Poland's Fauna and Flora

1. Typical and exceptional fauna and
flora in Świętokrzyskie Region

2. FLORA OF ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE
„Raj” cave Świętokrzyskie
REGION Landscape
Wiśniówka Lake In
Kielce
Gołoboże, stone
formation
Mountains
peaks

3. FAUNA IN ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE REGION
Deer Boar
Fox
Rabbit
Goshawk

4. Forests in Świętokrzyskie Region
Because of moderate, intermediate climate
(between oceanic and continental) Poland
stand out in Central Europe with the most
diverse and the richest forest biocenose. On
the country area 2300 vascular plants, 600
mosses, 250 Hepaticopsida, 1600 lichens can
be found. In vascular plants group we can find
species from various geographical regions, as
following: Eurasiatic, North-American, Arctic,
Middle-European, West-European, Black-See;
even Mediterranean.
In species structure: pine tree (Pinus
sylvestris) with sporadically occurring larch
covers 70 % of area.
Pinus sylvestris

5. Larix europaea
Although a conifer, the larch is a decidous tree
and loses its leaves in the autumn. The shoots
are dimorphic, with growth divided into long
shoots typically 10–50 centimetres long and
bearing several buds, and short shoots only 1–
2 mm long with only a single bud. The leaves
are needle-like, 2–5 centimetres long, slender
(under 1 cm wide). They are borne singly,
spirally arranged on the long shoots, and in
dense clusters of 20–50 needles on the short
shoots. The needles turn yellow and fall in the
late autumn, leaving the trees leafless through
the winter.

6. Oak
Quercus sp.
Oaks have spirally arranged leaves, with lobed
margins in many species; some have serrated
leaves or entire leaves with smooth margins.
Many deciduous species are marcescent, not
dropping dead leaves until spring. The flowers
are catkins, produced in spring. The fruit is a
nut called an acorn, borne in a cup-like
structure known as a cupule; each acorn
contains one seed (rarely two or three) and
takes 6–18 months to mature, depending on
species. The live oaks are distinguished for
being evergreen, but are not actually a distinct
group and instead are dispersed across the
genus.

7. Birch
Betula sp.
Birch is a broadleaved deciduous hardwood tree of the
genus Betula in the family Betulaceae which also includes
alders, hazels and hornbeams and is closely related to the
beech/oak family, Fagaceae. The genus Betula contains
from 30 to 60 known taxa of which 11 are on the IUCN
2011 Red List of Threatened Species. They are typically
rather short-lived pioneer species widespread in the
Northern Hemisphere particularly in northern temperate
and boreal climates.
tree bark

8. FLORA OF ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE
In relict species (flora specific only for
Poland) following can be mentioned: Larix
polonica, Delphinium oxysepalum,
Dendranthema zawadskii.
Delphinium oxysepalum
In relicts’ species (species disappearing or
from other periods) following can be
mentioned: Dianthus sylvestris, Salix
lapponum, Betula nana, Dryas octopetala,
Saxifraga wahlenbergii.
Betula nana
Dendranthema zawadskii

9. KULON

10. Wolf (Canis lupus)
Wolf (Canis lupus) in Poland abundance is
estimated for 600-700 individuals. These
populations are concentrated in north-east,
middle-east and carpathian part of country.
According to researches, biocenoses in west
part of country may fit twice more.

11. Animals in
Świętokrzyskie region.
The most common amphibians in Świętokrzyskie
region can be found on these sites newt, lizard
viviparous and blindworms. It was here more than
164 species of birds. They live here, including
nutcrackers and wagtails mountain. Among mammals,
the easiest way to meet a tiny shrew, fox, badger,
marten, and weasel forest. Animals represent thick
deer, wild boar, deer and elk. In recent years, the
beaver brought here.