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Immigrants N Contribution
- 1. What Part did the Different Immigrants Play in Singaporeâs Development? Date
- 2. Who were the immigrants? †Mostly men †permanent stayers †temporary stayers †1824 - 10683 (31% - Chinese, 60% - Malays, 7% - Indians, 2% - Others) †1931 - 418640 (75% - Chinese, 12% - Malays, 9% - Indians, 4% - Others)
- 3. Push Factors †Natural disasters †Shortage of jobs †Scarcity of food
- 4. Pull Factors †Job opportunities †No natural disasters †Plentiful food supplies
- 5. From Europe Britain, Portugal, Holland
- 6. From China Southern provinces, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan Island Date
- 8. From India and Ceylon Tamils from Madras and Negapatam, Punjabis, Bengalis, Gujeratis, Parsees, Sinhalese Date
- 9. Malay Archipelago Sumatra, Riau-Lingga Archipelago, Javanese, Boyanese, Bugis Date
- 10. From Penang and Melaka Straits Chinese (Peranakans)
- 11. Where do they stay? 1822, Singapore Town Plan
- 12. How did the town plan work? †Jungles were cleared for plantations (gambier, rubber) †Different races to be segregated †Chinese were separated according to their dialect group †kapitan to be appointed to take charge of internal affairs of each community †John Crawfurd undertook the town plan after RafïŹes left in 1823
- 13. Singapore Town Plan, 1822 †Chinatown †Commercial Square (centre of commerce activities) †Chulia Kampong †European Town (Big houses and tree-lined roads) †Kampong Bugis
- 14. Contributions of †Europeans †set up big trading companies and agency houses †sold goods through Chinese middlemen (Straits-born Chinese)
- 15. Contributions of †Chinese †unskilled labourers working at docks and construction sites †Straits Chinese (Middle-men/ coolie agents) provided support services
- 16. Contributions of †Malay †provided basic necessities †gardeners and huntsmen †shipbuilders
- 17. Contributions of †Indians †labourers carrying cargoes at docks, clearing jungles †Chettiars provided banking and transportation services (till 1860s) â€
- 18. Social Impacts †Situation of the immigrants: †Poor and diseased †abused as coolies in the slave trade †secret societies †opium smoking
- 19. Social Impacts †Tan Tock Seng, Syed Mohamed bin Alsagoff †philanthropy acts †Paupersâ Hospital on Pearlâs Hill, 1844 †Thong Chai Medical Institution, 1867
- 20. Social Impacts †Christian missionaries from Europe and America set up schools †Chinese Girlsâ School (St. Margaretâs School)