a compilation of infos abt musculatory system from various sources

2. What does the Musulatory System do?
• The muscular system is the body's network of
tissues that controls movement both of the
body and within it (such as the heart's pumping
action and the movement of food through the gut).
Movement is generated through the
contraction and relaxation of specific
muscles.

3. The major functions of the muscular system are:
• 1. Body movement due to the contraction of skeletal muscles
• 2. Maintenance of posture also due to skeletal muscles
• 3. Respiration due to movements of the muscles of the thorax
• 4. -Production of body heat, which is necessary for the maintenance
of body temperature, as a byproduct of muscle contraction
• 5. -Communication, such as speaking and writing, which involve
skeletal muscles
• 6. -Constriction of organs and vessels, especially smoother
muscles that can move solids and liquids in the digestive tract and other
secretions, including urine, from organs
• 7. -Heart beat caused by the contraction of cardiac muscle that
propels blood to all parts of the body
• 8. -Shock Absorption; The muscular network of the body forms a
padding for the skeletal framework, thereby protecting the vital internal
organs.

4. The muscular system in your body is
composed of
• Skeletal muscle • smooth muscle is
attaches primarily to found in your blood
your skeleton and vessels, eyes, hair
moves voluntarily or follicles and the walls
by reflex. of hollow organs like
• Cardiac muscle your stomach and
intestines. Also
is the muscle of your moves involuntarily
heart and contracts
involuntarily.

5. The Skeletal Muscle
• Skeletal muscles are attached • make up about 40% of the
to bones by tough, fibrous body's mass or weight.
connective tissue called
tendons • They stabilize joints, help
• The primary function of maintain posture, and give
skeletal muscle is to produce the body its general shape
voluntary gross and fine
movements to keep you alive
• The abdominal muscles and
the muscles of your lower
back help to protect your vital
organs.

6. Smooth Muscle
• found lining the intestinal smooth muscles in your
walls, stomach, lungs and arteries contract to push
other hollow organs the blood throughout the
• they are controlled by the blood vessel systems in your
autonomous nervous body, ultimately pushing
system the blood from your
• The involuntary arterioles into your
contractions in your capillaries to return back to
stomach and intestines aid the heart. Regulates Blood
in digestion and in moving • Most of the digestive and
the food along your excretory organs have
digestive tract, ultimately smooth muscular tissue, so
directing indigestible these organs can be said to
substances to your rectum make up the muscular
• When your heart contracts, system.
your arteries expand to
accept the blood. The

7. Cardiac Muscle
• The heart is actually a 650 muscles found in
muscle, known as the the human body and is
cardiac muscle. one of the strongest.
• Your heart is responsible • The heart is made up
for receiving blood back exclusively of cardiac
from your muscles, tissues and is one of the
pumping it into your most muscular organs in
lungs, receiving the the body, beating at an
blood from the lungs average of 72 times per
then pumping it out into minute (or appro-
your arteries to supply ximately 3.5 billion times
your entire body during a lifetime
• The heart is only one of

8. The optimal functioning of your
muscles depends on several organs.
• Estrogen • Kidneys
is secreted by the ovaries and Healthy kidneys keep the acid-base
stimulates the growth of smooth balance in a range ideal for the
muscle lining the reproductive tract, metabolic reactions on which muscle
whereas testosterone, secreted contraction depends
primarily by the testes, promotes • Brain
skeletal-muscle growth, according to The brain's sensorimotor cortex and
"Human Physiology, brainstem transmit impulses via two
• Spleen neural pathways that maintain
Without well-functioning blood, healthy muscle tone, preventing both
muscles would languish.(filters out muscle rigidity and flaccidity
the dead)
• Liver
Keeping muscles supplied with
energy, the liver can feed glucose to
the bloodstream by breaking down
hepatic energy stores,

9. The peripheral nervous system
• consists of two kinds of • The somatic system
neurons known as involves the skeletal
sensory neurons and muscles. It is considered
motor neurons. Sensory to be a voluntary system
neurons are located in since the brain exerts
the sensory organs, such control over movements
as the eye and ear IT can such as writing or
be subdivided into two throwing a ball .
parts • The autonomic nervous
system affects internal
organs, such as the heart,
lungs, stomach, and liver.

11. Did you know?
• Muscles form about 40% of one's body
• The human muscular system spread across the entire
body is controlled by the nervous system of the body
• The human body comprises over 630 muscles, of
which the largest (gluteus maximus) is found in the
buttocks
• The muscles keep working all the time, even when we
are sleeping. It is only when an individual becomes
unconscious, that the body is in a complete state of
muscular rest. Otherwise, the muscles are always
contracting and relaxing.

12. Disorders
• Disorders of the muscular system can be due to genetic,
hormonal, infectious, autoimmune, poisonous, or cancerous
causes.
• But the most common problem associated with this system
is injury from misuse.
• Skeletal muscle sprains and tears cause excess blood to seep
into the tissue in order to heal it.
• The remaining scar tissue leads to a slightly shorter muscle.
• Muscular impairment and cramping can result from a
diminished blood supply.
• Cramping ( very common) can be due to overexertion or .
• Poor blood supply to the heart muscle causes
chest pain called angina pectoris.
• And inadequate ionic supplies of calcium, sodium, or
potassium can adversely effect most muscle cells.

13. Muscular Dystrophy
• Muscular dystrophy is a genetic muscle
disease that makes muscle fibers
abnormally susceptible to damage.
Most types of muscular dystrophy are
caused by the deficiency of a protein
known as dystrophin.

14. Inheritance pattern of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Sons have a 50-
50 chance of inheriting the disorder from their mother if she carries the gene
for it on one of her X chromosomes.

15. Myopathies
• Myopathies are muscle diseases that affect
skeletal muscles and are caused by genetic
problems or metabolic disorders according to
the Neurology Channel. Most types of
myopathies results in weak skeletal muscles
and often develop at a young age.

16. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
• Chronic fatigue syndrome is a syndrome that's
still being researched by physicians and results
in extreme fatigue that doesn't go away with
rest, according to the Mayo Clinic. Symptoms
of chronic fatigue syndrome include loss of
memory, difficulty concentrating, fatigue,
random muscle pain, headaches, unrefreshing
sleep and sore throats.

17. Fibromyalgia
• Fibromyalgia results in widespread pain
throughout every muscle in a person's body.
Approximately 2% of the entire US population
is affected by fibromyalgia. Symptoms of
fibromyalgia include joint tenderness, fatigue
problems, and sleep disturbances.

18. Compartment Syndrome
• Compartment syndrome is an uncommon
exercised induced syndrome and causes pain,
swelling and sometimes disability in person's
legs or arms. Compartment syndrome is more
common among seasoned athletes but can
affect anyone.