Metadata: Standards Basics for the Independent Publishing Community, with Graham Bell, Executive Director of EDItEUR, a BISG/IBPA co-production
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The document discusses metadata standards for independent publishers. It provides an overview of EDItEUR, an organization that develops and promotes metadata standards. It discusses key metadata standards like ONIX, ISBN, and ISNI identifiers. It emphasizes that using metadata standards can provide business benefits like enabling efficient communication between partners and increasing sales by allowing more product information to be shared.
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Metadata: Standards Basics for the Independent Publishing Community, with Graham Bell, Executive Director of EDItEUR, a BISG/IBPA co-production
- 1. Metadata standards basics for independent publishers Graham Bell EDItEUR IBPA / BISG webinar series 30th April 2014
- 2. About me • 20 years experience at the point where bookpublishing and technology meet • formerly senior manager in IT department for HarperCollins UK • led development of bibliographic, editorial and digital asset management systems • involved in e-book, e-audio, print-on-demand and online projects • joined EDItEUR in mid-2010, primarily responsible for ONIX development
- 3. About EDItEUR • not-for-profit membership organisation • develops, supports and promotes metadata and identification standards for the book, e-book and serials supply chains • based in London, but a global membership of publishers, distributors, wholesalers, subscription agents, retailers, libraries, system vendors, rights and trade associations • acknowledged centre of expertise on standards and metadata for the industry
- 4. About EDItEUR • also provides management services to LCC, International ISBN, ISTC, ISNI Agencies • EDItEUR has three full-time staff, one FTE part-time staff, plus access to consultants from both the book and serials sectors • works closely with other standards bodies, to ensure EDItEUR standards meet the needs of their stakeholders too • EDItEUR member participation is vital, to ensure standards keep pace with evolving business requirements
- 6. What is metadata? • often defined as ‘data about data’, but this is inadequate in the publishing context • ‘all the product management information that’s needed to make your business work’ • to describe the stuff you publish • to support commercial processes • both internal and external requirements • for the full product lifecycle • data modelling and communication aspects
- 7. And what are identifiers?
- 8. Identifiers • unique labels for ‘things’ (in IT systems) • to address • to disambiguate • to collocate • ideally, persistent, meaningless, managed • to allow unambiguous communication • identification is contextual • identifiers have specific functions or roles • and a scope (types of thing can be identified)
- 9. Metadata and identifier standards – critical enablers for your business
- 13. • tagging • edition • publication date • series, collection, imprint, backlist, out of print, reissue, trade paperback… • metadata requires care for semantics Words in search of a definition
- 14. • tagging • edition • publication date • series, collection, imprint, backlist, out of print, reissue, trade paperback… • metadata requires care for semantics Words in search of a definition An SEO expert walks into a bar, pub, tavern, public house, Irish pub, drinks, beer, alcohol…
- 15. • tagging • edition • publication date • series, collection, imprint, backlist, out of print, reissue, trade paperback… • metadata requires care for semantics Words in search of a definition
- 16. • tagging • edition • publication date • series, collection, imprint, backlist, out of print, reissue, trade paperback… • metadata requires care for semantics Words in search of a definition Third edition Paperback edition First edition
- 17. • tagging • edition • publication date • series, collection, imprint, backlist, out of print, reissue, trade paperback… • metadata requires care for semantics Words in search of a definition The date on which a retail consumer may purchase and take possession of a physical product, or the date on which a retail consumer may access and use a digital product
- 18. • tagging • edition • publication date • series, collection, imprint, backlist, out of print, reissue, trade paperback… • metadata requires care for semantics Words in search of a definition The nominal or approximate date on which the product is made available in the market, used largely for planning and business process purposes. Actual availability to the retailer may be no more than a handful of days prior to (or after) this date and – in the absence of a sales embargo – retail fulfillment to consumers may begin immediately stock is available. For titles where a sales embargo is in place, stock must be sequestered by the retailer until the embargo expires (or one day prior, for mail order fulfillment)
- 19. • tagging • edition • publication date • series, collection, imprint, backlist, out of print, reissue, trade paperback… • metadata requires care for semantics Words in search of a definition
- 20. • tagging • edition • publication date • series, collection, imprint, backlist, out of print, reissue, trade paperback… • metadata requires care for semantics Words in search of a definition
- 25. ISNI public identity identifier
- 26. ISNI • International Standard Name Identifier • ISO Standard 27729 for identification of public identities of parties in creative industries • parties may be people, organisations or even fictional people (for pseudonyms, characters) • typical use case – identify an author, establish difference from another author of the same name, or establish same persona as musician or actor (possibly of different ‘name’) • a cross-domain ‘bridge identifier’, linking data across multiple sources
- 27. Richard Holmes
- 28. Richard Holmes
- 29. Richard Holmes 0000 0001 1768 55420000 0001 2147 5396
- 30. 0000 0000 7725 4712
- 31. What does it look like? ISNI 0000 0000 7725 4712 for display purposes only identifies sector of initial reg check digit may be X 15 decimal (base 10) digits for persona
- 32. Implementing ISNI • strictly, does not identify a person or a name • person (or party) • persona • personality (or presentation) • ISNIs identify personas, or public identities • Фёдор Достоевский = Fyodor Dostoyevski • Richard Bachman = Stephen King (but well- known pseudonyms can be linked) • Sue Welfare = ***** *** (allows for anonymity) / /
- 33. Current status • 2010 – International ISNI Agency http://www.isni.org • 2012 –standard published by ISO • central registration system developed and operated by OCLC in the Netherlands • first eight million ISNIs already assigned, based on pre-existing data in VIAF and IPDA
- 38. Benefits of ISNI • proprietary identifiers are not cross- publisher, and do not provide certainty over the entity (is it a person or a persona?) • ISNI provides cross-publisher, cross-sector public identity • developing links to ORCID, ResearcherID, PlusID, Ringgold • in future, will likely also identify names of organisations
- 39. A contributor identifier is atool to associate your product withothers from thesame creator – authoritatively – cross-media http://www.isni.org
- 40. Identifiers and metadata • inextricably linked. Each type of identifier has a minimum set of metadata attributes, whereby any change in the metadata implies a change in the identifier • attributes define what is unique about the identified thing • an identifier can be thought of as ‘shorthand’ for one particular set of attribute values • metadata registries (eg Bowker Books in Print) hold both the identifiers and the metadata
- 41. ONIX for Books
- 42. What is ONIX? • ONIX for Books is a standard data format based on XML, used to convey a rich range of information about book and book-related products between computer systems in the book and e-book supply chain • publisher to retailer • direct, or via intermediaries such as distributors, data collation services, data registries, wholesalers
- 43. Typical use cases • a publisher needs to provide information about its catalogue of products to a distributor, wholesaler, retailer or other supply chain partner • includes both current and forthcoming products • may cover basic product information and a wide range of collateral material • scope extends over the full lifecycle for book, e- book and other products – ie includes post- publication updates to price and availability
- 44. database database • ONIX for Books is a standardised message specification, not a database • but what you can deliver in your ONIX is dependent on the design of your in-house database • ONIX data model often used to guide design of internal applications
- 45. Roots of ONIX • 1997 EPICS and BIC Basic • 1998 indecs project • 1998 W3C XML specification • 1999 ‘Online Information Exchange’ initiative from AAP Digital Issues working party • ONIX developed by EDItEUR, originally in collaboration with BISG (USA) and BIC (UK) • March 2000 – ONIX International v1.0
- 46. Roots of ONIX • 1997 EPICS and BIC Basic • 1998 indecs project • 1998 W3C XML specification • 1999 ‘Online Information Exchange’ initiative from AAP Digital Issues working party • ONIX developed by EDItEUR, originally in collaboration with BISG (USA) and BIC (UK) • March 2000 – ONIX International v1.0
- 47. Roots of ONIX • current status • managed by EDItEUR and international steering committee • June 2003 ONIX v2.1 – most widely deployed • April 2009 ONIX v3.0 – growing in importance • widely used in North America, Western Europe, Japan, Russia, parts of Eastern Europe, Korea, growing in China • used by small and large organisations alike support for 2.1 will be reduced at end of 2014
- 48. ONIX business benefits • standard is free of charge to use • for publishers – enables supply of rich metadata in a single, standard format, for all downstream needs • for distributors, retailers – efficient, timely delivery and aggregation of data from multiple publishers • a shared ‘language’ enables unambiguous electronic communication
- 49. Contributor SequenceNumber1/SequenceNumber ContributorRoleA01/ContributorRole NameIdentifier NameIDType16/NameIDType IDValue0000000121479135/IDValue /NameIdentifier PersonNameInvertedSjöwall, Maj /PersonNameInverted BiographicalNote textformat=05pMaj Sjöwall is a poet. She lives in Sweden./p /BiographicalNote /Contributor 3.0
- 50. ONIX 3.0 data elements • message details • identity and authority • record details • product identifiers • 1. descriptive details • product form • special features • packaging • physical size • DRM, usage constraints • trade classification • product parts • collection titles • titles • contributors • conference • edition • language • extent • subject • audience
- 51. ONIX 3.0 data elements • 2. collateral details • supporting text • cited material • supporting resources • prizes • 3. content detail • 4. publishing details • imprint and publisher • contact details • lifecycle dates and status • copyright details • territorial sales rights • 5. related material • related works • related products • 6. supply details • market-specific details • suppliers • discounts • prices and tax
- 53. Implementing ONIX • apparently complex, but modular consistent • not too large for a single developer with simple software such as Filemaker • implemented in many off-the-shelf solutions • what should you be looking for? http://www.ipg.uk.com/?id=4815 • BISG best practices https://www.bisg.org/product-metadata-best- practices
- 55. Thema – the subject category scheme for a global book trade
- 56. Thema • launched at Frankfurt Book Fair last year, and version 1.0 released November 2013 • already gaining real traction • endorsed by International Publishers Association, BISG, BookNet Canada and organisations in a dozen other countries • works alongside BISAC (but likely to replace some schemes in other countries) • interactive http://editeur.dyndns.org/thema
- 60. A global scheme • managed by EDItEUR with international steering committee – same model as ONIX • designed to reduce national biases • multi-lingual • national extensions for extra detail • mapping from BISAC to Thema for backlist • including large-scale auto-mapping http://www.booknetcanada.ca/blog/2014/4/24/ introducing-bncs-bisac-to-thema-translator.html
- 62. Showing 13–24 of 841,539 results
- 63. ‘Titles that meet the BIC Basic standard see average sales 98% higher than those that don’t meet the standard.’
- 64. • based on a study of the top-selling 100,000 ISBNs in the UK in 2011
- 65. ‘[For online sales, products] with progressively increasing amounts of enhanced metadata see progressively increasing average sales.’ http://www.nielsenbookdata.co.uk/controller.php?page=1129
- 66. ‘Research has proven that the more information customers have about a book, the more likely they are to buy it.’
- 67. ‘ONIX provides a way to transmit this information in a clean and seamless way across multiple trading partner relationships.’ https://www.bisg.org/onix-books
- 68. ‘Didn’t we used to have a sales team.’
- 69. Metadata is all you have …at least in the growing part of the market