1. 4.5 TOWARDS THE
HISPANIZATION
OF THE NATIVES

2. When Spaniards came into the country they destroyed the carved if
idols out of wood and stone.
Ifugao Bulul (Rice God)
portrayed as a priest
examing a chicken's
gall bladder in a Ritual

3. Spanish urbanization was centered in the city of manila, within a
walled city called INTRAMUROS.

4. Infrastructure showing the Spanish domination in the country such as
massive colonial churches, churches, convents, schools, roads and
bridges, and the bahay na bato at kahoy.
Convent..
THE LAZI CONVENT

5. School..
UNIVERSITY OF STO. TOMAS

6. Roads and Bridges..
PUENTE DE ESPAÑA OR THE BRIDGE OF SPAIN

7. Structurally, the Bahay-na-Bato at kahoy also known as Bahay-na-Mestiza,
perpetuated the pre-Hispanic Bahay-na-Kubo.
Bahay-na-Bato..
RIZAL SHRINE

8. The converging islands under a single administration
was facilitated through “reduccion”.
Reduccion referring to resettlement of
inhabitants in spanish-style poblaciones.

9. The Spanish society always stressed "PURITY" of blood in
societal rank.
1ST. ESPAÑOLES
Spaniards who are born in Spain.
Españoles Peninsulares

10. Spaniards born in the Philippines who
took important position s in the spanish
government in the Philippines.
Españoles Insulares
2ND. MESTIZOS AND MESTIZAS
Filipinos of mixed indigenous
Filipino ( Austronesian, Malay,
Malayo-polynesian)
or European or Chinese ancestry.

11. Mestizos de Sangley Person of mixed Chinese and
Filipino ancestry.
Mestizos de Española Person of mixed Spanish and
Filipino ancestry.
Tornatras Person of mixed Spanish,
Filipino and Chinese ancestry.

12. 3RD. INDIO or Indios Naturales
Person of pure Austronesian (Malay/Malayo-Polynesian) ancestry
(natives).
Natives of the Philippines without Spanish or Chinese ancestry.

13. The ceremonial splendor of the roman catholic church
aroused the admiration of the natives. More
representatives of various religious orders such as
Augustinians, Dominicans, Franciscans, and Jesuits
came to Philippines after Legazpi’s expedition.
Consequently, the missionaries learned local dialects
and introduced the roman alphabet.

14. AUGUSTINIANS
Augustine of Hippo
Several mendicant Orders of friars, who lived a
mixed religious life of contemplation and apostolic
ministry and follow the Rule of St. Augustine.

15. DOMINICANS
Saint Dominic
The Order of Preachers (Latin: Ordo Praedicatorum), more
commonly known after the 15th century as the Dominican
Order or Dominicans, is a Roman Catholic religious
order founded by Saint Dominic de Guzman in France and
approved by Pope Honorius III (1216–27) on 22 December
1216.

16. FRANCISCAN
Coat of Arm Saint Francis of Assisi
The most prominent group is the Order of Friars Minor,
commonly called simply the "Franciscans." They seek to follow
most directly the manner of life that Saint Francis led.

17. JESUIT
Ignatius of Loyola
The Society of Jesus (Latin: Societas Iesu, S.J., SJ or SI)
is a Christian male religious order of the Roman
Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits and
are also known colloquially as "God's Marines"

18. By the 16th. century, there were Filipinos like Tomas Pinpin who
became conservant with the Spanish language.
The first Filipino printer and is
Sometimes
referred as the ..
"Patriarch of Filipino Printing."
He wrote the first published
Tagalog book titled “Librong
Pag-aaralan Nang Manga
Tagalog Nang Uicang Castila”
(Book that the Tagalogs should
Study to learn Spanish).
TOMAS PINPIN

19. Basic education was rendered by parochial schools, established
primarily for religious instructions. The first one was established in
CEBU.
In 1582, Archbishop Domingo de Salazar ordered that every town must
have one school for boys and also, one for girls.
Archbishop Domingo de Salazar

20. By 19th century, The Spanish aristocracy tried to
distinguish themselves from INDIOS with the use of
language and level of education. Higher education was
established exclusively for the Spaniards and Filipinos.
Colleges and Universities were closed to indios.

21. In 1589, The first college for boys the COLLEGE OF MANILA
later change to COLLEGE OF SAN IGNACIO. And in 1621, it
was named UNIVERSITY OF SAN IGNACIO by Pope Gregory
XV. Unfortunately, This school was closed in 1768.
UNIVERSITY OF SAN IGNACIO

22. Universidad de San Ignacio
The Universidad de San Ignacio was a university in city
of Manila in the Philippines founded in 1589.

23. Pope Gregory XV
In 1601, the COLEGIO DE SAN JOSE was established..

24. In 1611, the COLEGIO DE NUESTRA SENORA DEL
SANTISSIMO ROSARIO was established by FRAY MIGUEL
BENAVIDES. Later named UNIVERSIDAD DE SANTO
TOMAS in1645 by Pope Innocent X.
UNIVERSIDAD DE SANTO TOMAS

25. University of Santo Tomas
The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic
University of the Philippines is a private, Roman Catholic
university run by the Order of Preachers in Manila. Founded on
28 April 1611 by archbishop of Manila Miguel de Benavides.

26. FRAY MIGUEL BENAVIDES
The third Archbishop of Manila. He came to the Philippines
with the first Dominican mission in 1587.

27. COLEGIO DE SAN JUAN DE LETRAN established to take care
of orphaned Spanish boy.
COLEGIO DE SAN JUAN DE LETRAN

28. COLEGIO DE SAN JUAN DE LETRAN
The Colegio de San Juan de Letran, Letran College, or simply
Letran is a private Roman Catholic institution of learning
located in Intramuros, Manila, in the Philippines. The college
was founded in 1620.

29. The girls also given special education. The schools were of two
kinds: the COLEGIO, which is the regular school for girls; and
the beaterio, a combined school and nunnery.
Royal College of Santa Potenciana: The oldest school for young girls, its
was established in 1589 by Philip II upon the urging of Manila bishop,
Domingo de Salazar, OP and the Franciscans

30. The COLLEGE OF SANTA ISABEL is now the oldest existing
college for girls in the country.
It was built to care the spanish orphaned girls.
Eventually, it became an exclusive school
For the daughters of affluent Spaniards.

31. In 1621, The REAL MONASTERIO DE SANTA CLARA was
established.
REAL MONASTERIO DE SANTA CLARA

32. In 1694, The BEATERIO DE LA CAMPANIA DE JESUS was
established founded by MOTHER IGNACIA DEL ESPIRITU
SANTO.
BEATERIO DE LA CAMPANIA DE JESUS

33. MOTHER IGNACIA DEL ESPIRITU SANTO
Also known as Mother Ignacia born on February 1, 1663 - and died on
September 10, 1748 was a Filipino Religious Sister of the Roman Catholic
Church. Known for her acts of piety and religious poverty, founded the
Congregation of the Sisters of the Religious of the Virgin Mary.

34. Primary education consisted of courses in reading, writing,
arithmetic, religion, geography, history of Spain, Spanish
language, vocal music, and agriculture for boys and needle
works for girls.

35. Academic reforms were later on implemented, after the
Spanish government conceded to it’s growing demand.
The EDUCATIONAL DECREE, DECEMBER 20, 1863 was
implemented.
EDUCATIONAL DECREE (December 20, 1863)
It liberalized access to education, which provided for the establishment
of at least one primary school for boys and girls in each town under the
responsibility of the municipal government. Also provided for the
Establishment of normal schools to train teachers. The decree also
Provided for the use of Spanish as the language of instruction,
Starting at the elementary level.

36. The “Escuela Normal” for the training of male teachers for
elementary instructions was delegated. Inaugurated in
1865, and in 1893 it became the normal superior.
Schools for the art were also built. Archbishop Juan A.
Rodriguez founded the Escuela de Tiples in 1743.
In the late 19th century, the school was able to pattern it’s
plan of study after the Conservatory of Music in Madrid.

37. Damian Domingo founded the academy of FINE ARTS, the
first school of painting in Manila 1820, He is also known
as the "FATHER OF FILIPINO PAINTING"
"FATHER OF FILIPINO PAINTING"

38. In 1824, The ACADEMIA de DIBUJO y PINTURA (ACADEMY of
DRAWING and PAINTING) was founded.
In the 19th century, various technical school were established.
Like the “School of Mercantile Accounting and Modern
Languages”.
COMMERCE was introduced as a three-year vocational course,
with the “degree of perito”.
MECHANICS and other vocational courses were offered in
secondary instruction leading to BACHILLERATO EN ARTES.
- PERITO MECANICO or Mechanical Expert
- PERITO AGRIMENSOR

39. In 1860, The nautical school was opened upon orders of the
queen. After four years the student was to board a ship. The
degree of PILOTO DE MARINA MERCANTE was to be given
after it’s training.
The seeds of vocational education were sown by the early
Spanish missionaries who taught the natives better methods
of farming, the cultivation of foreign plants like indigo, corn,
cotton, and wheat, and various crafts like painting, carpentry,
masonry and dyeing.
The early missionaries were also the first to establish a printing
press in the Philippines.

40. XYLOGRAPHIC METHOD is the method of printing using
engraved wood blocks.
Doctrinal Christiana en lengua
espanola y tagala (1593)
The earliest book printed written
by Fray Juan de Oliver.
This catechetical book sought
to explain the importance
of Christ, Chastity and devotion
to God in the Vernacular.

41. Beginning of 19th century, the
"PASION" was the prevalent form
in print. Written in verse and
chanted during lent, it depicted
the life and passion of Jesus
Christ.
The first tagalog pasion was
written by Gaspar Aquino de
Belen. It was published in 1704.
Entitled "Ang Mahal na Pasión ni
Jesu Christong Panginoon Natin
na Tola" . ("The Sacred Passion of
Jesus Christ Our Lord that is a
Poem")

42. The second written pasion titled
“CASAYSAYAN NG PASIONG MAHAL NI JESUCRISTONG
PANGINOON NATIN NA SUCAT IPAG-AALAB ANG SINOMAN
BABASA”
(THE STORY OF THE HOLY PASSION OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST
THAT SHOULD INFLAME THE HEART OF THE READER, CIRCA
1814) also known as PASYONG GENESIS.
This version was edited by father Mariano Pilapil and published
by the Imprenta de Santo Tomas.

43. First half of 19th century, JOSE DELA CRUZ was the prominent poet
in the oral tradition. His works are DOCE PARES DE FRANCIA;
BERNARDO CAPIO and ADELA AT FLORANTE.
CAPTION
De la Cruz was popularly known by his nickname, “Huseng
Sisiw”. Jose de la Cruz (21 December 1746 – 12 March
1829) was a Tagalog poet and playwright in the 18th and
19th century.

44. PEDRO BUKANEG, The blind poet who wrote the popular Ilocano
epic, LAM-ANG.
"Father of Ilocano literature."

45. FRANCISCO BALAGTAS also known as "PRINCE OF TAGALOG
POETS“. Became popular with his poetical pieces particularly,
“Florante at Luara”
Francisco Balagtas y de la Cruz (April 2, 1788 – February 20, 1862),
also known as Francisco Baltazar, was a prominent Filipino poet, and
is widely considered as one of the greatest Filipino literary laureate
for his impact on Filipino literature.

46. Momentous feast and events like the arrival of a new Spanish
official also meant stage presentations.
Comedia written by Vicente Puche s the first recorded drama
staged in Cebu in 1598
Moro-Moro presents the Christian victory over Muslims in
1637.

47. Moro-Moro

48. End of 17th century, The first theater was established. the
"TEATRO COMICO“
Turn of 19th century, ZARZUELA was always performed.
ZARZUELA is a spanish one-act opera with satirical theme
became popular in the country.

50. Field of music, SAMPAGUITA by DOLORES PATERNO became
popular.
Dolores Paterno y Ignacio (March 10, 1854 — July 3, 1881)
was Filipina composer famous for the song
"La Flor de Manila" (also known as "Sampaguita")

51. Sampaguita
(Tagalog version by Levi Celerio)
I
Sampaguita ng aming lipi,
bulaklak na sakdal ng yumi
Ikaw ang mutyang pinili
Na sagisag ng aming lahi,
II III
At ang kulay mong binusilak O bulaklak, na nagbibigay ligaya,
Ay diwa ng aming pangarap, O! paraluman, mutyang Sampaguita,
Ang iyong bango't halimuyak Larawang mistula ng mga dalaga;
Sa tuwina'y aming nilalanghap. Ikaw ang tanging bituin
Hiraman ng kanilang ganda.
IV
Ang iyong talulot
Ang siyang tunay na sagisag
Ng sa dalagang puso'y wagas,
Kayumian at pagkamatapat.

52. The first music teacher to win distinction in Philippine history
was Geronimo de Aguilar, a Franciscan Missionary.
In 1811, The first newspaper "DEL SUPERIOR GOVIERNO
was printed with Gov. Gen. MANUEL GONZALES DE
AGUILAR as editor.

53. In the field of science, The first scientists in the country were the
friars. FR. MANUEL BLANCO also known as "PRINCE OF
BOTANIST. He wrote "FLORA DE FILIPINAS"
The “FLORA DE FILIPINAS” was
published in 1837. This book
identified 1,200 kinds of plants in
the country.
FR. MANUEL BLANCO

54. The first sundials were built in 1871 at TAGUDIN, ILOCOS SUR by
FR. JUAN SOROLLA, a spanish Augustinian.
SUNDIAL

55. Father Marcial Funcia Ramos introduced the first iron printing
press in the Philippines in 1847.
GEORGE OPPEL, Introduced lithography in the country in 1858.

56. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING 
#MJHY’ x.x