Qcs-Qadam Cenral Station

by Khawla Taha
Supervision by :
Dr. Amer Jabri
Graduation date :
Feb-3-2013

introduction
History of Al Hijaz

contents

Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site
TheProject Scope targetuser

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
The goal
Getting there ?

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introduction
1-HISTORY OF AL-HIJAZ RAILWAY
2-RECENT SITUATION
3-WHAT ……?????
4-WHY ……..?????
5-HOW……..?????
6- THE SITE .
7-THE PROJECT SCOPE – TARGET USER >
8-SWOT
9-PROJECT COMPONENT
10-ANALYZES
11-THE GOAL
12-GETTING THERE

introduction

Introduction:

History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

Many people use train stations. Where there is a lot of movement you
will find various shops and restaurants, and around stations you will find
some busy streets. Therefore, stations are designed and built to
harmonize well with town and surrounding areas . Town developments
and station buildings are related closely .cuz Stations are the city
interface which reflect its image & its devlopment in front of tourists.


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Analyzes
The goal
Getting there ?

The main priniciple I adopted in the project is “THE STATION IS THE
BUILDING WHERE THE MAN REACTS WITH THE MACHINE”
. In the begining the station was consisted of two separated parts not
commensurate with each other. On the one hand there is the trains
coverage that make up the industrial void, and on the other there is the
part which designed to receive the station passengers, which later
became the link between the urban structure of the city and the railways
Some stations like station in Montreal, Stockholm and other stations are
characterized by its beautiful architecture , special art paintings and
Featured entrance .
Therefore, the most important characteristic of train stations is the
artistic details. he London Underground metro station famous with its
sculpted statues and stucco panels .and that is what I tried to create by
allocated a place to view the last workings of artists & sculptors and add
it to the Qadem station museum to supported the tourism and culture
side .

The History of Al-Hijaz Railway > 1- The Project begining
introduction
of Al - Hijaz History
1- Beginning of the project
2-TheimplementationStage
3-Description of the line
4- Line stations

5-extended the rail line
Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site
The Project Scope -target user

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Analyzes
The goal
Getting there ?

It was the year 1864 when the idea of establishing Hijaz railway was first born on the
hands of Dr. Zambel “An American engineer descending from German origins” that
was during the constructing of Suez Canal that linked Damascus to Red Sea coast.
This suggestion Has not received sufficient attention, But soon it returned to emerge
in 1880 when the Minister of Public Works in Astana provided a broader project that
implies an extension of t his Railway from Damascus to the Saudi Arabia, but the
project was not implemented due to financial difficulties and has remained a dead
letter.
Few years later, in 1900 Syrian lzzet Pasha Abid who was occupying the post of
Secretary-11 to the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid had commemorated the idea again,
when he suggested the implementation of the project to the Sultan, who in turn got
Enthusiastic to it and started a world-wide campaign in the Muslim world focused on
the issue of making it easy for Muslims pilgrims to reach the land of Hijaz.
The project initially faced financial difficulties, including the magnitude of the cost,
estimated at about 3.5 million Ottoman lire at the time of which the Ottoman state
was facing a fierce financial crisis.
Moreover, Sultan Abdul Hamid wanted to confer an Islamic character on his project,
and thus wanted to be established without resorting to foreign sources, therefore,
Sultan appealed to the Islamic world through the secretary "Ezzat Pasha Abid" to
donate to his project. This appeal had immediately got a positive response of the
Muslims worldwide.
After Sultan's decision, two committees were formed to oversee the implementation
of the project. The first one was headed by Abid Pasha, based in Istanbul, and the
other based in Damascus, headed by The Levant governor, where Mukhtar Beck -an
Ottoman engineer- had surveyed the area between Damascus and Medina through
which the railway was passing. This railway tracked -in general- the old road, which
was followed by convoys of Muslims pilgrims.

introduction
4- Line stations

Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

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The goal
Getting there ?

Hijaz Railway
plan
Damascus Medina

The History of Al- Hijaz Railway > 2-The
introduction
4- Line stations

Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

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Analyzes
The goal
Getting there ?

implementation Stage

Railway construction works Hejaz railway line-Keswe-1903
In September 1900 The Work Of
construction started in "Mazirib", Houran
Area, then the Ottoman government
decided to extend the railway line to
Damascus as Damascus- Dar'a rail way,
thus, work began on both sides Damascus
and Mazirib at the same time.

Construction work took about seven years
to the year 1908, as has been done only to
Medina and was scheduled to arrive in
Mecca in the second stage to Jedda and
then to Aden in Yemen as a third stage.
However, this idea has been dismissed.
The Hejaz line costs less the costs of
railway lines in the Ottoman Empire at all,
despite the magnitude of many of its
facilities, the total cost - including trains and
vehicles and other buildings along the line about four million and 283 thousand
Ottoman pounds.
the completion of building the Hijaz
Railway ended at 1908 and the first train
arrived to Medina on August 23, 1908, in a
trip that lasted nearly 55 hours and the
official ceremony was held for the opening
of the railway line a week later for the
anniversary took over Sultan Abdul Hamid
II power.

The History of Al- Hijaz Railway > 3-Description
introduction
4- Line stations

Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

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Getting there ?

of the line

Hijaz Railway did many great services to Muslims
Pilgrims, since pilgrims of Levant and Anatolia
were able to cross the distance from Damascus to
Medina in only five days instead of forty days at
the pat, having in mind that the estimated time
needed for the train to reach Medina was seventytwo hours and the remained five days were spent
stopping at stations and changing locomotives.
the train starts from the station Qadam in Damascus
breaching Gottha tward the south east in the straighter of
Line name
km
the Hauran hill. Passes in the Kessoe village and then
1308
Damascuscrossing Horan hill to reach to Daraa station. Then there
Madina
is Haifaa line which branch from Daraa line then heading
towards the sea. After Daraa station the line moves
35
Om 3’arzatowards the south-east and then south and passes near the
Basra
"Mafraq Castle and Castle Samra.
162
Hayfa-Daraa
the line Cut the Blue River Valley on the bridge and up to
Oman, 223 kilometers from Damascus. After the exit from
17
Hayfa-Aka
Amman the line heading towards the south and then tends
77
Afola-Nablos
towards the east and wraps around parties of Wadi Mujib
and then also heading towards the south and pass near
1599
Total
Khan raisins and Qatraneh ,Hasa and Anza Castle.
Then the line arrive to Ma’an . This city is the middle point of the Hejaz line because they are
away from the terminal on equal dimensions and the station two kilometers away from the city
of Ma'an . After Ma'an line heading towards the south-east and then climb Al-Aqaba . Then the
line arrive to the retained station.
On 1 September of the year 1907 was the fourth section of the line-Hijazi, a section located
between the Ma’an and Tabuk with a length of 331 kilometers. Have been on the same date
celebrate the opening of a new section between Tabuk and Madain Saleh, which lies 955
kilometers from Damascus. After Madain Saleh line arrive to Ela. And then fall to the Hadya
town after Hadya line climb to the Antar stable line and Osman wells and then to Medina,
which rises 700 meters above sea level and about 1320 kilometers from Damascus ..

The History of Al- Hijaz Railway >
introduction
4- Line stations

Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

swot
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Analyzes
The goal
Getting there ?

4 - line stations

‫ 9091ﻡ‬Al Mydan Station

. Al Kadam station is the first. and largest

station on the Railway line. It has the greatest
plant for maintenance of trains and wagons , it
has also "turn table" for locomotives.

After Al Kadam Station, Dar'a Station comes.
It contains a repository of locomotives , small
maintenance factory and "Locomotive
triangle". This station forks to another line that
leads to Haifa then extends to reach Yarmouk,
Valley. ' The third Station on this railway line
is."Amman; where there is a repository of
locomotives maintenance factory and "turn
Table.
Leaving Amman, Ma'an Station Comes next
then Tabuk comes after. All of them contain
depots for locomotives and small
maintenance! factories. The Railway line
continues to march up to benefit the cities,
which contains the second largest repository
modates six steam locomotives.
The last Station ‘ on the Railway line is Medina
Station it has a massive locomotives
warehouse of twelve steam locomotive
capacity, In addition to the largest water tank
on Hijaz Railway. The rest of the stations on
the Railway line are small or medium includes
overnight accommodation for passengers.

‫4091 ﻡ‬

Amman Station

‫ 9091ﻡ‬Tabok Station

‫ 0591ﻡ‬Qadam Station

introduction
4- Line stations

Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
The goal
Getting there ?

5 - extended the rail line

The French company "Cham Hama and extensions" Blag with Ottoman authority to
extend the railway line from Damascus - Hama to Aleppo and to link it with a line
"Damascus shield 185 kilometers," a length of 143 km
the company made abase west of Aleppo, then turned to the station Sham .
first train arrived in Aleppo in 1906, Aleppo has thus contacted with the port of Beirut
via bold Hama _ Homs _ Riyaq and line the narrow Hejaz railway.
The company has the management and investment of the southern railway network
within Syrian territory and axes, namely:
Aleppo - Hama - Homs Akkari, a length of 268 km
Homs short length of 36 km
Serghaya - Damascus - Daraa length of 185 km
After achieving independence in 1946 Iron Syrian state institution brought to invest
axes lines of the Northern railway network, namely:
Aleppo – Al-raai – SquMaydan ekbes length of 166 km
Qamishli – Eaaropea - the Iraqi border, a length of 82 km
In 1955 an agreement was signed for the purchase of the southern sections of the
railway network and annexed to (Syrian State Railway)
In the era of unity between Syria and Egypt emerged as the importance of
establishing a network of railway lines linking
Between the port of Latakia on the Mediterranean and Aleppo and thence to Raqqa,
Deir ez-Zor and Hasakah and Qamishli agricultural production sources.
In 1960, work began to establish that the railway line on the axis of Aleppo _ Raka _
Deir al-Zour _ Hasakah
In 1967 necessary, establish railway line on Tartus _ axis Akkari a length of 42 km
and for the transfer of materials and equipment needed for the construction of a dam
the Euphrates has invested this line in 1969.
In 1975, the railway line was inaugurated between Aleppo and Latakia and put in
investment and a length of 202 km.

introduction
4- Line stations

Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

swot
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The goal
Getting there ?

5 - extended the rail line

And on the axis (Aleppo - tenderness - Deir al-Zour Hasakah - Qamishli) found it necessary to establish a
railway linking the station friendship to the city
of Thawra located on the Euphrates Dam, to the
transfer of equipment and tools
needed to create . the establishment of this link was
accompanied with the construction of the bridge,
which was held on the River Euphrates and the socalled bridge of friendship, and the
establishment of the railway took on the axis (Aleppo
- tenderness - Deir al-Zour -Alhasakah - Qamishli) until
1975 and a length of 547 km.
In 1979, the two sides the Iraqi and Syrian
agreed on Create a new railway line runs from
Baghdad-based - Husayba in Iraq to Abu Kamal - Deir
ez-Zor in Syria and the length ofthis line in Iraqi
territory 376 km
and a length in the Syrian territory with 189
km branches.
The axis (Aleppo - Hama - Homs - Damascus), it is divided into two sections:
The first section of it is a renewal of the railway line between (Aleppo - Hama - Homs)
The second section of it to create a new railway line linking Homs and Damascus.
It was the completion of the renewal lines and create new lines and started running
goods trains travelers toward Damascus in 1983.
Thus evolved the Syrian railway lines reaching length of 2450 km linked to all areas in
Syria From production centers to export ports and design speeds of 120 passenger km
- h and 100 km Shipping - h and weight of these polar axes of 20 tons and serve these
lines diesel electric trains are maintained and modern means of a mechanism lines
and modern equipment.

The Recent Situation >1- General Establishment lines for the Hejaz railway line
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
1-G E lines for Hijaz railway
2-economic projects
3-Qadam Station Museums
4-The Rolling Stock Mus.
5- The Belongings Mus.
6- The Live Museum
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

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and activities

Qdam station now :
1-provinces lines : Qadam –Daraa
2-Suburbs lines : Keswe - Private Universities - Qadam
Atana –Somarea - Qadam
Alhameh-Qodsaea- Zabadane – Qadam
Air port – Qadam

Qadam Station currently offering several activities the most important:
1 - Investment rails with narrow capacity -1050 mm- existing now and also
in case of developed it to capacity -1435 mm- for passenger and
freight within and outside the country to Jordan and to Lebanon.
2- Kadam station includes two main lines:
- Damascus Daraa line - with its branches in a southerly direction
towards the Jordan and was arrive in the past to Medina and called
Hijaz Railway(1900-1908)
-Damascus line Srgaya -old Beirut-Damascus line- 1895 line includes
Damascus Katana 1967
3-Board manufacturing cars and all that can be manufactured in existing
laboratories which are working on the developed it .
4- Implementation of the business of the private and public sectors
according to the possibilities available to the competent professional
workshops _ joinery - Blacksmith - Electricity - Upholstery – Welding.
5-investment properties owned by Qadam Station in the governorates of
Damascus and its countryside and Daraa and In Beirut.

introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
2-economic projects
6- The Live Museum
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
The goal
Getting there ?

The Recent Situation > 2-economic investment projects:
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
2-economic projects

Existing economic investment projects:
1- Samarames Hotel in Victoria - Damascus.
2- Hamed Complex Mall in Daraa.
3- Rahma market in Daraa.
4- Travel centers in the Qadam - Damascus.

6- The Live Museum
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

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Future economic investment projects:
1-Market Project Hijaz and commercial complex (the land of Hijaz
station).
2-Hotel project on the property 748 of Amlak Hejaz railway line.
3-Project to modernize and invest foot station.
4-Project to modernize Hamme Station and to Investment and tourist
complex.
5-Project to modernize Zabadani station and to Investment and tourist
complex.
6- Hotel project in Deraa station.
7-Hotel project in Bosra station.

The goal
Getting there ?

.

The Recent Situation > 3- Qadam Station Museums
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
2-economic projects
6- The Live Museum
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

swot
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The goal
Getting there ?

The public institution for the Hejaz railway line and on the occasion of the centenary
has Established the three museums' living museum - collectibles Museum - Museum
driving and mobile tools.
Museum live: Qadam factor of the Hejaz railway line was run in 1900. To be a center
technology equivalent of Kim Netzer factor in Germany. And the factor depended on
all kinds of heavy maintenance and heavy manufacturing required for the railway in
the Middle East .It is proud of the General Organization for the Hejaz railway line that
the hand of maintenance and operation continued until today to keep the machines
and equipment working alive. It Performs its duties in the heavy and light
maintenance of steam locomotives and wagons. And thus was born the idea of
putting this Factory Heritageuntil the present era in the form of athe (live museum) to
watch history which is still in the case of the tender.
Belongings Museum: Museum was created to collect the assets which are still
working as they were before more than a hundred years that have become part of
Syrian heritage in one place.
The Rolling Stock Museum : the museum was created on factor’s land OF Qadam
station combines locomotives and wagons that important in the history of the Hejaz
railway line some of them rarer in the world .

The Recent Situation > 4- The Rolling Stock Museum
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
2-economic projects

The General establishment of Hijaz Railway owns a collection of archaeological
locomotives and wagons, some of them are the rarest worldwide, such as SLM 1894,
Hartmann 1906 and Jung 1906.
Based on this, a museum has been founded on the location of AIKadam station plants
under the name " The Roll Stock Museum11 , this museum includes the most
important locomotives and wagons in the history of Hijaz Railway.
This location has been chosen for its historical value, as it was- and still is- equipped
for locomotives and wagons, either for maintenance operations or for getting ready for
their regular trips.

6- The Live Museum
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

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The most important reason that distinguishes this Roll Stock Museum from other
museums around the world is Offering the chance of watching many steam
locomotives of age exceeds the hundred years old and still highly efficient performing
their trips under The service of General Establishment of Hijaz Railway, especially the
suburbs trips around Damascus city, during which those locomotives are towing many
wagons that have been recently renovated and put to work. Some of these wagons
are holding the sultanic character with relation to Sultan Abdul Hamid, who used them
during his trips.
A general view of the Museum

The Recent Situation > 4- The Rolling Stock Museum
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
2-economic projects
6- The Live Museum
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

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The goal
Getting there ?

Each locomotive narrates its story through the
identity plate assigned nearby.
Once the visitor to consider its body that reflects
an ancient rich historical inheritance; it would
seem as if he is watching a documentary about its
Biography.
The General establishment of Hijaz Railway,
founding" The Roll Stock Museum ", aims to enrich
the touristic role of Hijaz Railway in Syria and thus
allow for more communication between railways
researchers and amateurs.
One hundred and thirty tow steam locomotive
from multi-sources had worked on Hijaz Railway till
early sixties of the last century.
Processing all kinds of maintenance and.
reconstruction works to steam locomotives and
carriages, the establishment has got the help of
former employees' expertise with the participation
of the establishment qualified team.
A general view of the Museum

Some trains and identifiable by the panel.

The Recent Situation > 5- The Belongings
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
2-economic projects
6- The Live Museum
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

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The goal
Getting there ?

Museum

Al-Hijaz Railway The Belongings Museum
The General Establishment of AlHijaz
Railway has also created a museum for
belongings. It contains many stuff and tools
that belongs to locomotives, wagons, stations
and the plant. Some of them has become a
past of historical value. The rest have proved
being worthwhile as they keep on facilitating
the tasks for the establishment staff.
The set of Hijaz Railway assets is considered
to be the most important and antique one of
Railways worldwide.
These assets, which are still operating with
the same efficiency as they were hundred
years ago, have become a part of the Syrian
Heritage .

The Recent Situation > 5- The Belongings
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
2-economic projects
6- The Live Museum
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

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Museum

This museum contains antique pieces that are still functioning such as;
The set of communication devices that contains fixed and mobile telecommunication.
The set of old- timers that contains clocks, bells in addition to trains-traffic boards and
stations regulators' tools.
The set of administrative and operational works' Items. It contains a range of tickets
printer, schemes of Trains-Traffic, office furniture and medical checkup equipments for
workers.
The Manual and mechanical set of both machines and hand tools such as, manual and
mechanical cranes, wheels crucibles and even wool-carding tools!
The set of archaeological schemes which involves ancient engineering schemes of many
old stations buildings. Also, there are a lot of significant geographical maps that shows
Hijaz Railway track and stations on the line, in addition to numerous historical documents.
By founding the "Belongings Museum", The General establishment of Hijaz Railway aims
to focus on a wonderful part of Syrian railway Heritage, adding to that, paving the way
before all researchers and specialized in railway Heritage to explore.

The Recent Situation > 6- The Live Museum
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
2-economic projects
6- The Live Museum
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

swot
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The goal
Getting there ?

Ottomans; and Germans experts supervised the processing of the first maintenance plant
specialized in 'steam locomotives,,.and passenger carriages in Damas- cuS/ AIKadam
area. This plant was a microcosm of the plant "Kemnitz " in Germany which,,was wellknown as adopting the latest techniques of that age worked on steam/which in turn
underscored the importance and uniqueness of AlKadam plant all over the middle east in
terms of equipments and Experience. It is a cause for pride to mention that all divisions of
this plant are still in service and is working very efficiently so. far, despite of the hundred
years and more since they had entered the work arena. Some machinery are almost
unprecedented at the local level.
Being on this high level of importance, supported by The current administration and on
the occasion of The Centennial Anniversary of Launching All#rjaz Railway; the General
Establishment of AlHijaz Railway has re-processed the major Running sections of the
plant, such as steam, piston, lathes, Blacksmithing and Spilling which are collectively
considered as as integrated centre for the Reconstruction and maintenance of steam and
diesel locomotives, in addition ,to Other sections that worked on the reconstruction of
both wagons of Sultan Abdul Hamid 11 and the Pilgrims wagon.
From this standpoint, the Establishment transformed this outstanding plant with all its
divisions into an Amazing museum to participate the joy of watching admiringly a one
hundred years and more of the continuous ' tender legacy and named it the Live
Museum.

What …… ?? .>
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??

The Nature Of The Project - The Selected Problem.

The nature of the project:
1-Train station «outskirts lines»
2-Metro Station «lines provinces»
3-Shopping center
4-Museums group
5-Cultural and tourist events.

How..??
The site

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The goal
Getting there ?

The problem selected:
1 - the neglect of infrastructure for rail transport.
2 - Lack of a reliable public transport system .
3 - neglect of museums owned by the General Establishment of Hejaz railway line.
4 - a traffic jam on the main roads and the city center. As a result, pollution, noise, and
visual effects resulting from this traffic jam which seriously impair the quality of life in
Damascus.
5 - environmental crisis because of the heavy reliance on the transport by private car
and buses where the rate of pollution increases in the city of Damascus over the
permitted limit. the number of cars that roam the streets of the capital, the more than /
300 / thousand vehicles.

Why …...…?? .> 1-The reason behind

Qadam.
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
The project site
The function
How..??
The site

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The goal
Getting there ?

choosing the project site:

1 – Qadam station is the first and largest station on the Hejaz railway line.
2 - the station placed on the southern outskirts of Damascus.
Qadam station is the southern gate of the capital Damascus.
3 - The Station contains the museums : live museum ,The Rolling Stock Museum and The

Belongings Museum .

Why station outskirts lines.? because of lines suburbs:
“Qadam-keswe – Private Univirsity”
“Qadam-Atana-Somaria “
“ Qadam –Hameh-Qodsaya-Zabadani”
“ Qadam – Airport “
Why Metro station provinces lines.? Because of proposal by the province of Damascus,
the first line will be implemented 'Green Line'
Why shopping mall.? To be the center which serves the residential area surrounding the
«Qadam – Mydan “ and in addition to the station.
Why the museum ..? because of the three museums which existing there .

Why …...…?? .> 2- The reason behind
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
The project site
The function
How..??
The site

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The goal
Getting there ?

Why Trains?

choosing function.

1- Trains are Safer.
2-trains are more energy-efficient and better for the environment.
A) Building a high-speed passenger train would result in saving thousands
barrels of oil .
B)Freight trains are several times more energy-efficient than trucks.
because
1) the rolling resistance of the steel wheels of trains is lower than that of
truck tires on the road.
2) trains encounter less proportional wind resistance than trucks > a train
car is partly shielded from the headwind by the car in front of it.
3) Railroads now move a ton of freight nearly 410 miles for each gallon of
diesel fuel used, A truck, on average, moves a ton of freight about 100
miles for each gallon of diesel fuel, and emits 3 times as much pollution.
C) Trains can carry heavier loads than trucks.
3-Trains carry more people.
4-Trains improve quality of life.

introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
The project site
The function
How..??
The site

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The goal
Getting there ?

choosing function.

Why Station?
1-The latest generation of innovative designs for this building type respond
to the comfort and efficiency of rail travel and explore the station and its
surrounding buildings as an important part of the city’s urban fabric

2-Stations are very convenient

1)You can see a lot of people in the station.
2) Some stations have accommodation facilities such as hotels. They
even have restaurants and shopping centres inside, not to mention the
areas for trains.
3)You can also buy journals, sweets and flowers in the station or on the
platform.

3-Let’s enjoy a great art at station

We usually pass through a station in a hurry. But if we have enough time to
look around the station, we can enjoy cultural activities such as monthly
concerts in there and museums/galleries or theatres next to the station. Not
only are trains starting from stations, but some culture also starts from
there.

4- Public Health

A study found that providing non-emergency medical transportation leads to
a reduction in health care costs.
Providing non- Easy and safe transportation helps people who are unable to
drive due to low income, physical or mental disability, person has asthma.

introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
The project site
The function
How..??
The site

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The goal
Getting there ?

choosing function.

Why Station?
5- Our kids need it

Over the past thirty years, we've designed our streets and developments
more for cars than for people.
That is people have become afraid to walk and to bike, and they're afraid to
let their kids walk and bike. This has made many kids virtual prisoners of
their houses, dependent on adults to chauffeur them to every outside
activity, and affects their socialization
Partly as a result of a huge decline in kids walking and biking to school,
childhood obesity has increased so much
National Institutes of Health warns that this generation will not live as long
as as their parents.
Air pollution from automobile use increases asthma and cancer rates and
shortens children's lives. Our society's infrastructure choices are making
people's lives shorter, not longer.

6-And so do we:

Almost all of us will become unable to drive during the last three years of
our life if we are fortunate to live to old age.
When that time comes for us, what kind of quality of life will we enjoy? How
will we get to our health care appointments?

7- our population is growing
8-Transit helps build efficient economies.

Cities with good public transit spend less money on road maintenance, and
have more money available to meet other needs. These urban areas build
wealth. Good public transit provides a vital economic service. Rail transit is
about four times more energy efficient than the automobile.

How…...…?? .>Solve Problems-The possibility of Working- assumption

the implementing agency.

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The goal
Getting there ?

1 - Enter a rapid transport system based on the railway.
2 - The using of metro lines will improve the quality of your life.
3 - less traffic jam in the city and that means less pollution and noise.
4 - will be the existence of a modern train station is necessary and essential to
the development of the city of Damascus and to attract business and new
business ventures.
5- Incubate the Live museum and the The Rolling Stock Museum
inside the station building and integrating the four activities «Train Station
suburbs - Metro Station provinces - mall - Museums - cultural events Intercity »
which makes the Qadam Central Station building includes everything you need
in Central station building of the capital Damascus ,offers its services at peak
hours for 9,000 people.

Metro lines:

Red Line = 12 km – 23 stations begins from Mezze.
Blue Line= 7 km - 8 stations begins from Qadam station passing through the

center and ends of mountain regions
Gray Line = 5 km -5 stations begin from the south-east and ends mihagren .
Line annular ring= to meet passenger streams - 21 km long -with 17 stations.

Trains Speed and absorbation :

Electric trains 'Metro' speed up to thirty kilometers per hour.
45 thousand passengers per hour.
690,000 to 860,000 passengers per day, according to initial expectations for the
number of passengers.
The owner : The Establishment of the implementation of military construction the province of Damascus.
The implementing agency of the project: the French company Systra.

The Site…………..
introduction
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The goal
Getting there ?

Qadam Station is 2.6 km away from the city center “Marja Square”
And 1.3 km from the southern circinate.
Land Area: 15 hectares.
Properties Location: southern entrance to the city of Damascus .

The Project Scope ……..:
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??

1 - receive all train lines coming from the south of Damascus.
2 - starting all outgoing lines to the north.
3 -Exchange point between surface trains ”suburban trains” and

underground metro lines .
4 - Rehabilitation of the Live museum.
5 - commercial and investment center.

The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
The goal
Getting there ?

The Target User ……..:
1 - college students.
2 - the owners of factories and companies.
3 - tourists.
4 - enthusiasts and rail researchers and passion owners.
5 - engineers and architects.
6 - the residents of the southern provinces.
7 - users.

SWOT ….. :
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Getting there ?

STRENGTH
(helpful)
1-Kadam station is master station in
Damascus.
2- the largest station in Damascus.
3- receiving trains and flights from
South axes.
4- starting trains and flights to North
axes.
5-Located on the southern outskirts
of Damascus.

WEAKNESS
(harmful)
1-Physical state of the
existing blocks is bad.
2-Far from the city center
and public transport.

OPPORTUNITIES
(helpful)
1-the existence of the live museum
helps to stimulate tourism and
investment side that benefits the
station.
2-The blocks of the site need to
rehabilitate.
3-Proposal subway line between the
provinces.
4-The existence two streets limit the
site (East – West)
5-enough space.
6-

THREATS
(harmful)
1-The large size of the
project

The Project Component :
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
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Project Component
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The goal
Getting there ?

Based on a study of the pillars and the results of the main goals of the project
have been extracted Career program, which supports the following key elements:
1 - Train Station.
2 - Metro Station.
3 - a major internal vacuum.
4 - a shopping mall.
5 - In addition to the essential elements in the compound, namely:
- surface Parking
- Underground parking.
- Warehouses.
As a result of the multiple key elements which present in the project resulted in a
study of the importance of those elements and the study of the relationship of
these elements to each other, according to the priority :
1 - primary relationship: is the exchange relationship between the train station and
the subway station through insurance a directly axis from the last pavement to
the last Stairs before access to the metro.
2 - The second relationship: is the relationship between the train station and the
subway on the one hand, and the main inner vacuum from other Hand , so as to
ensure coherence durable and easy clear between the previous items.
3 - The third relationship: is the relationship between the mall with main internal
vacuum in an important relationship where the main inner vacuum is a main link
between the commercial center on the one hand and the train station and the
subway on the other hand.

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Station consists of the following:
1 – passengers Section : _ 1.4 m _ This section contains various events which
is : waiting queries - Travel Agencies - kiosks - health services – Telephone kiosks
- Internet Rooms - medical point - security point - deposit - A representative of
the station - the deposit and receive bags - exits fires this section is a paid area.
2 – ticketing Section : _ 1.4 m _ located in the region opposite of the direct
entrance and includes : tickets VENTS section and staff Break section (with
service rooms).
3 - service management Section : _ 6.4 m_ consists of the managar of the
station, crews administrative rooms , archives, meeting rooms, operating
rooms, computer rooms , printing rooms, multi-purpose, services, security point
«this section located in the latter part of the second floor.
4 - The main vacuum: _ 1.4 m _ is a vacuum which defines the main entry
point for the station and connects the various elements of the project such , this
section is an unpaid area.
5 - the train station: _-5m _ I studied the station level to achieve easy access
to and from the pavements, which is a 3 tracks _ 6 lines
6 – Metro Station : _-16m _ I studied all axes and possible ways to get to the
station. Metro station please connect with the train station by the main vacuum
also connect directly with the plaza in addition to its contacts with parking level
, which is two tracks _4 lines «Daraa – Qadam « Qadam – Daraa «Homs –
Qadam « Qadam - Homs, ».

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The goal
Getting there ?

7 - commercial centre : It is of two types:
1 - commercial plaza, which serves travelers.
2 - mall: _ 6.4 m_ is in a second floor of the project and serves the area of Qadam
and surronding area and can be reached from outside the station , parking area
or through the main inner vacuum .
The mall consists of 150 shop where it is different from each other by the level
and location that is occupied, there is two types , the first one depends on the
strategy of open spaces, the second separates from each other.
Main elements of the commercial center are:
1 – 150 commercial shops which is differrent by location and level .
2 - two areas of restaurants, one on the commercial floor and the other in the
plaza.
3 - bars, cafés and restaurants mild on different parts of the the commercial
center
4 - Parking in the basement level up to 2500 position
5 - Super Market opens 24-hour exists in the the basement level .
6- Games hole - Pauling - Billiards - games for kids.
7 - the basement Contains on the warehouses that serve the the train station and
the commercial center.
8- Car Parking: which is about four-storeis under the surface of the earth , and
the surface parking which is two sections _ private cars parking _ the public
transport parking «Taxi _ Busses Internal transport _ students transport _ staff
transport.

Analyzes …..: > 1- The railways in Damascus
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
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Project Component
Analyzes
1-Railways - Damascus
2-Inner Vacuum
3-The Intervention of L M
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

.

Syrian railway lines belonging to the General Establishment to Syrian railways ministry of transport
According to the plan of Damascus noticed the exictence of one main station that
dedicated to passengers which is Qadam station in the southern region of the city, due
to existing maintenance in Hijaz station located in the historical heart of the city.
Qadam station receiving trains and flights coming from all over Syria to cover the
axes North and South and East, for the lines of the South, this station is doing the ideal
role because of existence in the southern region of the city, as we mentioned earlier,
especially with the possibility of arrival these lines to the Hijaz station in the future so
that Hijaz station will become an end station of the line for the surface trains and
exchange station between the surface trains on the one hand and subway trains on the
other.
For the lines of the Northern and Eastern, the trains on these lines reach to the northeastern border of the city and don’t entering the city, so these lines move around the
city of Damascus from the north-eastern region to the southern city of Damascus to
reach the Qadam station followed Hijaz ,this process takes on average 45 minutes.
Based on the earlier idea was
suggested establish a new train station
in the northeastern region of the city
to accommodate all passenger trains
in order to reduce the travel time and
in this case the city of Damascus will
has, two major stations which
commensurate with the southern and
northern entrances to the city (Kaboun
train station north – Qadam train
station and the Hijaz - south) with
confirmation connect the two stations
together with the different types of
transport as well as connect stations
with city center.

3

2

4

introduction
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2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

.

Damascus Metro study belonging to the province of Damascus:
Given the state of traffic jams experienced by the city of Damascus
resulting of the increased number of cars with the future expectation of
increase their numbers and an emphasis on the concept of mass transit,
since the seventies suggested the existence of underground trains in the
city of Damascus and the Russian company started studying this project,
but this project has not been implemented .
Currently there is a new study onthis topic carried out by the French
company Systra this project is belonging to the province of Damascus.
This study suggests the establishment of a group of subway lines in the
city of Damascus .these lines differ from each other in length,
occupations and regions covered , by knowing that the first of these lines
will be the Green Line, which is expected to be completed for its
implementation in 2017.

introduction
History of Al Hijaz
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The site

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Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

.

Green Line:
Is the first metro lines, which will be implemented. the Green Line will connect between
the two parties of Damascus- the north-eastern,and the south-western. the line extends
from Al-Moadamya west, where will be establishing facilities an area of about 15
hectares for overnight subway trains and maintenance it , followed Garage Sumeria and
Mezze military airport “with the possibility to convert it to a civilian airport” then Mezze
Highway where there is high population density in the region with having many
government installations such as the Ministry of Justice - Directorate of communications
- then line up to the Faculty of Arts- a student dormitory–Al-Umayyad Square engineering University - Garage Baramka where is expected to establish the highest twin
towers in Syria in that region.
Then the line Continues to the Hijaz station to
reach after the Kassa'a residential,Thawra square
,Tahrir square, down to the Kaboun followed the
Kaboun station. the Green Line confirms through
this axis to cover all occupancies in the city of
municipal, residential ,commercial, governmental
and emphasizes the linking between them and
confirm the concept of mass transit

Analyzes …..: > 2- The Inner Vacuum .
introduction
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2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

The beginning Was from the code -selected the long of the
pavements, depending on the quality and speed of the trains which
used - 300 m lengthTrain speed 30-70km/h
3tracks – 6 lines
35thousand passengers per hour

introduction
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Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

Railway lines currently in Qadam station is in 'zero level'
When the live museum was also in the same level _that led to cut the
Optical axis to live museum from the entrance.

introduction
History of Al Hijaz
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2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

Which made me resort to lowering Railway level to -5 m and raise the
level of entrance to +1.4 m .. To achieve the desired height of the
movement of trains.

introduction
History of Al Hijaz
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swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

We get the level of railway “-5m”
entrance level “+1.4 m”
Height between the two levels “6.4”

introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
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The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
What..??
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swot
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Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

To make a comfortable and smooth movement

introduction
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2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

To achieve smooth movement - stripping the movement of trains
Resulted in our internal open space component of the intersection of
the two ellipses – which are making the desired goals.

introduction
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2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

The idea of an internal vacuum configuration applied for:
1 - the station is a building which humans interact with the machine, so I
resorted to make the movement of the machine is an abstract and invisible to the
eye and the travelers in the suburban train station, metro station or building the
live museum.
2 - to make the movement of travelers comfortable and smooth to navigate
through the escalators and sidewalks, as well as to and from the mall.
3 - employment The resulting shape « in the traveling movement smoothly plus
to its contribution in distribution of voids and internal departments.

introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
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The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

It has employed the sides of one ellipse to be 'green corridor' to
arrive travellers to and from escalators and from them to the
sidewalks.
The other sides of the ellipse is a hanging bridge overlooking the live
museum and the commercial Plaza and other inner emptiness output.

Analyzes …..: >
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
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The site

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Project Component
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2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

3-The Intervention of Live Museum .

The live museum consists of three volumes , in the middle there is a
vaccum .
To maintain this broom and configure the output vacuum which Sponsor
from that volumes , it had been Wrapping the vacuum .
To keep the transparency of inner vacuum without hurting the clean volume
. Or change its features.

Analyzes …..: >
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
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The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?


Embodiment of the principle of «station is the building, which reacts in the
man with the machine» was introduced bridge up +3 m extends from the
level of access to the inside of the live museum _ to activate the idea of the
museum and the development of the tourism side_ and to achieve easy
access to and from the museum and to make maintenance of locomotives
and old Trailers and manufacture invisible «over the introduced bridge .
This overlap two constructions« metal for the bridge and stone for live
museum, which supports the idea of mixing old and new in several respects.
The bridge also helps to reach the glazed inner vaccum that used to be a
multi-purpose hall "Orchestra plays - Exhibition of the work of artists and
sculptors"

Analyzes …..: >
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The site

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Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?


Volumetric composition as it is with the addition of transparancy glazed
wrapping in the middle

Analyzes …..: >
introduction
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The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?


In front of the live museum block has been found a commercial plaza to serve
the travelers across the two terminals and to complement the live museum
facade _ where it has been using the same broom at the facade of the museum
and replicated it in the plaza facades
Which is about two floors below ground level.

Analyzes …..: >


introduction
History of Al Hijaz
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The site

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Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum

Live museum plan

4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

Live museum facade

Commercial plaza section

Analyzes …..: >
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

4-The Coverage .

Railway lines
3 tracks - 6 lines

Analyzes …..: >
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
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The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

4-The Coverage .

Border to be covered

Analyzes …..: >
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Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

4-The Coverage .

Primitive Imaginary form of coverage.

Analyzes …..: >
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2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

4-The Coverage .

The coverage consists of 19 square sections revolve from each revolve by 5
degrees.
Inspired by the decoration used in the architecture of old Damascus. –two
“Squares orbiting of each other 45 degrees “
Square Sections were to take advantage of them to be element structural pregnant.
And make it 19 clip only the number of the doors of the live museum .
Actually appears a half box above the ground's surface. Which makes the station
code isosceles triangle repeated 19 times.

Analyzes …..: >
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
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WHY ..??
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The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

4-The Coverage .

The output size .. It has been coverage with a The network of glass and metal.
The sections are Widening in the middle to achieved the coverage of
functional spaces for station.

Analyzes …..: >
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
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The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

4-The Coverage .

Was to take advantage of the train’s speed of putting sensors 300 meters
away from the station generates electricity resulting from the movement of
trains and utilized in moving the units that have been covered roof coverage.
Result: make the movement of trains reflected on the station and visible. That
the station is the interface and the southern city gate.
Closed units

Analyzes …..: >
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
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The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

4-The Coverage .

Semi-open units

Analyzes …..: >
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The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

open units .

4-The Coverage .

Analyzes …..: >
introduction
History of Al Hijaz

4-The Coverage .

sections

Recent Situation
What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

The coverage is divided into three segments sections.the two sides represent
the facade to cover up were made mostly of glass to be visible inside the
station and the upper part is a movement units of light material moving when
the train enters the station....

Analyzes …..: >
introduction

5-The General Site .
.Live museum facade

History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
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WHY ..??
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The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

Module of the live museum façade was used in the commercial market façade
shaded

Analyzes …..: >
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation


It was drilled down to -5 m level in order to exploit the site to be a place to
meet cultural , recreational and commercial events and add to the Tourism and
cultural status of the project

What..??
WHY ..??
How..??
The site

swot
Project Component
Analyzes
2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?

Was created four terraces rise to overlooking of the live museum and
archaeological trains. It were exploiting levels to open commercial shops

Analyzes …..: >
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The site

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2-Inner Vacuum
4-The Coverage
5-The General Site
The goal
Getting there ?


to take advantage of the Terraces to access to the Belongings museum and
the live museum and connectivity with him so was reduced the height in
two specific places.

The GOAL :
introduction
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The goal
Getting there ?

1- The Qadam Station is the biggest& busiest railway station in

Damascus.
2- It Will be the southern gate of Damascus.The first destination for
tourists.
3- Thousands of passengers depart and arrive from Qadam Station
each month.
4- Qadam station connect the Qadam region with the centre ciry .
5- The station also provides services for Midan & Qadam Zone .
6- It will be a vacuum reacts to the man with the machine
which is reflected in its design.
7- It creates a new identity for the south entrance to the city.
8- When you are traveling through Qadam Station, you will find the
essential amenities of any train station including the ticket
information counter, telephones, transport police, trolleys and
photo booths. BT Wi-Fi, T-Mobile .
9- If you want to grab while you are at the station, you can choose
from a number of Fast food restaurants and drink options. . After
that u can have a cup of coffee, you can also shop at one of the
many retail stores located within the station.

Getting There ….???
introduction
History of Al Hijaz
Recent Situation
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The site

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Project Component
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The goal
Getting there ?

1- Car pick up and set down
The pick-up / set down point is outside the station/surface barking/+four
level barking under ground .
Access to parking through a private road to the station. This road is twoways
2- Taxis
The taxi rank is just outside the station through the station RD , on the lift
of the entrance.
Internal Buses :
Points to leave the buses from several points around the station.
3- Cyclists:
insurance a special corridor for cyclists and private parking for bicycles.
4- tramway line:
Marjah - Umayyad - Baramkeh –universities «which has been proposed
to secure access from the center of the capital.
5- station outskirts lines:
The following lines provide access from the suburbs of Damascus to the
station.
“Qadam-keswe – Private Univirsity”
“Qadam-Atana-Somaria “
“ Qadam –Hameh-Qodsaya-Zabadani”
“ Qadam – Airport “

by Khawla Taha
Supervision by Dr. Amer Jabri
Graduation date –Feb-3-2013
Damascus University

Qcs-Qadam Cenral Station

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