1. Climate, energy and the imperatives of equity and growth Centre for Science and Environment April 20, 2007

2. Responsibility for CO 2 Emissions and Climate Change Source; Jim Hansen

3. Source; Bill Rees

7. Cost of US Emissions Reductions: Domestic action vs Action through Flexmex US domestic action US $125 tc Flexmex with Eastern European countries US $30-50tc Flexmex with developing countries US $14-20 tc When emissions reductions obtained through: Cost of reduction

10. Source: ALOK RAWAT 2004, UNEP WORKSHOP ON FUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT AND FUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT AND AUTOMOTIVE CO AUTOMOTIVE CO2 REDUCTION POLICIES REDUCTION POLICIES, OCTOBER 13, 2004, China

13. Common but differentiated responsibility Source: UNFCCC 1997, Implementation of the Berlin Mandate, Additional Proposals from Parties. Addendum. 21 79 Relative share of induced temperature increase due to carbon dioxide emissions in 2020 18 82 Relative share of induced temperature increase due to carbon dioxide emissions in 2010 12 88 Relative share of induced temperature increase due to carbon dioxide emissions in 1990 21 79 Relative share of carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere in 1990 25 75 Relative share of annual carbon dioxide emissions in 1990 Non-Annex 1 nations (%) Annex 1 nations (%) Relative Shares

26. Transportation is the Fastest Growing CO 2 Emissions Source

27. Making connection between local and global emissions for effective action Vehicle Climate Change Emission Sources Methane Nitrous Oxide CO 2 CO2 HFC A/C compressor Engine Transmission Black Carbon? Ozone

29. CO2 Is Not The Whole Story Recent evidence indicates Reducing 1 kg of BC is equal To reducing 2.5 tons of CO2

30. While Europe (& Japan) Lead on CO2, The EU’s Very Weak Diesel Limits Hurt Globally

31. Tougher Standards in The EU & More Rapid Adoption By Other Countries (i.e., China, India) Could Greatly Improve Trends

32. Comparison of fleet average GHG emission standards standardized by gCO 2 /km for new light-duty vehicles Source: Feng An, Sauer

33. Share of CO 2 emissions from transport of different regions as a percent to the total global transport CO 2 emissions* * Reference case only ** The following graphs are the comparison of US, EU, Japan, China, India, Brazil and Russia only. Source: Computed from the World Energy Outlook 2006

34. Share of transport CO 2 emissions as a percent to the total CO 2 emissions from oil* in each regions (in %) * Reference case only ** The following graphs are the comparison of US, EU, Japan, China, India, Brazil and Russia only. Source: Computed from the World Energy Outlook 2006

35. Economic Growth Can Coexist with Clean Air and Low Energy Consumption. Can we de-link heat trapping gases as well?

36. Can India even begin to see this trend? Delhi: Trend in ambient SO 2 and CO de-linked from economic growth. PM10 stabilised. NOx increasing with growth spurt Source: CSE

37. Pollution Per-Capita GDP “ The Kuznets Curve” Business As Usual Alternative Path Of Progress The message: Leapfrog Avoid the polluting pathways of others. Adopt an alternative path that is precautionary and preventive