9. C
----
----
----
Source Code F
F F source code
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 9
10. C
F (Compiler)
F F F F F
F F F F F F
F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 10
11. F
Main()
F
F F
{
printf(“XX”);
printf(“YY”);
}
F F F
F F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 11
12. F F C
F F F
F F F copy
disk F F
source code
F F F (Binary)
executable file (.exe)
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 12
13. F C
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 13
14. F C
// Comment
#include <stdio.h> /* Hearder file */
… Data declarations …;
int main( ) {
… Executable statement …;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 14
15. F C
// Comment
#include <stdio.h> /* Hearder file */
… Data declarations …;
int main( ) {
… Executable statement …;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 15
16. F C
// Comment
#include <stdio.h> /* Hearder file */
… Data declarations …;
Header File F
int main( ) { F F
… Executable statement …;
} F F F F F
F
Preprocessor Directive
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 16
17. F C
// Comment
#include <stdio.h> /* Hearder file */
… Data declarations …; F
int main( ) {
… Executable statement …;
} data_type variable ;
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 17
18. main Function F F
F C
// Comment { }
#include <stdio.h> /* Hearder file */
function
function main
… Data declarations …; F
int main( ) {
… Executable statement …;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 18
19. F C
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 19
20. F C
F F F F { }
F (function) F main( )
F ; (semi colon)
F F
F , (comma) F
(Parameters)
F /* … */ F F F F
compiler
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 20
21. Example ex01.c
ex01.c
#include <stdio.h> //#include “stdio.h”
#include <conio.h>
int main( ) {
printf(“Hello World!!!”);
getch( );
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 21
22. Example ex02.c
ex02.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main( ) {
printf(“Hello World!!!”);
system(“PAUSE”);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 22
23. Example ex03.c
ex03.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main( ) {
printf(“Hello “);
printf(“World!!!”);
printf(“n”);
system(“PAUSE”);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 23
24. Example ex03.c
ex03.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main( ) {
printf(“Hellon “);
printf(“World!!!”);
system(“PAUSE”);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 24
31. Example limit.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>
int main( ) {
printf(“Minimum char = %dn“, CHAR_MIN);
printf(“Maximum char = %dn”, CHAR_MAX);
printf(“Minimum int = %in”, INT_MIN);
printf(“Maximum int = %in”, INT_MAX);
return 0;
}
Minimum char = -128, Maximum char = 127
Minimum int = -32768, Maximum int = 32767
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 31
32. F
( )
Char 1 ASCII 1
0 255
Int 2 –32768 32767
Short 2 –32768 32767
Long 4 ±
2000
Unsigned Unsigned short = 2 0 65535
Unsigned long = 4 0 4000
Float 4 10x x
–37 +38
Double 8
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 32
33. C
F F F a-z A-Z _
F A-Z a-z
0-9 _
F F F F F F
F
F F F F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 33
34. C (Cont.)
F (Reserved Word)
auto break case char const
continue default do double else
enum extern float for goto
if int long register return
short signed sizeof static struct
switch typedef union unsigned void
volatile while
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 34
35. F C
: :
average pi 3rd_entry all$done
number_of_students the end int
entry_total
entryTot
al
all_total allTotal
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 35
36. C
: int num;
type name; float y;
: char c;
double salary;
type
name ( C)
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 36
37. C
:
type name = value;
:
type
name ( C)
value F F
int num = 10;
float y = 5.2;
char c = ‘A’;
double salary = 25.00;
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 37
39. C
(Operator) F F
F F (+), (-), (*)
(/) F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 39
40. C (Cont.)
Assignment Statement
Arithmetic Operators
Increment/Decrement Operators
Other Assignment Operators
Comparison Operators
Logical Operators
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 40
41. Assignment Statement
F F F
F =
:
variable = expression;
:
variable
expression F F F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 41
46. Example math1.c
math1
#include <stdio.h>
a+b=7
int main( ) { a-b=3
a * b = 10
int a = 5, b = 2, z;
z = a + b;
printf(“a + b = %dn”, z);
z = a - b;
printf(“a - b = %dn”, z);
z = a * b;
printf(“a * b = %dn”, z);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 46
47. Example math2.c
math2
#include <stdio.h>
int main( ) { div = 2
mod = 1
int a = 5, b = 2, z;
z = a / b;
printf(“div = %dn”, z);
z = a % b;
printf(“mod = %dn”, z);
// printf(“a %% b = %dn”, z);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 47
48. Increment/Decrement Operators
/ F 1
F 1 F ++
F 1 F --
int i = 5, j = 4;
i++; // i = i + 1; “i” becomes 6
--j; // j = j – 1; “j” becomes 3
++i; // i = i + 1; “i” becomes 7
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 48
50. Example inc_dec.c
#include <stdio.h>
n= 5
n= 6
int main( ) { n= 6
int n = 5; n= 7
printf(“n = %dn”, n);
printf(“++n = %dn”, ++n);
printf(“n++ = %dn”, n++);
printf(“n = %dn”, n);
return 0;
} Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 50
51. Example effect.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main( ) { 8
int value = 1, result;
result = (value++ * 5) + (value++ * 3);
printf("%dn", result);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 51
53. Example other_ass.c
#include <stdio.h>
void main( ) { Before b = 1
After b = 6
int a = 5, b = 1;
printf(“Before b = %dn”, b);
b += a; // b = b + a;
printf(“After b = %dn”, b);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 53
55. Logical Operators
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 55
56. Table Logical Operators
A B A && B A || B !A
True True True True False
True False False True False
False True False True True
False False False False True
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 56
57. F (EXPRESSION)
C
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 57
58. F (Expression) C
F (Expression) F F
F F F
F
F y = 2x * 5, 2xy – 5 F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 58
59. F C (Cont.)
1. F C
F C F
F F
C
2. F F
F F
F F F
C F F F
F F* x F/
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 59
60. F C (Cont.)
3. F F
F F
F C (&&, ||, !) F
F F F F F F
F
c && (a <= b), (b >= c) || (c <= a)
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 60
61. F C (Cont.)
4. F
F F F F
F F F
F
a / b + 15 * c (a – b) * 10 / c
F F F
F C F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 61
62. 1 ()
2 !, ++, --, (typecast)
3 *, /, %
4 +, -
5 <, <=, >, >=
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 62
63. (Cont.)
6 = =, !=
7 &&
8 ||
9 *=, /=, %=, +=, -=
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 63
64. F
C
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 64
65. F C
F F F F int + float
int – char
F F
F F
C F Casting 2
◦ F
◦ F F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 65
66. F
F C F F
F
F F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 66
67. F
Var. 1 Var. 2 Var. 3
char int chat -> int
int long int -> long
int unsigned int int -> unsigned int
int float int -> float
int double int -> double
float double float -> double
long double long -> double
double long double double -> long double
68. Example implicit.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main( ) {
int n = 5;
float f = 3.5, r;
r = 8.500000
r = n + f;
printf(“r = %fn”, r);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 68
69. F F
F
F F F
:
(type)expression;
:
type F
expression F F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 69
70. Example explicit.c
#include <stdio.h>
n = 5.000000
int main( ) { f=3
int n = 5; n+f=8
float f = 3.2;
printf(“n = %fn”, (float)n);
printf(“f = %dn”, (int)f);
printf(“n + f = %dn”, (n + (int)f));
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 70
71. F
C
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 71
72. C
F F F F
F F printf( ) F
F F F F
F F
:
printf ( format, exp.1, exp.2, …);
:
format F F
exp.1, exp.2 F F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 72
74. F
%d %i
%u
%0
%x
%f (6 )
%e E e
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 74
75. (Cont.)
F
%c 1 (char)
%s F (string)
%p F (pointer)
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 75
76. n F
t F F F 1 tab ( F 6 )
r F cursor F F
f F F F 1 F
b F 1
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 76
77. Example control.c
#include <stdio.h>
5 10
int main( ) { 15
int a = 5, b = 10, c;
printf(“%dt%dn”, a, b);
c = a + b;
printf(“%d”, c);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 77
78. F putchar(
putchar( )
:
putchar (expression);
:
expression F F
F ‘ ’ F ‘A’
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 78
79. Example putchar.c
#include <stdio.h>
Func. printf( ) : A
int main( ) { Func. putchar( ) : A
char ch = ‘A’;
printf(“Func. printf( ) : %cn”, ch);
printf(“Func. putchar( ) : ”);
putchar(ch);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 79
80. F F puts( )
:
puts (expression);
:
expression F F
F “ ” F “ABC”
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 80
81. Example puts.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main( ) {
char str[ ] = “ABC”;
printf(“Func. printf( ) : %sn”, str);
printf(“Func. puts( ) : ”);
puts(str);
Func. printf( ) : ABC
return 0; Func. putchar( ) : ABC
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 81
82. F C
F F C F F
scanf( ) F F
F F F FF
(Integer), (Floating point),
(Character) F (String)
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 82
83. F C (Cont.)
:
scanf (format, &var.1, &var.2, …);
:
format F F F
var.1, var.2 F F F
& F F string
F F & F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 83
84. F F F F scanf(
scanf( )
scanf(“%d %f %d”, &var1, &var2, &var3);
scanf(“%d/%f/%d”, &var1, &var2, &var3);
scanf(“%d,%f,%d”, &var1, &var2, &var3);
scanf(“%s %s %s”, var1, var2, var3);
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 84
85. Example scanf1.c
scanf1
#include <stdio.h>
Input number to 2 value : 3 6
int main( ) {
a+b=9
int a, b, c;
printf("Input number to 2 value : ");
scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
c = a + b;
printf("a + b = %dn", c);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 85
86. Example scanf2.c
scanf2
#include <stdio.h>
Input number to a : 3
int main( ) { Input number to b : 6
int a, b, c; a+b=9
printf("Input number to a : ");
scanf("%d", &a);
printf(“Input number to b : “);
scanf(“%d”, &b);
c = a + b;
printf("a + b = %dn", c);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 86
87. F F getchar(
getchar( )
getch(
getch( )
:
variable = getchar( );
variable = getch( );
:
variable F F
‘ ’ F ‘A’
getchar – F F 1 F (1 ) F
enter
getch – F F 1 F (1 ) F F
enter F F F F
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 87
88. Example getchar1.c
getchar1
#include <stdio.h>
int main( ) {
char ch1;
printf(“Enter character 1 : “);
scanf(“%c", &ch1);
printf(“Result ch1 : %cn”, ch1);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 88
89. Example getchar2.c
getchar2
#include <stdio.h>
int main( ) {
char ch2, ch3;
printf(“Enter character 2 : ”);
ch2 = getchar( );
printf(“Result ch2 : %cn”, ch2);
printf(“Enter character 3 : “);
ch3 = getch( );
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 89
90. F F F gets( )
:
gets (expression);
:
expression F F
(F ) F “ ” F “ABC”
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 90
91. Example scanf1.c
scanf1
#include <stdio.h>
int main( ) {
char str[ ] = “”;
printf("Input string : ");
scanf("%s", str);
printf("String : %s", str);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 91
92. Example gets.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main( ) {
char str[ ] = “”;
printf(“Input string: “);
gets(str);
printf(“String : %s”, str);
return 0;
}
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Chapter 2 C Language Program 92