1. Cellular transport occurs through passive or active methods. Passive transport relies on diffusion or facilitates diffusion down a concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy to move substances against a gradient. 2. The cell cycle involves interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis to duplicate a cell's contents and divide it into two daughter cells. During interphase, the cell grows and copies its DNA. Mitosis then divides the nucleus and chromosomes. Cytokinesis finally divides the cytoplasm. 3. Factors like diffusion limits, DNA and organelle replication needs, and surface area to volume ratios constrain cell size, requiring cell division for growth. Cancer results from uncontrolled cell division leading to tumors that can metastasize.