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Ассоциация Европейских Приграничных Регионов (АЕПР)
Európai Határ Menti Régiók Szövetsége (EHMRS)
                                                        1
Associació de les Regions Frontereres Europees (ARFE)
Black Sea Economic Forum
      Yalta (Crimea)
     4-5 October 2012


        CBC on Tourism:
    A sustainable approach to
           development
The Association of European Border Regions
         (AEBR – AGEG – ARFE)
CBC is a story of
Multi-Level Governance and
        assymetries
 •   50+ years of “formal” CBC; centuries of
     “informal” and “abnormal” CBC
 •   Laboratories for European Integration
 •   Central Europe (Rhine basin), Northern
     Europe, Mediterranean regions, Eastern
     Europe and far beyond (Caucasus), …
 •   Global CBC for Global Challenges: Latin
     America and Africa
•   Insertar mapa




                       CBC
                    structures
                     in 2011
•   Insertar mapa
•   Insertar mapa
•   Insertar mapa
European experience
           shows:
•   Supranational integration processes does
    not guarantee cohesion in very diverse
    territories. Their own dynamics strengthen
    more developed areas (territorial
    dumping).
•   There is a need of a “positive
    discrimination”: territorial cooperation
    programmes and projects (Interreg) to
    enhance economic, social and territorial
    cohesion.
Diversity
 from being an obstacle to create
 opportunities
Various:
• Cultures and social systems
• Administrative structures and powers
• Fiscal and social legislations
• Many other political activities
                          … meet at the borders
• Citizens have grown up in very different
  environments
• They will not sacrifice aspects of everyday lives
  for the European ideal
• No State will alter its tried and trusted structures
Objective: Critical Mass

•   CB regions cover half of their potential areas
    of influence
•   CBC makes easier to achieve a critical mass:
    synergies, efficiency, joint planning and
    managing
•   Creation of CB influence areas
•   Creation of alliances for joint sustainable
    benefits
CBC Added Value


•   (Pan-) European
    (Continental)
•   Political
•   Institutional
•   Socio-economic
•   Socio-cultural
Socio-economic added value


•   Mobilisation of endogenous potential
•   Participation of economic and social
    actors
•   Opening up of labour market
•   Additional development
•   Lasting improvements in Spatial
    Development
•   Improvement of transport infrastructure
Socio-cultural added value


•   Dissemination of knowledge
•   Overview of CB region in maps,
    publications, teaching material, …
•   Circle of committed experts
•   Equal opportunities and extensive
    knowledge of the languages
Specific added value to
    implement EU 2020

•   Additionallity
•   Synergy
•   Joint Research and Innovation
•   Networking
•   Benchmarking
•   Spin-off effects
•   CB resource management
Evidences of CBC specific
    added value to implement
    European strategies (I)

    Creation of CB infrastructures (also
      maritime) as physical precondition for
     CBC to create growth and employment:

•    Spain/France,
•    Sweden/Finland/Norway,
•    Alpine area,
•    external borders of the EU,
•    etc.
Evidences of CBC specific
    added value to implement
     European strategies (II)

      Further promotion of growth and
     economic development in addition to
            national development

•   CB area Ireland / Northern Ireland;
•   Germany / Belgium / Netherlands (new jobs);
•   Spanish / Portuguese (risk capital fund);
•   Bulgaria and Romania (CB business card).
Evidences of CBC specific
    added value to implement
     European strategies (III)

    New CB business relationships between
           producers and suppliers

•   Network of the Chambers of Commerce in
    Northern Greece / Bulgaria;
•   Czech Republic / Germany (Saxony);
•   German / Danish border;
•   French / German border along the Upper Rhine;
•   Hungarian / Austrian border.
Evidences of CBC specific
    added value to implement
     European strategies (IV)
    New cooperation and sales opportunities
     for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises
                        (SMEs)
        Operational within a radius of 200 km,
     extending to the neighbouring border region:

•   Northern Greece: entrepreneurship centre for
    the Balkan and the Black Sea states;
•   Finnish / Norwegian / Swedish border: the Arctic
    Investors Network;
•   Spanish / Portuguese border: forum of
    entrepreneurs.
Evidences of CBC specific
    added value to implement
     European strategies (V)
     Establishment and improvement of CB
      public transport links (buses, railways) for
     the benefit of citizens, commuters and tourists

•   Austrian / German border close to Salzburg
•   Triangle Germany (Bavaria/Saxony) / Czech
    Republic: CB public transport system including
    throughout tariffs;
•   Swedish/Danish border: common public
    transport across the Oresund Bridge
Evidences of CBC specific
    added value to implement
     European strategies (VI)
          CB tourism concepts and projects :

•   Lake of Constance (Bodensee)
•   Germany (Bavaria) / Austria
•   Poland/Lithuania: joint touristic Service Centre
•   Galicia / Norte: touristic map for Spanish/Portuguese
    area
•   Tatra (Poland/Slovakia) (Carpathians)
•   Joint touristic marketing and promotion in
    Ireland/Northern Ireland and the Pyrenees (FR/ES)
•   Joint touristic strategies for Kent (GB) and North-Pas-de-
    Callais (FR)
Evidences of CBC specific
    added value to implement
     European strategies (VII)
                Greater catchments area
          for business activities and services
    …as research facilities and universities, waste disposal,
              recycling and infrastructure facilities
     They would not reach a critical mass, or not even be
     available at all in border regions, if there were no CBC

•   Joint Research Institute for New Rehabilitation
    Techniques
•   Centre for Microscope and Spectroscope Analyses (both
    in EUREGIO, DE / NL border)
•   Cooperation network of universities in Oresund, (DK /
    DE) and in the CB region South Tyrol / Tyrol (IT / AU)
Evidences of CBC specific
    added value to implement
     European strategies (VIII)
    Additional synergies and spin-off effects
    Cooperation of universities, colleges of further
      education and other educational institutions

•    Cooperation of universities Strasbourg, Basel,
     Freiburg in the Upper Rhine region
•    In Lorraine/Saarland
•    In Friuli-Venezia Giulia with their neighbours
     in Slovenia and Austria)
Evidences of CBC specific
    added value to implement
     European strategies (IX)
      Sustainable CB management of the
        environment and environmental
                   protection

•   Extremadura / Castilla y León /Portugal
•   The Pyrenees
•   Germany (Bavaria) /Austria
•   Austria / Czech Republic
•   Poland / Ukraine / Belarus
•   Baltic States / Russia / Belarus
Evidences of CBC specific
    added value to implement
     European strategies (X)
      CBC as model for "new governance“

•   Everyday and everywhere in Europe
•   Through Euroregions and similar structures
•   They practice subsidiarity, partnership,
    networking, benchmarking, neighbourhood, etc.
•   … in spite of different languages, structures,
    competencies and laws on both sides of the
    border
Conclusions I
After 2013 :

•   New opportunities for genuine CBC. 5th cohesion Report
    recommends to continue (and increase) Territorial Cooperation, in
    particular CBC.

•   Treaty of Lisbon also recommends a special attention to CB
    regions.

•   The European Parliament has recommended that TC receives 7%
    of Cohesion Fund (Sánchez Schmid’s report, Pieper’s report)
    (but latest news: € 5,5 B cut on Cohesion Policy, strong
    reaction)

•   Extension of CBC outside the EU borders:
      -   European Eastern Partnership, ENP, and far beyond
          (Caucasus)
      -   Processes in the Mediterranean basin, the Americas, Africa
          and Asia
Conclusions II
•   New challenges for CB structures :
      -   promoting “hot” issues (R&D, reconversion, labour market,
          CB healthcare, …).
      -   Old wine in new bottles? The risk of “dying of fashion”:
          euroregions, EGTCs, macroregions (Black cat, white cat,
          …)
      -   The EU legal instrument EGTC has to be improved by
          learning from lessons up to now

•   And also for Networks! (AEBR, MOT, NEEBOR, Baltic, Black
    Sea, Mediterranean, …) (Benedetti: old answers for new
    questions?)
•   More exigences for local and regional levels: pre-condition
    for successful CBC (and more social participation). Political will
    and participation .
•   The States involved should also promote CBC (with their own
    budgets) in new functional spaces .
Association of European Border Regions
Enscheder Strasse, 362
D-48599 Gronau (Germany)
Phone: +49-2562-70219 – Fax: +49-2562-70259

     THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR
                ATTENTION




          Photo: Kazimierz Branny, Czech-Polish border, 8th July 2006

                          info@aebr.eu

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Bsef2012 session4 tourism_ramirez

  • 1. Ассоциация Европейских Приграничных Регионов (АЕПР) Európai Határ Menti Régiók Szövetsége (EHMRS) 1 Associació de les Regions Frontereres Europees (ARFE)
  • 2. Black Sea Economic Forum Yalta (Crimea) 4-5 October 2012 CBC on Tourism: A sustainable approach to development The Association of European Border Regions (AEBR – AGEG – ARFE)
  • 3. CBC is a story of Multi-Level Governance and assymetries • 50+ years of “formal” CBC; centuries of “informal” and “abnormal” CBC • Laboratories for European Integration • Central Europe (Rhine basin), Northern Europe, Mediterranean regions, Eastern Europe and far beyond (Caucasus), … • Global CBC for Global Challenges: Latin America and Africa
  • 4. Insertar mapa CBC structures in 2011
  • 5. Insertar mapa
  • 6. Insertar mapa
  • 7. Insertar mapa
  • 8. European experience shows: • Supranational integration processes does not guarantee cohesion in very diverse territories. Their own dynamics strengthen more developed areas (territorial dumping). • There is a need of a “positive discrimination”: territorial cooperation programmes and projects (Interreg) to enhance economic, social and territorial cohesion.
  • 9. Diversity from being an obstacle to create opportunities Various: • Cultures and social systems • Administrative structures and powers • Fiscal and social legislations • Many other political activities … meet at the borders • Citizens have grown up in very different environments • They will not sacrifice aspects of everyday lives for the European ideal • No State will alter its tried and trusted structures
  • 10. Objective: Critical Mass • CB regions cover half of their potential areas of influence • CBC makes easier to achieve a critical mass: synergies, efficiency, joint planning and managing • Creation of CB influence areas • Creation of alliances for joint sustainable benefits
  • 11. CBC Added Value • (Pan-) European (Continental) • Political • Institutional • Socio-economic • Socio-cultural
  • 12. Socio-economic added value • Mobilisation of endogenous potential • Participation of economic and social actors • Opening up of labour market • Additional development • Lasting improvements in Spatial Development • Improvement of transport infrastructure
  • 13. Socio-cultural added value • Dissemination of knowledge • Overview of CB region in maps, publications, teaching material, … • Circle of committed experts • Equal opportunities and extensive knowledge of the languages
  • 14. Specific added value to implement EU 2020 • Additionallity • Synergy • Joint Research and Innovation • Networking • Benchmarking • Spin-off effects • CB resource management
  • 15. Evidences of CBC specific added value to implement European strategies (I) Creation of CB infrastructures (also maritime) as physical precondition for CBC to create growth and employment: • Spain/France, • Sweden/Finland/Norway, • Alpine area, • external borders of the EU, • etc.
  • 16. Evidences of CBC specific added value to implement European strategies (II) Further promotion of growth and economic development in addition to national development • CB area Ireland / Northern Ireland; • Germany / Belgium / Netherlands (new jobs); • Spanish / Portuguese (risk capital fund); • Bulgaria and Romania (CB business card).
  • 17. Evidences of CBC specific added value to implement European strategies (III) New CB business relationships between producers and suppliers • Network of the Chambers of Commerce in Northern Greece / Bulgaria; • Czech Republic / Germany (Saxony); • German / Danish border; • French / German border along the Upper Rhine; • Hungarian / Austrian border.
  • 18. Evidences of CBC specific added value to implement European strategies (IV) New cooperation and sales opportunities for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) Operational within a radius of 200 km, extending to the neighbouring border region: • Northern Greece: entrepreneurship centre for the Balkan and the Black Sea states; • Finnish / Norwegian / Swedish border: the Arctic Investors Network; • Spanish / Portuguese border: forum of entrepreneurs.
  • 19. Evidences of CBC specific added value to implement European strategies (V) Establishment and improvement of CB public transport links (buses, railways) for the benefit of citizens, commuters and tourists • Austrian / German border close to Salzburg • Triangle Germany (Bavaria/Saxony) / Czech Republic: CB public transport system including throughout tariffs; • Swedish/Danish border: common public transport across the Oresund Bridge
  • 20. Evidences of CBC specific added value to implement European strategies (VI) CB tourism concepts and projects : • Lake of Constance (Bodensee) • Germany (Bavaria) / Austria • Poland/Lithuania: joint touristic Service Centre • Galicia / Norte: touristic map for Spanish/Portuguese area • Tatra (Poland/Slovakia) (Carpathians) • Joint touristic marketing and promotion in Ireland/Northern Ireland and the Pyrenees (FR/ES) • Joint touristic strategies for Kent (GB) and North-Pas-de- Callais (FR)
  • 21. Evidences of CBC specific added value to implement European strategies (VII) Greater catchments area for business activities and services …as research facilities and universities, waste disposal, recycling and infrastructure facilities They would not reach a critical mass, or not even be available at all in border regions, if there were no CBC • Joint Research Institute for New Rehabilitation Techniques • Centre for Microscope and Spectroscope Analyses (both in EUREGIO, DE / NL border) • Cooperation network of universities in Oresund, (DK / DE) and in the CB region South Tyrol / Tyrol (IT / AU)
  • 22. Evidences of CBC specific added value to implement European strategies (VIII) Additional synergies and spin-off effects Cooperation of universities, colleges of further education and other educational institutions • Cooperation of universities Strasbourg, Basel, Freiburg in the Upper Rhine region • In Lorraine/Saarland • In Friuli-Venezia Giulia with their neighbours in Slovenia and Austria)
  • 23. Evidences of CBC specific added value to implement European strategies (IX) Sustainable CB management of the environment and environmental protection • Extremadura / Castilla y León /Portugal • The Pyrenees • Germany (Bavaria) /Austria • Austria / Czech Republic • Poland / Ukraine / Belarus • Baltic States / Russia / Belarus
  • 24. Evidences of CBC specific added value to implement European strategies (X) CBC as model for "new governance“ • Everyday and everywhere in Europe • Through Euroregions and similar structures • They practice subsidiarity, partnership, networking, benchmarking, neighbourhood, etc. • … in spite of different languages, structures, competencies and laws on both sides of the border
  • 25. Conclusions I After 2013 : • New opportunities for genuine CBC. 5th cohesion Report recommends to continue (and increase) Territorial Cooperation, in particular CBC. • Treaty of Lisbon also recommends a special attention to CB regions. • The European Parliament has recommended that TC receives 7% of Cohesion Fund (Sánchez Schmid’s report, Pieper’s report) (but latest news: € 5,5 B cut on Cohesion Policy, strong reaction) • Extension of CBC outside the EU borders: - European Eastern Partnership, ENP, and far beyond (Caucasus) - Processes in the Mediterranean basin, the Americas, Africa and Asia
  • 26. Conclusions II • New challenges for CB structures : - promoting “hot” issues (R&D, reconversion, labour market, CB healthcare, …). - Old wine in new bottles? The risk of “dying of fashion”: euroregions, EGTCs, macroregions (Black cat, white cat, …) - The EU legal instrument EGTC has to be improved by learning from lessons up to now • And also for Networks! (AEBR, MOT, NEEBOR, Baltic, Black Sea, Mediterranean, …) (Benedetti: old answers for new questions?) • More exigences for local and regional levels: pre-condition for successful CBC (and more social participation). Political will and participation . • The States involved should also promote CBC (with their own budgets) in new functional spaces .
  • 27. Association of European Border Regions Enscheder Strasse, 362 D-48599 Gronau (Germany) Phone: +49-2562-70219 – Fax: +49-2562-70259 THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION Photo: Kazimierz Branny, Czech-Polish border, 8th July 2006 info@aebr.eu