Systematizing metaphors

Systematizing Metaphors Barbara Konat Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Poland Seminar: Metaphors in Language and Cognition WS 2007 Hildesheim Universitaet

Creative Commons: NonCommercial-ShareAlike ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Why metaphors? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Group work ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Tip: some words are italianized

Introducing… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],George P. Lakoff ( born May 24, 1941) is a professor of cognitive linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley , where he has taught since 1972. Source: Wikipedia

..and: ,[object Object],[object Object],* Metaphors We Live By (co-authored with George Lakoff), University of Chicago, 1980. * Philosophical Perspectives on Metaphor, University of Minnesota, 1981. * The Body in the Mind: The Bodily Basis of Meaning, Imagination, and Reason, University of Chicago, 1987. * Moral Imagination: Implications of Cognitive Science for Ethics, University of Chicago, 1993. * Philosophy in the Flesh: The Embodied Mind and Its Challenge to Western Thought, (co-authored with George Lakoff), Basic Books, 1999. * "We Are Live Creatures: Embodiment, American Pragmatism, and the Cognitive Organism." In Body, Language, and Mind, vol. 1. Zlatev, Jordan; Ziemke, Tom; Frank, Roz; Dirven, René (eds.). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, forthcoming 2005 (coauthored with Tim Rohrer). http://www.uoregon.edu/~uophil/faculty/mjohnson/mjohnson.html Source: Wikipedia

„ Metaphors we live by” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

1. Conceptual metaphors, metaphorical conceptualization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Tip: Conceptual metaphors are traditionally written with CAPITAL letters

1. Conceptual Metaphor- example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

2. Source and target domain E. g. in ARGUMENT IS WAR Source domain: war Target domain: argument

-transformation is based on correspondences between elements within source and target domains -they’re not simply similarities 3. Mappings

4. Types of conceptual metaphors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],E. g. ARGUMENT IS WAR

4. Types of conceptual metaphors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],E. g. HAPPY IS UP / SAD IS DOWN MORE IS UP/LESS IS DOWN

4. Types of conceptual metaphors ,[object Object],[object Object],E. g. FEELINGS ARE CONTAINERS TIME IS COMMODITY TIME IS SPACE

5. Systematicity? ,[object Object]

5. Systematicity? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

5. Systematicity! ,[object Object],[object Object]

6. Highlighting and hiding ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

6. Highlighting and hiding ,[object Object],[object Object]

6. Experiental basis ,[object Object],[object Object]

Experiental basis- group work ,[object Object]

Almost The End  - Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Systematizing metaphors

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