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Package-based Description Logics – Preliminary Results Jie Bao , Doina Caragea, Vasant Honavar Artificial Intelligence Research Laboratory Computer Science Department Iowa State University  Ames, IA USA 50011 Email: baojie@cs.iastate.edu
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Modular Ontologies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A Distributed Semantic Web Berners-Lee, T., Hendler, J., and Lassila, O. (2001).The semantic web. Scientific American, 284(5):34-43.
A COB Example Swine Cattle Chicken Horse Each group works on an ontology module for a particular species (according to the group’s best expertise) Collaborative building of an animal trait ontology that involves multiple research groups across the world
Ontology Languages Needed ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Modular Ontology Languages Today OWL 2002  2003  2004  2005  2006 C-OWL CTXWL E-Connections Our approach DDL based ? (E-connection can also work other logics e.g. modal logic) P-DL (to be discussed at the WoMO workshop)
Modular Ontology Languages Today (2) ,[object Object],[object Object],PetOwner Pet owns ,[object Object],[object Object],Pet Animal Dog (onto) (into)
Expressivity Comparison [Baot et al. ASWC 2006]
Open problems  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Package ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],General Pet Wild Livestock Animal ontology PetDog Pet Dog General
Package: Example O 1  (General Animal) O 2  (Pet) It uses ALCP, but not ALCP C
Ongoing work: Scope Limitation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],P 3 P 1 P 2 public private P 1 P 2 public private
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Localized Semantics O 1 O 2 Animal I Carnivore I Dog I foo I Dog I Pet I PetDog I x eats I 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 DogFood I 2 Animal I 2
Semantics of Importing Animal I Carnivore I Dog I x foo I Dog I Pet I PetDog I x eats I 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 DogFood I 2 Animal I 2 Image domain relation O 1 O 2 importing
Global Interpretations ,[object Object],[object Object],Animal I Carnivore I Dog I I PetDog I x Pet I eats I g g g g g g foo I g DogFood I g
Partially Overlapped Model bijective (one-to-one) Transitive (Compositional consistent) Δ I 1 Δ I 2 x x’ C I 1 C I 2 r 12 Δ I 3 r 13 r 23 x’’ C I 3 x C I Global interpretation obtained from local Interpretations by merging shared individuals
P-DL Semantics Features ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reasoning for Modular Ontology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Distributed Reasoning Chef:  Hello there, children!   Where does Kyle move to?  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Stan: So they  are  far from us. Too Bad. Stan:  Hey, Chef . Is Kyle’s new home far from us? Cartman:  San Francisco, I guess.
Federated Reasoning for P-DL ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(1) (2) (3) (4)
ALCP C  Expansion Example L 3 (x)={ A⊓  D ,   C⊔D A,  C,   D} Transitive Subsumption Propagation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],,    B T 3 x ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],r(x,  C ) x x r(x,A) T 2 T 1 L 2 (x)={  B⊔C  C ,   B} L 1 (x)={  A⊔B A , B  } r(x,  B )  (x)  (x)  (x)
ALCP C  Expansion Example (2) x 1 {A 1 } x 1 {B 1 } {A 3 } x 4 Local Reasoner for package A Local Reasoner for package B {A 2 } x 2 r A {B 2 } x 3 r B {B 3 } x 4 r B x 1 {A 1 ,B 1 } {A 2 } {A 3 ,B 3 } {B 2 } x 2 x 3 x 4 The (conceptual) global tableau r A r B r B
More complex situations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ongoing: Concealable Reasoning ,[object Object],[object Object],Queries Yes Unknown
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Collaborative Ontology Building ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The COB Editor Pig Package Cattle Package Chicken Package http://sourceforge.net/projects/cob/
WikiOnt 2 (under development) A Wiki-based Ontology Editor with GUI Will be on http://sourceforge.net/projects/wikiont/
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Main Contributions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ongoing work ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Publications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://boole.cs.iastate.edu:9090/popeye/Wiki.jsp?page=Academic.Basic.CV.Publication
Publications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
References (Related Work) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
SLM: example A schedule ontology Hidden: details of the activity Visible: there is an activity [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] Package   Package Hierarchy  Scope Limitation
DL Interpretation - Example Interpretation :  In any world (or called model) that conforms to the ontology   Ontology: Dog   I Animal I ,[object Object],goofy I ,[object Object],eats I ,[object Object],DogFood I
Messages y y {C?} T 1 T 2 y y {C} C(y) T 1 T 2
Tableau Expansion Tableau Expansion for ALCP C  with acyclic concept importing More expressive extensions in action: SHOIQ + P

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Package-based Description Logics – Preliminary Results

  • 1. Package-based Description Logics – Preliminary Results Jie Bao , Doina Caragea, Vasant Honavar Artificial Intelligence Research Laboratory Computer Science Department Iowa State University Ames, IA USA 50011 Email: baojie@cs.iastate.edu
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. A Distributed Semantic Web Berners-Lee, T., Hendler, J., and Lassila, O. (2001).The semantic web. Scientific American, 284(5):34-43.
  • 5. A COB Example Swine Cattle Chicken Horse Each group works on an ontology module for a particular species (according to the group’s best expertise) Collaborative building of an animal trait ontology that involves multiple research groups across the world
  • 6.
  • 7. Modular Ontology Languages Today OWL 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 C-OWL CTXWL E-Connections Our approach DDL based ? (E-connection can also work other logics e.g. modal logic) P-DL (to be discussed at the WoMO workshop)
  • 8.
  • 9. Expressivity Comparison [Baot et al. ASWC 2006]
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. Package: Example O 1 (General Animal) O 2 (Pet) It uses ALCP, but not ALCP C
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16. Localized Semantics O 1 O 2 Animal I Carnivore I Dog I foo I Dog I Pet I PetDog I x eats I 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 DogFood I 2 Animal I 2
  • 17. Semantics of Importing Animal I Carnivore I Dog I x foo I Dog I Pet I PetDog I x eats I 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 DogFood I 2 Animal I 2 Image domain relation O 1 O 2 importing
  • 18.
  • 19. Partially Overlapped Model bijective (one-to-one) Transitive (Compositional consistent) Δ I 1 Δ I 2 x x’ C I 1 C I 2 r 12 Δ I 3 r 13 r 23 x’’ C I 3 x C I Global interpretation obtained from local Interpretations by merging shared individuals
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. ALCP C Expansion Example (2) x 1 {A 1 } x 1 {B 1 } {A 3 } x 4 Local Reasoner for package A Local Reasoner for package B {A 2 } x 2 r A {B 2 } x 3 r B {B 3 } x 4 r B x 1 {A 1 ,B 1 } {A 2 } {A 3 ,B 3 } {B 2 } x 2 x 3 x 4 The (conceptual) global tableau r A r B r B
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31. The COB Editor Pig Package Cattle Package Chicken Package http://sourceforge.net/projects/cob/
  • 32. WikiOnt 2 (under development) A Wiki-based Ontology Editor with GUI Will be on http://sourceforge.net/projects/wikiont/
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40. SLM: example A schedule ontology Hidden: details of the activity Visible: there is an activity [CTS06 Paper] a.k.a [1] Package Package Hierarchy Scope Limitation
  • 41.
  • 42. Messages y y {C?} T 1 T 2 y y {C} C(y) T 1 T 2
  • 43. Tableau Expansion Tableau Expansion for ALCP C with acyclic concept importing More expressive extensions in action: SHOIQ + P

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