1. The Crusades
By: Nicole Wynn, Brad Sansing

2. WHAT WERE THE CRUSADES?
 The Crusades were a series of Holy Wars launched by
the Christian states of Europe against the Muslims.
The Crusades started in 1095 when Pope Claremont
preached the First Crusade at the Council of
Claremont. The Pope's preaching led to thousands of
people becoming immediately ready to fight for there
faith. The name Crusade was given to the Holy Wars
from the old French word 'crois' meaning 'cross'. The
Crusades were great military expeditions undertaken
by the Christian who went into the Holy Land and
tried to take it back from the Muslims.

3. WHAT WAS THE CAUSE OF THE CRUSADES?
 The reason for the crusades was a war between
Christians and Muslims which centered around the
city of Jerusalem. The City of Jerusalem held a Holy
significance to the Christian religion. The Church of
the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem commemorated the
hill of crucifixion and the tomb of Christ's burial and
was visited by Pilgrims. In 1065 Jerusalem was
taken by the Turks and 3000 Christians were
massacred starting a chain of events which
contributed to the cause of the crusades

4. CONTINUED
 The Objectives of the crusades was at first to
release the Holy Land, in particular Jerusalem, from
the Muslims, but in time was extended to seizing
Spain from the Moors, the Slavs and Pagans from
eastern Europe, and the islands of the
Mediterranean.

5. THE OUTCOME OF THIS CRUSADE
 The Crusaders finally reached Jerusalem in May, 1098.
They were surprised to see all the civilized things in the
city of Jerusalem - the Dome of the Rock mosque, and
hot baths, and advanced Islamic medicine.
 The Crusaders taking Jerusalem
 The Crusaders made mistakes fighting. But the Fatimids
were also fighting with the Seljuks at that time, so they
didn't defend Jerusalem very well. The Crusaders
managed to take Jerusalem, as well as some other cities.
They settled down there as the kings of Jerusalem, in
their own new country. The First Crusade was a big
success for the Europeans, and a setback for the
Fatimid's

6. OTHER CRUSADES
 The Second Crusade begun ,and had an unhappy ending. Of
the great host that set out from Europe, only a few thousands
escaped annihilation in Asia Minor at the hands of the Turks.
Louis and Conrad, with the remnants of their armies, made a
joint attack on Damascus, but had to raise the siege after a
few days. This closed the crusade. As a chronicler of the
expedition remarked, "having practically accomplished
nothing, the inglorious ones returned home." The strength of
both the French and the German division of the expedition
was wasted in Asia Minor, and the crusade accomplished
nothing .

7. CONTINUED
 The Third Crusade was caused by the capture of
Jerusalem in 1187 by Saladin, the sultan of Egypt. King
Richard and Saladin finally concluded a truce by the
terms of which Christians were permitted to visit
Jerusalem without paying tribute, that they should have
free access to the holy places.

8. MINOR CRUSADES
 None of the Crusades, after the Third, effected much
in the Holy Land; either their force was spent before
reaching it, or they were diverted from their purpose
by different objects and ambitions. The crusaders of
the Fourth expedition captured Constantinople
instead of Jerusalem. The children's crusade affords
the most striking exhibition that characterized that
time period. The things that inspired the first
crusaders was already dying out.

9. WORKS CITED
 http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/medieval/histor
y/highmiddle/bernard.htm
 http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/the-second-
crusade.htm
 http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/the-crusades.htm