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Similar to FDR's New Deal Fights Depression
Similar to FDR's New Deal Fights Depression (20)
FDR's New Deal Fights Depression
- 1. THE NEW DEAL AMERICA GETS BACK TO WORK
- 2. THE NEW DEAL FIGHTS THE DEPRESSION • In the 1932 presidential election • Republicans re- nominated Hoover • The Democrats nominated Franklin Delano Roosevelt ( FDR) • FDR easily wins election of 1932
- 4. FDR LAUNCHES NEW DEAL • FDR promised a “new deal” for the American people • “The Hundred Days”- Time in which Roosevelt enacted the 3 R’s • Relief • Reform • Recovery
- 5. CONGRESS GETS BUSY • FDR’s philosophy was to get people help and work through “deficit” spending • During the 100 Days, Congress passed more than 15 major pieces of legislation that expanded the government’s role
- 6. TO DO LIST: #1- HELP BANKS • On March 5, one day after taking office, FDR declared a bank holiday • Emergency Relief Act- which authorized the Treasury Department to inspect the nation’s banks
- 7. AMERICANS GAIN CONFIDENCE IN BANKS • Glass-Steagall Act which established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation • The FDIC insured account holders up to $5,000 and set strict standards for banks to follow (today = $100,000)
- 8. MORE 100 DAYS ACTIVITY • Federal Securities Act: Required stock info to be accurate and truthful • Agricultural Adjustment Act: (AAA) Raised crop prices by lowering production • Tennessee Valley Authority: (TVA) Focused on direct relief to hard hit area– created ambitious dam projects
- 9. T V A
- 10. ALPHABET AGENCIES • CCC – Civilian Conservation Corps put young men to work • Men ages 18 to 25 worked building roads, parks, planting trees (200 million trees in Dust Bowl areas) • By 1942 three million men worked for the CCC
- 11. ALPHABET AGENCIES • NIRA-National Industrial Recovery Act promoted fair business practices • PWA – Public Works Administration , provided money to states to create jobs PWA workers construct a public building in Hartford, Connecticut
- 12. ALPHABET AGENCIES • CWA – Civil Works Administration built schools and provided salaries for teachers in rural America CWA School in Woodville, CA
- 13. ALPHABET AGENCIES • FHA – Federal Housing Administration provided home loans, home mortgages and Repaired business in Childersburg, Alabama repairs
- 14. ALPHABET AGENCIES • FERA – Federal Emergency Relief Agency provided direct relief to the neediest Americans Citizens wait outside a FERA in Calipatria, CA for relief checks
- 15. CRITICS EMERGE • Liberals (left) felt FDR’s program was NOT doing enough • Conservatives (right) felt that government intervention was TOO much and interfered with our free market economy
- 16. SUPREME COURT REACTS • By the mid-1930s, the Supreme Court struck down the NIRA and AAA citing to much government power • However during the 30’s FDR would appoint 7 new justices to help him continue his programs The Supreme Court -- 1935
- 17. MORE CRITICS • Father Charles Coughlin broadcast radio sermons slamming FDR, basically calling for the U.S. to become a Socialist country Coughlin
- 18. ANOTHER CRITIC • Huey Long was a Senator from Louisiana who was a constant critic of FDR • Long was going to run for president in 1936 • A lone gunman assassinated Long at the height of his popularity Huey Long made effective use in 1935 of radio to promote his views
- 19. SECTION 2: THE SECOND NEW DEAL • Although the economy had improved during FDR’s first term (1932- 1936), the gains were not as great as expected • Unemployment remained high and production still lagged
- 20. THE SECOND HUNDRED DAYS • FDR launches the “Second New Deal once he is reelected in 1936 • FDRs first priority was the farmers – FDR reinvigorated the AAA which provided aid for migrants, sharecroppers, and poor farmers
- 22. WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION • Workers Progress Administration (WPA)- employed over 8.5 million people to build public works projects like roads, airports, zoo, subways
- 23. WPA BUILDS AMERICA • WPA workers built 850 airports, 651,000 miles of roads and streets, and 125,000 public buildings • The WPA also hired artists, writers and The Davis Street School Extension in Atlanta under photographers to construction as part of the Works Progress Administration Program, November 2, 1936 create art
- 24. NATIONAL YOUTH ADMINISTRATION • The National Youth Administration (NYA) was created to provide education, jobs and recreation for young people
- 25. IMPROVING LABOR RELATIONS • National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)- This legislation protected workers, ensured collective bargaining, and preserved the right to unionize The NLRA was also called the Wagner Act
- 26. CONGRESS PROTECTS WORKERS • Fair Labor Standards Act(1938)- which set maximum hours at 44 per week and minimum wage at 25 cents per hour
- 27. Other 2 New Deal Programs nd • Rural Farm Security Electrification Administration Administration (FSA)- provided (REA)- Helped assistance to fund and bring tenant farmers to electricity to rural help them buy areas that did not land have it
- 28. SOCIAL SECURITY ACT • One of the most important achievements of the New Deal era was the creation of the Social Security System • The Social Security Act, passed in 1935, had 3 parts: Old-Age Pension Unemployment compensation Aid to families with dependent children & disabled (welfare)
- 29. CRITISCISM OF THE NEW DEALS TODAY • Over time, opinions about the merits of the New Deal and FDR have ranged from harsh criticism to high praise – usually along partisan lines • Conservatives felt FDR made government too large and too powerful • Liberals countered that FDR socialized the economy because Americans needed help
- 30. LEGACIES OF THE NEW DEAL • FDIC – banking insurance critical to sound economy • Deficit spending has became a normal feature of government • Social Security is a key legacy of the New Deal in that the Feds have assumed a greater responsibility for the social welfare of citizens since 1935
- 31. LEGACIES OF THE NEW DEAL • NLRB- Still settles disputes between unions and businesses • SEC- regulates and monitors the stock market