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The Critical Role that CENIC can play in helping California higher-ed reduce its carbon footprint Bill St. Arnaud [email_address] Unless otherwise noted all material in this slide deck may be reproduced, modified or distributed without prior permission of the author
Climate Forecasts MIT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Global Average Temperature
2009 second warmest year ever
Climate Change is not reversible ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],All we hope to achieve is to slow down the rapid rate of climate change Weaver et al., GRL (2007)
Climate tipping points ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Global ICT Carbon Footprint is Roughly the Same as the Aviation Industry Today www.smart2020.org But ICT Emissions are Growing at 6% Annually! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Global ICT Carbon Footprint  by Subsector www.smart2020.org The Number of PCs (Desktops and Laptops) Globally is Expected to Increase  from 592 Million in 2002  to More Than Four Billion in 2020  Data Centers Are Low Hanging Fruit Telecom & Internet fastest growing PCs Are Biggest Problem
Huge jump in carbon footprint from telecom and Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
IT biggest power draw Heating, Cooling and Ventilation 40-50% Lighting 11% IT  Equipment 30-40% Other 6% Sources: BOMA 2006, EIA 2006, AIA 2006 Energy Consumption Typical Building Energy Consumption World Wide Transportation 25% Manufacturing 25% Buildings 50%
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Growth Projections Data Centers Source:  Gartner; Meeting the DC power and cooling challenge
California’s Climate Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: Jerry Sheehan UCSD- CALIT2
California & Renewable Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],S-21-09 SOURCE:  California Energy Commission, Energy Almanac Source: Jerry Sheehan UCSD- CALIT2
Federal Climate Regulation October 2009 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
State Leadership on Climate STATES 2009 -72% Have Climate Action Plans -42% Have GHG Reduction Targets -66% Are Experimenting with Cap & Trade SOURCE:  Pew Center on Global Climate Change, Climate101-State Actions, January 2009 Source: Jerry Sheehan UCSD- CALIT2
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],GHG Regulation in British Columbia SOURCE:  “Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report 2007”, Ministry of Environment, Victoria, British Columbia, July 2009 Source: Jerry Sheehan UCSD
Carbon Costs for the  University of British Columbia SOURCE:  UBC Sustainability Office, August 2009 SOURCE:  http://climateaction.ubc.ca/category/emission-sources SOURCE:  UBC Climate Action Plan, GHG 2006 Inventory UBC Greenhouse Gas Liability 2010-2012 2010 2011 2012 Carbon Offset $1,602,750 $1,602,750 $1,602,750 Carbon Tax $1,179,940 $1,474,925 $1,769,910 Total $2,782,690 $3,077,675 $3,372,660
Grand Challenge – Building robust ICT services using renewable energy only ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
UCSD is Installing Zero Carbon Emission Solar and Fuel Cell DC Electricity Generators San Diego’s Point Loma Wastewater Treatment Plant Produces Waste Methane UCSD 2.8 Megawatt  Fuel Cell Power Plant  Uses Methane 2 Megawatts of  Solar Power Cells  Being Installed Available Late 2009 Use to Power Local Data Centers Source: Larry Smarr UCSD- CALIT2
The NSF-Funded UCSD GreenLight Project:  Instrumenting the Energy Cost of Cluster Computing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: Larry Smarr UCSD- CALIT2
MIT to build zero carbon data center in Holyoke MA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
GreenStar –Clouds and Virtualization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://www.greenstarnetwork.com/
Emerging “Follow the Sun” Technologies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Nortel’s research labs developed and conceived the “Virtual Machine Turntable in 2006 and through collaboration with R&E networks in the US, Canada, Netherlands, and South Korea proved viability.
Economic benefits of follow the wind/sun architectures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Carbon Rewards rather carbon taxes – “gCommerce” or “Cap and Reward” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Proposed new funding scenario for R&E networks and cost reduction for universities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],New R&E network funding scenario “ Cap and Reward”
New University low carbon funding scenario ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Final remarks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cyber-infrastructure in a Carbon Constrained World http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ERM0960.pdf
Power Consumption of IP network Source: Rod Tucker
Challenge of efficiency Source: Rod Tucker
Let’s Keep The Conversation Going Blogspot Twitter http://twitter.com/lsmarr www.facebook.com   Larry Smarr Facebook Larry Smarr – CAL IT2 Bill St. Arnaud http://green-broadband.blogspot.com Twitter http://twitter.com/BillStArnaud
Thank you ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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CENIC Green IT

  • 1. The Critical Role that CENIC can play in helping California higher-ed reduce its carbon footprint Bill St. Arnaud [email_address] Unless otherwise noted all material in this slide deck may be reproduced, modified or distributed without prior permission of the author
  • 2.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. The Global ICT Carbon Footprint by Subsector www.smart2020.org The Number of PCs (Desktops and Laptops) Globally is Expected to Increase from 592 Million in 2002 to More Than Four Billion in 2020 Data Centers Are Low Hanging Fruit Telecom & Internet fastest growing PCs Are Biggest Problem
  • 9.
  • 10. IT biggest power draw Heating, Cooling and Ventilation 40-50% Lighting 11% IT Equipment 30-40% Other 6% Sources: BOMA 2006, EIA 2006, AIA 2006 Energy Consumption Typical Building Energy Consumption World Wide Transportation 25% Manufacturing 25% Buildings 50%
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. State Leadership on Climate STATES 2009 -72% Have Climate Action Plans -42% Have GHG Reduction Targets -66% Are Experimenting with Cap & Trade SOURCE: Pew Center on Global Climate Change, Climate101-State Actions, January 2009 Source: Jerry Sheehan UCSD- CALIT2
  • 16.
  • 17. Carbon Costs for the University of British Columbia SOURCE: UBC Sustainability Office, August 2009 SOURCE: http://climateaction.ubc.ca/category/emission-sources SOURCE: UBC Climate Action Plan, GHG 2006 Inventory UBC Greenhouse Gas Liability 2010-2012 2010 2011 2012 Carbon Offset $1,602,750 $1,602,750 $1,602,750 Carbon Tax $1,179,940 $1,474,925 $1,769,910 Total $2,782,690 $3,077,675 $3,372,660
  • 18.
  • 19. UCSD is Installing Zero Carbon Emission Solar and Fuel Cell DC Electricity Generators San Diego’s Point Loma Wastewater Treatment Plant Produces Waste Methane UCSD 2.8 Megawatt Fuel Cell Power Plant Uses Methane 2 Megawatts of Solar Power Cells Being Installed Available Late 2009 Use to Power Local Data Centers Source: Larry Smarr UCSD- CALIT2
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30. Cyber-infrastructure in a Carbon Constrained World http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ERM0960.pdf
  • 31. Power Consumption of IP network Source: Rod Tucker
  • 32. Challenge of efficiency Source: Rod Tucker
  • 33. Let’s Keep The Conversation Going Blogspot Twitter http://twitter.com/lsmarr www.facebook.com Larry Smarr Facebook Larry Smarr – CAL IT2 Bill St. Arnaud http://green-broadband.blogspot.com Twitter http://twitter.com/BillStArnaud
  • 34.

Editor's Notes

  1. USGS report finds that future climate shifts have been underestimated and warns of debilitating abrupt shift in climate that would be devastating. http://www.climatescience.gov/Library/sap/sap3-4/final-report/default.htm http://climateprogress.org/2008/11/24/what-are-the-near-term-climate-pearl-harbors/ Tipping elements in the Earth's climate - National Academies of Science “ Society may be lulled into a false sense of security by smooth projections of global change. Our synthesis of present knowledge suggests that a variety of tipping elements could reach their critical point within this century under anthropogenic climate change. “ http://www.pnas.org/content/105/6/1786.abstract?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=tipping+elements+lenton&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCIT Arctic Climate Change may be at tipping point – Globe and Mail -Sept 2009 We thought by 2050, multi-year [sea] ice would be cut in half,” said Mr. Stewart from Ottawa. “Well, it happened in 2007.” http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/technology/science/arctic-climate-change-at-tipping-point/article1272939/ http://www.panda.org/wwf_news/news/?uNewsID=173262
  2. Future projections from Gartner
  3. Building a zero carbon ICT infrastructure Purchasing green power locally is expensive with significant transmission line losses Demand for green power within cities expected to grow dramatically ICT facilities DON’T NEED TO BE LOCATED IN CITIES -Cooling also a major problem in cities But most renewable energy sites are very remote and impractical to connect to electrical grid. Can be easily reached by an optical network Provide independence from electrical utility and high costs in wheeling power Savings in transmission line losses (up to 15%) alone, plus carbon offsets can pay for moving ICT facilities to renewable energy site ICT is only industry ideally suited to relocate to renewable energy sites Also ideal for business continuity in event of climate catastrophe