3. • A network of networks, joining many government,
university and private computers together and
providing an infrastructure for the use of E-mail,
bulletin boards, file archives, hypertext documents,
databases and other computational resources
• The vast collection of computer networks which form
and act as a single huge network for transport of data
and messages across distances which can be
anywhere from the same office to anywhere in the
world.
4. 1969 - RFCs begun by S. Crocker
1970’s - TCP by Vint Cerf & Bob Kahn
Evolved into TCP/IP, and UDP
1972 - Email by Ray Tomlinson & Larry Roberts
1980s – Hardware Explosion (LANs, PCs, and
workstations)
1983 – Ethernet by Metcalfe
DNS – Distributed and scalable mechanism for
resolving host names into IP addresses
UC Berkeley implements TCP/IP into Unix BSD
1985 – Internet used by researchers and developers
5. • Via Internet, computers can
contact each other
• Public files on computers can be
read by remote
User – usually HyperText Markup
Language (.html)
• HTTP - HyperText Transfer
Protocol
• URL - Universal Resource Locator
- is name of file on a remote
computer
6. HTTP: HyperText Transfer
Protocol
Client-Server model
Request-Response pattern
Limitations of HTTP:
Stateless, no built-in support for
tracking clients
(session management)
No built-in security
mechanisms
7. • Mosaic (1993) was first point-and-click
browser
• Web browsers are the software we
use to view web pages
• Netscape Navigator and Internet
Explorer
are most popular
• Netscape Navigator was original, but
Microsoft leveraged IE on market
8. Intranet is Intra+ Net so an Intranet is an internal or private
Internet used strictly within the confines of a company,
university, or organization. "Inter" means "between or
among," hence the difference between the Internet and an
Intranet.
An Intranet is a network based on the internet TCP/IP
open standard. An intranet belongs to an organization, and
is designed to be accessible only by the organization's
members, employees, or others with authorization. An
intranet's Web site looks and act just like other Web sites,
9. • The indexing and retrieval of textual documents.
• Searching for pages on the World Wide Web is the
most recent “killer app.”
• Concerned firstly with retrieving relevant documents
to a query.
• Concerned secondly with retrieving from large sets of
documents efficiently.
10. To search the Internet you use what are called
Internet search engines.
These are easily accessed via your Internet
browser
(i.e. Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape
Navigator/Communicator).
Within the search engine you enter a word or
phrase
and it will retrieve documents from the Internet
based on the information you typed in.
13. Stands for "Information Technology," and is pronounced "I.T."
It refers to anything related to computing technology, such as
networking, hardware, software, the Internet, or the people
that work with these technologies. Many companies now
have IT departments for managing the computers, networks,
and other technical areas of their businesses. IT jobs include
computer programming, network administration, computer
engineering, Web development, technical support, and many
other related occupations. Since we live in the "information
age," information technology has become a part of our
everyday lives. That means the term "IT," already highly
14. • Data: raw facts
– Alphanumeric, image, audio, and video
• Information: collection of facts organized in such a
way that they have additional value beyond the value of
the facts themselves
– Value of Information is directly linked to how it
helps decision makers achieve their organization’s
goals and can be measured
• in time required to make a decision
• Increased profits to the company
