
No. at risk
Placebo
90 mg bid
60 mg bid
7067
7050
7045
6979
6973
6969
6892
6899
6905
6823
6827
6842
6761
6769
6784
6681
6719
6733
6508
6550
6557
6236
6272
6270
5876
5921
5904
5157
5243
5222
4343
4401
4424
3360
3368
3392
2028
2038
2055
Eventrate(%)
Months from randomization
Ticagrelor 60 mg bid vs placebo
HR 0.84 (95% CI 0.74–0.95) P=0.004
Ticagrelor 90 mg bid vs placebo
HR 0.85 (95% CI 0.75–0.96) P=0.008
Placebo
Ticagrelor 90 mg bid
Ticagrelor 60 mg bid
9.04% placebo
7.85% 90 mg bid
7.77% 60 mg bid
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Estudios PEGASUS vs DAPT
PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Ticagrelor in
Patients with Prior MI and PAD
Efficacy and safety of ticagrelor as long-term secondary
prevention in patients with prior myocardial infarction and
peripheral artery disease
PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Primary Endpoint
(CV Death, MI or Stroke) in the Placebo Arm,
by Baseline PAD Diagnosis
Bonaca MP et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.524
CVdeath,MIorstroke(%)
0
5
10
15
20
25
Days from randomization
0 180 360 540 720 900 108090 270 450 630 810 990
Patients with PAD
N=404
19.3%
Patients without PAD
N=6663
8.4%
PAD vs no PAD
Unadjusted HR 2.46 (95% CI 1.92–3.15) P<0.001
Adjusted HR 1.60 (95% CI 1.20–2.13) P=0.0013
No. at risk
Patients with PAD
Patients without PAD
404
6663
384
6508
367
6394
344
6159
309
5567
223
4120
104
1924
PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Efficacy Endpoints
at 3 Years in the Placebo Arm,
by Baseline PAD Diagnosis
Bonaca MP et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.524
KMrateat3years(%)
0
4
8
12
14
16
2
6
10
CVD Myocardial
infarction
Stroke All-cause mortality
HR
(95% CI)
P value
3.32
(2.30–4.79)
P<0.001
1.93
(1.35–2.75)
P<0.001
2.80
(1.68–4.67)
P<0.001
3.16
(2.35–4.27)
P<0.001
No PAD (N=6663)
PAD (N=404)
3.0%
9.6%
5.0%
9.5%
1.8%
4.0%
4.6%
14.0%
PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Bleeding Endpoints
at 3 Years in the Placebo Arm,
by Baseline PAD Diagnosis
Bonaca MP et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.524
KMrateat3years(%)
0
4
8
12
14
16
2
6
10
TIMI major bleeding TIMI major/minor bleeding ICH or fatal bleeding
HR
(95% CI)
P value
1.47
(0.53–4.07)
P=0.46
1.67
(0.72–3.85)
P=0.23
2.05
(0.62–6.76)
P=0.24
No PAD (N=6663)
PAD (N=404)
1.0%
1.6% 1.4%
2.2%
0.6%
1.3%
PEGASUS-TIMI 54 PAD Analysis:
Primary Endpoint (CV Death, MI or Stroke)
CVdeath,MIorstroke(%)
0
5
10
15
20
25
Days from randomization
0 180 360 540 720 900 108090 270 450 630 810 990
No PAD
ARR 1.0%
NNT 100
19.3%
15.2%
8.4%
7.4%
PAD
ARR 4.1%
NNT 25
P-interaction 0.41
PAD
No PAD
HR 0.75
95% CI 0.55–1.01
HR 0.86
95% CI 0.77–0.96
Benefit of ticagrelor (pooled)
by PAD at baseline
Ticagrelor pooled doses
Placebo
ARR, absolute risk reduction; NNT, number needed to treat
Bonaca MP et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.524
PEGASUS-TIMI 54 PAD Analysis:
Conclusions
• Pacientes post IAM + PAD tienen alto riesgo a largo plazo de
sufrir eventos aterotrombóticos
• Ticagrelor (60 mg bid) + AAS reduce los eventos
aterotrombóticos comparado con AAS solo
• Análisis post-hoc muestran:
– Reducción muerte CV
– Reducción mortalidad cualquier causa
1. Bonaca MP et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.524
2. Patel MR et al. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 2015; 22: 734–742
EUCLID study design
Primary endpoint: Cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction
or ischaemic stroke
Key inclusion criteria:
Established PAD
defined as:
• Prior lower extremity
revascularization
>30 days
OR
• No prior lower
extremity
revascularization
but symptomatic
PAD with ABI ≤0.80
at enrolment
Key exclusion
criteria:
• Poor metabolizer
for CYP2C19
• Need for DAPT
• Revascularization
or amputation
planned in next
3 months
Patients (>50 years) with symptomatic PAD
Ticagrelor
90 mg bid
Clopidogrel
75 mg od
N ~ 13,500
Follow-up visits at 2, 6, 12 months;
every 6 months after first year
Telephone visits at 3-month intervals between regular visits
1:1
Double-blind
Double-dummy
Berger JS et al. Am Heart J 2016;175:86–93
PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Ticagrelor in
Patients with Prior MI and Diabetes
Efficacy and safety of ticagrelor as long-term secondary
prevention in patients with prior myocardial infarction
and diabetes mellitus
PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Atherothrombotic Event
Rates in the Placebo Arm Stratified by
Diabetes Status
• Pacientes con DM-2 tienen una tasa más alta de eventos
aterotrombóticos que pacientes sin DM-2
*Indicates nominal P value
Bhatt DL et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.529
Diabetes No diabetes HRadj (95% CI) P value
CV death, MI or stroke (%) 11.60% 7.83% 1.45 (1.22–1.73) <0.001*
CV death (%) 4.97% 2.64%
MI (%) 6.51% 4.66%
Stroke (%) 2.46% 1.70%
CVdeath,MIorstroke(%)
0
5
10
15
Time in days
0 180 360 540 720 900 1080
2257 2190 2129 2042 1862 1375 644
4549 4426 4320 4172 3794 2824 1302
4810 4702 4632 4461 4014 2968 1384
9545 9375 9232 8931 8030 6001 2791
Number at risk:
Diabetes placebo
Diabetes ticagrelor pooled
No diabetes placebo
No diabetes ticagrelor pooled
Diabetes placebo
Diabetes ticagrelor pooled
No diabetes placebo
No diabetes ticagrelor pooled
ITT population
11.6%
10.1%
7.8%
6.7%
PEGASUS-TIMI 54 Diabetes Analysis:
Primary Endpoint (CV Death, MI or Stroke)
Bhatt DL et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.529
PEGASUS-TIMI 54 Diabetes Analysis: Summary (1)
• Pacientes post IAM + DM-2 tienen alto riesgo a largo
plazo de sufrir eventos aterotrombóticos
• Ticagrelor + AAS reduce los eventos aterotrombóticos
comparado con AAS con/sin DM-2
• Ticagrelor + AAS aumenta sangrado comparado con
AAS con/sin DM-2 (pero muy baja incidencia de HIC y
Hemorragia mortal)
• Resultados similares pero a 12 meses en PLATO
*Indicates nominal P value. ARR, absolute risk reduction; NNT, number needed to treat
Bhatt DL et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.529
THEMIS
Nuevas evidencias de ticagrelor a largo plazo en
pacientes DM-2 y alto riesgo de eventos CV
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01991795
FT Brilique
Generalidades
Aterosclerosis subclínica
Afectación multi-territorio
Protección multi-territorio
Conclusiones
Excelencia en el manejo de la cardiopatía isquémica
@leopisla

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La enfermedad aterosclerótica en cardiología: particularidades y novedades

  • 1. Excelencia en el manejo de la cardiopatía isquémica La enfermedad aterosclerótica en cardiología particularidades y novedades Dr. Leopoldo Pérez de Isla Hospital Clínico San Carlos Madrid
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  • 5. Moura et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Feb 6;49(5):554-61
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  • 8. Edad Sexo Factores de riesgo cardiovascular No modificables Modificables Tabaquismo Diabetes Hipertensión arterial Colesterol Sedentarismo Obesidad …
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  • 11. Caso clínico  Varón de 67 años  Asintomático salvo dolor ciático  Al realizar CRM para valorar posible hernia discal se descubre neoplasia renal… ES UNA PERSONA SANA NO DEBO TRATARLE
  • 12. Caso clínico  Varón de 45 años  Asintomático  En análisis rutinario es diagnosticado de infección por VIH… ES UNA PERSONA SANA NO DEBO TRATARLE
  • 16. Esperar signos y síntomas claros de enfermedad coronaria antes del tratamiento no está justificado De alguna manera, la aparición de síntomas de enfermedad puede ser visto como un fallo médico más que como el punto de inicio de un tratamiento William B. Kannel
  • 17. Guias ESC 2016 Prevención CV Muy alto riesgo  Enfermedad CV  Clínica  Imagen (Placas; no GIM)  DM con:  LOD  Otro FRCV (HTA, Tab, HL)  Filtrado glomerular < 30  SCORE ≥ 10% Alto riesgo  FR marcado  CT > 310 mg/dl  TA > 180/100 mm Hg  DM (Excepto DM-1 sin FR)  Filtrado glomerular 30-59  SCORE ≥ 5 % y <10% Riesgo moderado  SCORE ≥ 5 % y <10%
  • 19. Afectación multiterritorio  Pacientes con aterosclerosis no coronaria  Mismo riesgo de enfermedad coronaria clínica que pacientes con enfermedad coronaria
  • 20. Guías ESC 2016 Prevención CV Muy alto riesgo  Enfermedad CV  Clínica  Imagen (Placas; no GIM)  DM con:  LOD  Otro FRCV (HTA, Tab, HL)  Filtrado glomerular < 30  SCORE ≥ 10% Alto riesgo  FR marcado  CT > 310 mg/dl  TA > 180/100 mm Hg  DM (Excepto DM-1 sin FR)  Filtrado glomerular 30-59  SCORE ≥ 5 % y <10% Riesgo moderado  SCORE ≥ 5 % y <10%
  • 21. Fernández-Friera L et al. The PESA study. Circulation. 2015 Jun 16;131(24):2104-13. Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis Study
  • 22. Fernández-Friera L et al. The PESA study. Circulation. 2015 Jun 16;131(24):2104-13. Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis Study • Presence of iliofemoral disease was more strongly correlated with aortic disease and CAC than with carotid disease • Having disease in the iliofemorals corresponds to a 70% probability of finding disease in any other territory • The absence of plaque in the iliofemorals confers a 67% probability of being disease free in the other vascular territories
  • 23. Influence of Diabetes on the Incidence of CV Death, MI or Stroke REACH1: Patients with diabetes are at heightened risk of CV death, MI or stroke APOLLO2: ~1 in 4 patients with diabetes, event-free for 1 year post-MI, suffered MI, stroke or CV death within 3 years* 23 *Adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, >1 MI and renal disease 1. Cavender MA et al. Circulation 2015 2015;132:923–931 2. Janzon, M. et al. JACC 2015 [Poster] 16,9 26,0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Patients without diabetes (n=32,477) Patients with diabetes (n=12,516) Cumulative3-yearincidenceofCV death,MIorstroke(%) Diabetes (known atherothrombosis, prior ischaemic event) Diabetes (known atherothrombosis subpopulation) Diabetes (overall registry population) Diabetes (known atherothrombosis, no prior ischaemic event) No diabetes (overall registry population) Diabetes (risk factors only subpopulation) 10 20 30 40 500 0 5 10 15 20 25 AdjustedcumulativeincidenceofCV death,MIorstroke(%) Months
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  • 25. Shah AD et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015 Feb;3(2):105-113.
  • 27. HL se asocia a enfermedad cerebrovascular Hutter CM, et al. Am J Epidemiol 2004;160:430–435 Mabuchi H, et al. Atherosclerosis 1986;61:1–6. Kroon AA, et al. J Intern Med. 1995 Nov;238(5):451-9.
  • 28. Coronary Heart Disease, Peripheral Arterial Disease and Stroke in Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Insights from the SAFEHEART Registry Pérez de Isla et al. Ongoing evaluation
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  • 33. CTT Collaborators. Lancet. 2005; 366:1267 -78 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Reducción de colesterol LDL (mmol/L); 1 mmol @ 40 mg/dl Reduccióndeeventosvasculares 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%
  • 35.  Ticagrelor en pacientes con diferentes manifestaciones de enfermedad CV  5 ensayos clínicos:  Controlados  Con resultados clínicos cardiovasculares  Representando manifestaciones de afectación de diferentes territories arteriales THE PARTHENON PROGRAM
  • 38. PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Primary Endpoint (MI, stroke or CV death) P<0.026 indicates statistical significance; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio Bonaca MP et al. N Engl J Med 2015;372:1791–1800 No. at risk Placebo 90 mg bid 60 mg bid 7067 7050 7045 6979 6973 6969 6892 6899 6905 6823 6827 6842 6761 6769 6784 6681 6719 6733 6508 6550 6557 6236 6272 6270 5876 5921 5904 5157 5243 5222 4343 4401 4424 3360 3368 3392 2028 2038 2055 Eventrate(%) Months from randomization Ticagrelor 60 mg bid vs placebo HR 0.84 (95% CI 0.74–0.95) P=0.004 Ticagrelor 90 mg bid vs placebo HR 0.85 (95% CI 0.75–0.96) P=0.008 Placebo Ticagrelor 90 mg bid Ticagrelor 60 mg bid 9.04% placebo 7.85% 90 mg bid 7.77% 60 mg bid 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
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  • 43. PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Ticagrelor in Patients with Prior MI and PAD Efficacy and safety of ticagrelor as long-term secondary prevention in patients with prior myocardial infarction and peripheral artery disease
  • 44. PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Primary Endpoint (CV Death, MI or Stroke) in the Placebo Arm, by Baseline PAD Diagnosis Bonaca MP et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.524 CVdeath,MIorstroke(%) 0 5 10 15 20 25 Days from randomization 0 180 360 540 720 900 108090 270 450 630 810 990 Patients with PAD N=404 19.3% Patients without PAD N=6663 8.4% PAD vs no PAD Unadjusted HR 2.46 (95% CI 1.92–3.15) P<0.001 Adjusted HR 1.60 (95% CI 1.20–2.13) P=0.0013 No. at risk Patients with PAD Patients without PAD 404 6663 384 6508 367 6394 344 6159 309 5567 223 4120 104 1924
  • 45. PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Efficacy Endpoints at 3 Years in the Placebo Arm, by Baseline PAD Diagnosis Bonaca MP et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.524 KMrateat3years(%) 0 4 8 12 14 16 2 6 10 CVD Myocardial infarction Stroke All-cause mortality HR (95% CI) P value 3.32 (2.30–4.79) P<0.001 1.93 (1.35–2.75) P<0.001 2.80 (1.68–4.67) P<0.001 3.16 (2.35–4.27) P<0.001 No PAD (N=6663) PAD (N=404) 3.0% 9.6% 5.0% 9.5% 1.8% 4.0% 4.6% 14.0%
  • 46. PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Bleeding Endpoints at 3 Years in the Placebo Arm, by Baseline PAD Diagnosis Bonaca MP et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.524 KMrateat3years(%) 0 4 8 12 14 16 2 6 10 TIMI major bleeding TIMI major/minor bleeding ICH or fatal bleeding HR (95% CI) P value 1.47 (0.53–4.07) P=0.46 1.67 (0.72–3.85) P=0.23 2.05 (0.62–6.76) P=0.24 No PAD (N=6663) PAD (N=404) 1.0% 1.6% 1.4% 2.2% 0.6% 1.3%
  • 47. PEGASUS-TIMI 54 PAD Analysis: Primary Endpoint (CV Death, MI or Stroke) CVdeath,MIorstroke(%) 0 5 10 15 20 25 Days from randomization 0 180 360 540 720 900 108090 270 450 630 810 990 No PAD ARR 1.0% NNT 100 19.3% 15.2% 8.4% 7.4% PAD ARR 4.1% NNT 25 P-interaction 0.41 PAD No PAD HR 0.75 95% CI 0.55–1.01 HR 0.86 95% CI 0.77–0.96 Benefit of ticagrelor (pooled) by PAD at baseline Ticagrelor pooled doses Placebo ARR, absolute risk reduction; NNT, number needed to treat Bonaca MP et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.524
  • 48. PEGASUS-TIMI 54 PAD Analysis: Conclusions • Pacientes post IAM + PAD tienen alto riesgo a largo plazo de sufrir eventos aterotrombóticos • Ticagrelor (60 mg bid) + AAS reduce los eventos aterotrombóticos comparado con AAS solo • Análisis post-hoc muestran: – Reducción muerte CV – Reducción mortalidad cualquier causa 1. Bonaca MP et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.524 2. Patel MR et al. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 2015; 22: 734–742
  • 49. EUCLID study design Primary endpoint: Cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or ischaemic stroke Key inclusion criteria: Established PAD defined as: • Prior lower extremity revascularization >30 days OR • No prior lower extremity revascularization but symptomatic PAD with ABI ≤0.80 at enrolment Key exclusion criteria: • Poor metabolizer for CYP2C19 • Need for DAPT • Revascularization or amputation planned in next 3 months Patients (>50 years) with symptomatic PAD Ticagrelor 90 mg bid Clopidogrel 75 mg od N ~ 13,500 Follow-up visits at 2, 6, 12 months; every 6 months after first year Telephone visits at 3-month intervals between regular visits 1:1 Double-blind Double-dummy Berger JS et al. Am Heart J 2016;175:86–93
  • 50. PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Ticagrelor in Patients with Prior MI and Diabetes Efficacy and safety of ticagrelor as long-term secondary prevention in patients with prior myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus
  • 51. PEGASUS-TIMI 54: Atherothrombotic Event Rates in the Placebo Arm Stratified by Diabetes Status • Pacientes con DM-2 tienen una tasa más alta de eventos aterotrombóticos que pacientes sin DM-2 *Indicates nominal P value Bhatt DL et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.529 Diabetes No diabetes HRadj (95% CI) P value CV death, MI or stroke (%) 11.60% 7.83% 1.45 (1.22–1.73) <0.001* CV death (%) 4.97% 2.64% MI (%) 6.51% 4.66% Stroke (%) 2.46% 1.70%
  • 52. CVdeath,MIorstroke(%) 0 5 10 15 Time in days 0 180 360 540 720 900 1080 2257 2190 2129 2042 1862 1375 644 4549 4426 4320 4172 3794 2824 1302 4810 4702 4632 4461 4014 2968 1384 9545 9375 9232 8931 8030 6001 2791 Number at risk: Diabetes placebo Diabetes ticagrelor pooled No diabetes placebo No diabetes ticagrelor pooled Diabetes placebo Diabetes ticagrelor pooled No diabetes placebo No diabetes ticagrelor pooled ITT population 11.6% 10.1% 7.8% 6.7% PEGASUS-TIMI 54 Diabetes Analysis: Primary Endpoint (CV Death, MI or Stroke) Bhatt DL et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.529
  • 53. PEGASUS-TIMI 54 Diabetes Analysis: Summary (1) • Pacientes post IAM + DM-2 tienen alto riesgo a largo plazo de sufrir eventos aterotrombóticos • Ticagrelor + AAS reduce los eventos aterotrombóticos comparado con AAS con/sin DM-2 • Ticagrelor + AAS aumenta sangrado comparado con AAS con/sin DM-2 (pero muy baja incidencia de HIC y Hemorragia mortal) • Resultados similares pero a 12 meses en PLATO *Indicates nominal P value. ARR, absolute risk reduction; NNT, number needed to treat Bhatt DL et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.529
  • 54. THEMIS Nuevas evidencias de ticagrelor a largo plazo en pacientes DM-2 y alto riesgo de eventos CV https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01991795
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  • 58. Excelencia en el manejo de la cardiopatía isquémica @leopisla