1. {
American
History
Class

2. The war began when Abraham Lincoln, who
opposed the spread of slavery, was elected
President in 1860.

3. Another issue in the war was whether
the states or the federal government
would have more control.

4. Southerners thought state government should be
stronger than Federal government and therefore
able to nullify its laws or secede from the Union.

5. Northerners thought the state government
should be subject to the federal government’s
laws, making it stronger than the states’
government.

6. After Lincoln was elected, 11 southern states
seceded and became the Confederate States of
America with Jefferson Davis as President.

7. The Northern soldiers fought for the
Union. They wanted to keep the nation
together.

8. Southern soldiers
were called
Confederates;
they fought for
their confederation
of states (the
Confederacy).

9. The first shots were fired in
April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, South
Carolina, which was being held by
Union soldiers.

10. More deaths occurred from diseases or poor
medical care than from combat in the war.

11. The 3 day battle of Gettysburg was the last
Confederate invasion of the Union.

12. To turn Union public opinion against the war and to get
badly needed supplies, general Lee invaded Pennsylvania.

13. The meeting of the Union and Confederacy was
unintentional. The armies moved in and made camp
on the neighboring ridges around town.

14. During the 2nd day, the Confederates attacked various
positions around the Union’s ridge with little progress.

15. General Lee decided to
use an all out attack on the
center of the Union line.

16. He started by barraging the hill with cannon fire. Due
to the smoke, the Rebels did not see they had overshot
the enemy.

17. General George
Pickett and
General James
Pettigrew led a
charge up the hill
toward the
waiting Union
army.

18. Confederate Soldiers were
mowed down by Union fire
from the top of the hill.

19. The few soldiers
that made it to the
top were quickly
taken prisoner.

20. The Rebels were soundly
defeated. Each side lost 22,000
men to death, serious wounds
or capture.

21. The loss of men was a greater blow to
the Confederates because they started
with fewer troops.

22. After Gettysburg, with
depleted supplies and
fewer men, the South was
easily subdued by the
Union.

23. April, 1865, brought the Confederate
surrender of Lee’s army at
Appomattox Court House, VA