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Eukaryotic cell
- 1. A. Introduction about organells of the eukaryotic cell. B. Organells of animal and plant cells C. Summary
- 2. Introduction about organells of the eukaryotic cell 1. What is the eukaryotic cell?
- 3. Organells of animal and plant cells • Those organelles bounded by a single membrane are covered first, followed by the three types that have a double membrane— the nucleus, mitochondrion, and chloroplast.
- 4. Organells of animal and plant cells Nucleus • Nucleus contains a eukaryotic cell’s genetic library. • Contains nucleous and chromatin.
- 5. Endosomes Endosomes Take Up Soluble Macromolecules from the Cell Exterior
- 6. Lysosome • Lysosomes are membrane-bound vesicles that contain hydrilytic enzymes. • Digestive organell where macromolecules are hydrolyzed. • Tay-Sachs disease and Gaucher' disease.
- 7. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Rough ER : Secreted proteins and membrane proteins are synthesized Smooth ER : important in lipid synthesis
- 8. Peroxisome • Peroxisomes are small organelles containing enzymes that oxidize various organic compounds without the production of ATP.
- 9. Golgi Apparatus • Organelle active in synthesis, storing and secretion of cell products. • The Golgi apparatus forms a part of the cellular endomembrane system.
- 10. Plant Vacuoles • Storage sites for ions and nutrients.
- 11. Mitochondrion • Mitochondria produce ATP using energy stored in food molecules. • Breaks down sugar (glucose) molecules to release energy. • Site of aerobic cellular respiration.
- 12. Chloroplast • Chloroplasts absorbs light energy to conserve free energy in the form of ATP and reduce NADP to NADPH.
- 13. Summary
- 14. Discussion • Where is ribosome located? 1. Rough ER 2. Smooth ER 3. Plasma membrane • What is the differtion between rough ER and smooth ER?
- 15. References • Molecular Cell Biology, 5th - ISBN 0716743663 - 967 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote • http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukary otic_cells.html • http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are- eukaryotic-cells.htm
Hinweis der Redaktion
- including paramecium, amoeba and yeasts, to name a few.The basic Eukaryotic cell contains the following: Plasma membrane around their nucleus Cytoplasm (the semi fluid substance inside the membrane. Has a cytoskeleton – the microfilaments and microtubules that suspend organelles, this gives it shape, and allow for the cells motion. Has membrane enclosed subsellular organelles. Cells that have a membrane around their nucleus. _ Cells usually are 10 times larger than Prokaryote cells. _Eukaryotic cells are found in multi-cellular eukaryotic organisms or single-celled eukaryotes
- _ The things or structures (PARTS) inside of a cell that perform the functions necessary for the cell to survive.
- An organelle inside of the cell that directs the activity in the cell. It holds the DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) This is the blue print material (directions) for the cell. It tells how to reproduce and perform all of the cells jobs.
- Molecules are also transported to endosomes from the Golgi and either continue to lysosomes or recycle back to the Golgi.
- Organelle that eats worn out cell parts. It contains digestive enzymes. Lysosomes are round membrane surrounded structures that can be found anywhere in the cytoplasm.Sometimes they are called suicide bags because they encase the worn out part that is to be digested. Location: Animal as well as plant cells Description Small and round with a single membrane Function Breaks down larger food molecules into smaller molecules Digests old cell parts
- The EndThe synthesis of fatty acids and phospholipids occurs in the smooth ER.Ribosome bound to the rough ER synthesize certain membrane and organelle proteins and virtually all proteins to be secreted from the cell. important in transporting proteins made of ribosomes on the rough ERoplasmic Reticulum Is a Network of Interconnected Internal Membranes
- By-products of oxidation are used in biosynthetic reactions.
- The Golgi Complex Processes and Sorts Secreted and Membrane Proteins. Some vesicles carry membrane proteins destined for the plasma membrane or soluble proteins to be released from the cell surface; others carry soluble or membrane proteins to lysosomes or other or-ganelles.
- Omostic flow of water into vacuoles generates turgor pressure that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall.the lumen of a vacuole contains a battery of degradative enzymes and has an acidic pH, which is maintained by similar transport proteins in the vacuolar membrane. Thus plant vacuoles may also have a degradative function similar to that of lysosomes in animal cells.
- More than 40 known typesMitochondrial disease is a difficult disorder to identify because it can take many forms, and range from mild to severe.
- Chloroplasts contain a complex system of thylakoid membranes in their interiors. These membranes contain the pigments and enzymes that absorb light and produce ATPduring photosynthesis.