1. SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE
GEOM 406
Course Instructor :Mr. Shashish Maharjan
Presented By: Group 1
Ruby Adhikari (01)
Tina Baidar (02)
1
Arun Bhandari (03)
Biplov Bhandari (04)
Bhanu Bhakta Bhatta (05)
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SDI IN CONTEXT OF
NEPAL

2. INTRODUCTION
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
Spatial Data Infrastructure???
 Its well-known..
A SDI should enable the discovery and delivery of spatial data from
a data repository, via a spatial service provider, to a user Hence,
the basic software components of an SDI are:
 a software client - to display, query, and analyze spatial data (this
could be a browser or a Desktop GIS),
 a catalogue service - for the discovery, browsing, and querying
of metadata or spatial services, spatial datasets and other
resources,
 a spatial data service - allowing the delivery of the data via the
Internet,
 processing services - such as datum and projection transformations,
 a (spatial) data repository - to store data, e.g. a Spatial database,
 GIS software (client or desktop) - to create and update spatial data
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3. SDI IN NEPAL
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In Nepal, SDI is being developed as a tool for
national spatial data collection, storage,
processing and dissemination.
 NSDI is the common portal to use Geo-spatial
data in effective and efficient way and link with
other attribute database
 NSDI helps to reduce duplication of efforts, avoid
redundant expenditures and eliminate corruption
practices

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4. 2/26/2014
Fig1: Operation System Of NSDI
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5. FUNDAMENTAL DATA SETS



The fundamental data sets of Nepal is the National
Topographic Data Base (NTDB)
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
It contains the different layers such as geodetic data,
administrative boundaries, transportation networks,
buildings, Hydrography, Topography, utilities, Land cover,
etc which is organized at sheet level
The basis for NTDB is the digitization of topographic base
maps of scale 1:25 000 for the Terai and the middle
mountains and of scale1:50 000 for high mountains and
Himalayas of Nepal.
Furthermore, a large scale 1:5 000 to 1: 10 000 ortho-photo
database is provided for densely populated urban and semiurban areas.
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6. FRAMEWORK DATA SETS

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Database obtained from different sources of the
related disciplines such as National Data base of
Population Census, Agricultural, Soil, Geological,
etc.
The aggregation and integration of fundamental
data sets and framework data sets solves the
purpose of NSDI.
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7. NGIIP


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Government of Nepal has initiated the National
Geographical Information Infrastructure Programme
(NGIIP) for building NSDI since 2002.
Mission
To strengthen planning and resource management in
Nepal through the development of a geographic
information infrastructure for the access of
geographic and related data for decision-making.
Objectives
To develop an NGII platform to facilitate data sharing
among Survey Department, Central Bureau of
Statistics and participating agencies.
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8. CURRENT STAKEHOLDERS
Survey Department

Central Bureau of Statistics

Ministry of Local Development

Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives

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
Department of Health Services
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9. KEY UNITS OF NGIIP
Management Unit

Planning and Monitoring Unit

System and Technology Development Unit

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
Digital Mapping Unit
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10. WORKGROUPS
Institution And Legislation Working Group

Pricing And Commercialization Working Group

Standards Working Group

Production of Maps & Atlas

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
Production of Index of Geographical Names
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11. STANDARDS WORKING GROUP
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Overall responsibility of the Standards Working Group
 Develop data standards on data that the participating
agencies produce
 Develop the standards for the content, quality,
classification and presentation / symbology of the
data,
The data content standard is presented in Entity
Relationship (ER) or Unified Modeling Language (UML)
model, preferably in UML model.
 The model is expanded into the database schemas.
 The data quality parameters is identified and defined.
 A standard data classification and presentation scheme is
developed.




Define process that the agencies need to follow to
collect, update and disseminate the data,
Define process that the agencies need to follow to
generate, update and make the metadata available,
Specify the relevant technology,
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12. POLICIES

In Nepal, several policy issues have been
discussed at several forum, and many policy
decisions have been undertaken.
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
However, a comprehensive NGII policy document
is still missing
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13. DATA AND PRODUCTS AVAILABLE
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1. The Population and Socio Economic Atlas of
Nepal
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14. MAPS AVAILABLE
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An index of the maps is provided on the left hand side of
the screen.
 General maps
 Basic population characteristics
 Literacy and education
 Economic activity and employment
 Gender aspect
 Household and amenities
 Environment, health, water and sanitation
 Agriculture
 Industry
 Population trends and projectections
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15. AN EXAMPLE..
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16. INTERACTION WITH MAPS
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Panning
 Expanding and collapsing the frame on the left of
the screen

Zooming
 Viewing overlays
 Save options



Print options
Search options
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17. 2/26/2014
Fig: Zoomed Map
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18. To view various information about the “The
Population and Socio-Economic Atlas of Nepal”,
the desired option can be chosen from the drop
down box available in the top left of the screen.
 Selecting the options will open the specific
documents in the main frame.

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Data Source:
The Atlas is result of the integration and
mapping of result datasets primarily from
Population Census 2001 and the basic
topographic datasets. Moreover there are several
other maps derived using datasets based on
Agriculture Census 2001/2002 conducted by
Central Bureau of Statistics, Census of
Manufacturing Establishments 2001/2002
conducted by Central Bureau of Statistics,
Health related data from Department of Health,
and School educational data from Ministry of
Education and Sports. Also included is an image
map based on Landsat ETM courtesy of Earth
Satellite Corporation USA.
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19. 2. INDEX OF GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES
Volume I
Eastern Development Region

Volume II
Central Development Region

Volume III
Western Development Region

Volume IV
Mid Western Development Region

Volume V

Orthophoto Maps and Data : Available for Assigned Areas
only

SOTER / Soil Data
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
Far Western Development Region
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20. Publications:
Volume II Central Development Region
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Map Sheet layout
 Introduction
 Foreword
 Explanatory Notes
 The Transliteration and Translation Rules
Adopted [ pdf ]
 List of Settlements [ pdf ]
 List of Rivers [ pdf ]
 List of Canals, Roads and Ridges [ pdf ]
 List of Passes, Goths, Kharkas, Peaks [ pdf

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21. AN EXAMPLE..
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22. 3. TOPOGRAPHICAL DATA
oData provided for specific
application.
oSame user has to report and
will be provided permission
for new application.
oCan not resale or lease etc to
third party.
oAbide by data distribution
policy of Government of
Nepal.
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Topographical data are
available on conditions:
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23. INDEX MAP OF TOPOGRAPHIC DATABASE
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24. 4. ORTHOPHOTO MAPS AND DATA
o Available For Assigned Areas Only
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25. 5. SOTER/SOIL DATA
Soil and Terrain data for whole of Nepal
developed by the cooperation of Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO) is available.
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
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26. RECENT PROGRAMS:
oJune
The event concluded by drawing set of resolutions as follows:
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29, 2007: Symposium of Senior Policy Executives and
Decision-Makers on Spatial Data Infrastructure.
Resolution 1: SDI initiatives in Nepal developed as NGII is
essential and necessary, and that it be promoted further.
Resolution 2: A guiding policy statement on the importance of
NSDI and Geo-ICT be stated in the National IT Policy and a
comprehensive SDI Policy be formulated separately.
Resolution 3: An appropriate institutional framework for SDI be
approved by Government of Nepal under the umbrella of a National
Geo-Information Council (to be formed) headed by National Planning
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Commission and a National Geo-Information Centre

27. Resolution 4: All geo-data produces and users
organizations contribute through de-facto participation in
NSDI through publishing metadata of their data in the
NGII clearinghouse and that they encourage their experts
to participate in different Working Groups.
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
Resolution 5: All geo-data produces and users
organizations contribute to the promotion of NSDI through
exchange and sharing of non-restricted data easily and
freely (which means at a minimal cost); and in so-doing
review and revise the pricing of their data to keep minimal.
Resolution 6: The National Planning Commission take
appropriate step to state the importance of SDI and a
commitment for its promotion in the soon-to-be formulated
three-years' Interim Plan which is due to be approved by
Government of Nepal.
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28. 
July 2, 2008: Workshop on Spatial Data Infrastructure and
Disaster Management
Following five technical papers were presented during the
workshop:
 Spatial Data Infrastructure: Opportunities and
Challenges (Mr. D.M.Kayastha, NGIIP)
 SDI and National Atlas (Mr. S.M.Shrestha, NGIIP)
 SDI and Disaster Management (Mr. S.K.Dhakal, NGIIP)
 SDI and Land Administration (Mr.
S.N.Rajbhandari,DOLIA)
 Geomatic Education in the context of SDI (Dr. Bhola
Thapa, KU)
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The workshop was attended by some forty officials
representing different Ministries, Departments, Stakeholders
and Universities
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29. 2/26/2014
The workshop concluded by drawing a set of resolutions as
follows:
 Government of Nepal should take necessary initiatives to
facilitate development of suitable infrastructures of
geographic information and to establish Disaster Management
Support System at appropriate level in the country
 National Policy of geographic information should be
formulated and adopted. A high level geographic
data/information committee be constituted with appropriate
representation of all stakeholders to enhance inter-agency
cooperation and also to manage all sectors related with spatial
data and information, in order to achieve effective and
sustainable development of geographic information. Also
emphasized the need of establishing a National Geographic
data/information Centre as an implementing agency of the
proposed high level committee.
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30. 
National Atlas signifies the level of development of a
nation. Considering above adage, preparation of national
Atlas should be expedited, the first step would be forming a
committee of related experts.
In order to facilitate informed decision making and also to
support coordinated development of national geographic
information infrastructure, all government agencies should
take necessary initiatives to establish a GIS unit.
Government of Nepal shall give highest priority in
acquisition, archiving and distribution of updated
information in all government agencies including survey
department. Environment should be created to facilitate
sharing of data among government agencies at minimal
cost and with ease.
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
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31. in Nepal Administrative Staff College, Jawalakhel, Lalitpur
June 18,2009

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“SDI Policy Framework in The Nepalese
Context”
The workshop was attended by sixty officials representing
different ministries, departments, private sector,
international organization, universities and civil servant
trade unions.
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32. The objectives of the workshop were:



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disseminate information on the latest status of NGIIP,
share information about the works of private sectors
and international organizations in the field of SDI,
to obtain input from the professionals involved in the
use and production of spatial data in order to make the
national policy on SDI,
to establish and strengthen cooperation, coordination
and collaboration among the partners of the Nepalese
SDI initiatives.
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
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33. Following four technical papers were presented in the
workshop:
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1. Current status of NGIIP in Survey Department, Mr. D. R.
Bhandari, NGIIP
2. Data Preparedness for Emergencies and National Spatial
Data Infrastructure (NSDI) in the Nepalese Context, Mr. P.
Kumar / Mr. P. Pr. Sapkota, UN OCHA
3. Development trend of SDI and the role of Private sector in
building National SDI – An Experience of private sector
involving in Spatial Data Preparation, Dr. B. R. Shrestha /
Mr. S. Shrestha, Geospatial Systems Pvt. Ltd.
4. Need of policy on Spatial Data Infrastructure, Mr. N. R.
Subedi, NGIIP
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34. DISCUSSION IN PROGRAM
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Most of the participants took part in the open
discussion session of the workshop. The following
points summarize the discussion:
 data sharing culture should be developed,
 working with spatial data has been difficult due
to lack of policy on spatial data,
 build a central data bank,
 updating of existing spatial data,
 develop a mechanism to secure the data,
 disseminate information about the existence of
data,
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35. DISCUSSION IN PROGRAM…




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private sector organizations can play positive role in
developing SDI policy,
develop national standard for spatial data,
new generation of employees should be trained and
given opportunity to work in the field of spatial data,
publish metadata and share them wherever possible,
develop national code for features and use them in
practice,
the participants highly appreciated the recent
decision by the Government of Nepal to reduce the
price of digital data being disseminated by SD,
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
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36. CONCLUSION
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In order to address the above concerns a national
policy on SDI should be formulated and adopted.
 With this aim, it is recommended that the Survey
Department constitute a policy drafting
committee with appropriate representation of all
stakeholders (public and private sectors). And
present before all concerned before finalizing it.

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37. REFERENCES
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www.ngiip.gov.np/projects/docs/atlas_userManua
l.pdf
 http://www.fgdc.gov/metadata/geospatialmetadata-standards

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