FHI 360 Indonesia staff member Erlian Aditya shares experiences using GPS and GIS software to map condom access in MARPs hot spots, in order to improve accessibility of key prevention commodities.

1. GIS and GPS Mapping To Improve
Condom Availability, Access and
Visibility for HIV Prevention Among
FSW in Indonesia
Erlian R. Aditya, FHI 360 Indonesia

2. Acknowledgment
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Prakash Dev Pant, Ph.D., FHI Nepal
Anton Schneider, FHI Indonesia
USAID Indonesia
CSOs in Jakarta, East Java, Papua
GIS Team, PAC Jakarta
NAC, PAC, DAC in JKT, EJ, Papua
PHC, DHO, PHO in JKT, EJ, Papua
FHI Indonesia, CSM Team

3. A persistent level of infection and a consistently low condom
use rate among sex workers present a challenge…
50
40
To strengthen the ability to advocate for consistent condom use, it is
important to know the places where hotspot and condom outlets located,
their numbers, distribution, current ratio between outlet and hotspot and
distance of outlet from hotspot.
30
%
24.2
25
25.5
20
10
10.5
11.6
10.4
0
North Jakarta
HIV Prevalence
Surabaya
Consistent Condom Use
Jayawijaya

4. We are curious…
• Why is the level of condom use still low?
• In addition to behavior changes that are not evenly distributed, what other
factors can lead to low condom use behavior?
• We wondered whether condom availability and access is still an issue
• A lot of anecdotal data on this, but no solid data on the table.
• To address this need, the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and GPS is
introduced as a pilot in 2012 for periodic mapping of probable hot spots and
assessment of program coverage
• This study monitors and assesses program performance through measures
such as condom coverage, quality of condom coverage and access to condoms
• Study findings are intended to enable evidence based pragmatic decisions:
– Focused social marketing and distribution of condoms
– Monitoring programmatic performance and ensuring condom availability

5. METHODOLOGY
1
2
3
4
5
6
• Enumerate all hot spots within study area to establish sampling frame
GPS
• Prepare hot zones as a geographic cluster of hot spots
GIS
• Determine sample hot zones using systematic random sampling
How is the
• Enumerate condom‐selling outlets in sampled hot zones
Process?
GPS
• Calculate condom coverage, quality of coverage and access
GIS
• Produce maps showing condom coverage and access
GIS

6. SATELLITES
•24 Satellites
•12 Hour Orbital Period
•20,000 km altitude
Geographic Information System
In short, GIS is a computer based
system, capable of holding and using
data describing location
GPS data is one
of the sources
geographical
data used in
GIS
GPS RECEIVERS
•Track Code and Phase
•Extract Satellite Message
www.caliper.com
•Computes Position
Global
Positioning
System
GROUND STATIONS
•Time Synchronization
•Orbit Prediction
•Satellite Health

7. DATA COLLECTION FORMS
Hotspot Mapping
Form
Condom Outlet
Audit Sheet

8. Tools Used
GPS
ArcMap – GIS
Software

9. Pilot Study Sites
Jakarta
East Java
Papua
• North Jakarta
• West Jakarta
• Surabaya
• Malang District
• Jayawijaya District
• Jayapura District and City

10. What We Need To Conduct GIS and GPS Mapping?
1 GIS
5 GPS
5 Interviewers
1 SPSS/PT
http://www.bisag.gujarat.gov.in/is/gis_overview.jpg

11. Operational Definitions
Hotspot
Hotzone
Condom Outlet
• Place where sex
negotiation or
sexual activity
takes place
• Defined area with
a cluster of hot
spots
• Any vendor or
retail seller of
condoms
• Bar, Motel, Massage
Parlor, Discotheque,
Brothel, Karaoke, SPA,
Streets, Parks, Train/
Bus Stations, etc.
• Area covering a
minimum radius of
100m
• Pharmacy, stall, DIC,
Bars/Karaoke/Disco,
Minimart, PHC, SPA,
Supermarket, etc.

12. Sample Hotspot

13. Indicator Measured: Condom Coverage
Coverage: A measure of condom availability in and around hot zones.
Measurement: Ratio of condom‐selling outlet to number of hotspots in a hot zone.
Desired value: A hot zone that maintains a ratio of one condom selling outlet per five hot
spots, then the hot zone will be considered as a zone where condom is available

14. Indicator Measured: Quality of Coverage
Proportion of outlets in a hot zone where
product/services meet following standards
Stocking
condom at
the time of
survey
Condom
stocked in
visible
location at
point of
purchase
Promotional
material
available in
visible
location at
point of
purchase
No condom
out of stock
last month
Proportion
of outlets
that sell
condoms at
night

15. Indicator Measured: Condom Access
Proportion of hot spots that are situated within 100 meter radius of
a condom selling outlet

16. Enumerate Hotspots by Collecting GPS Coordinates

17. Findings
Hotspot
Overview

18. Number of Hotspot Enumerated
and Hot Zone Created
Province
City
# Hotspot
Jakarta
• North Jakarta
• West Jakarta
• 213
• 143
East Java
• Surabaya
• Malang
Papua
• Jayawijaya
• Jayapura
# Hot Zone
356
• 19
• 33
52
• 418
• 132
550
• 19
• 31
50
• 45
• 174
219
• 6
• 77
83

19. Top 3 Type of Hotspot By City
93%
73%
69%
56%
47%
29%
North
N=213
Jakarta
Surabaya
Malang
N=418
N=132
East Java
Jayawijaya
N=45
13%
Station
Motel/Hotel
Stall/Shop
Massage Parlor
7%
5%
Karaoke
Brothel
Massage Parlor
9%
8%
Jayapura
N=174
Papua
Massage Parlor
17%
Café
Brothel
Bar
Hotel
West
N=143
Boarding House
14%
13% 13%
Massage Parlor
Bar
Brothel
21% 19%
Café
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

20. Findings
Outlet
Overview

21. Number of Outlet Enumerated
Province
City
# Outlet
• North
• West
• 54
• 140
194
East Java
• Surabaya
• Malang
• 240
• 92
332
Papua
• Jayawijaya
• Jayapura
• 39
• 18
57
Jakarta

22. North
West
Jakarta
Surabaya
8%
6%
East Jakarta
Malang
Massage Parlor
Jayawijaya
Papua
17%
Jayapura
Bar
Massage Parlor
56%
Pharmacy
8%
Karaoke/Discotheque
Massage Parlor
Kiosk/Stall
5%
Minimart
Brothel
Spa/Salon
29% 26%
24%
Kiosk/Stall
Brothel
Pharmacy
17%
Minimart
31%
Kiosk/Stall
Brothel
37%
Minimart
Kiosk/Stall
Top 3 Type Of Outlet By City
90%
79%
50%
28%
11%
3%

23. Indicator 1
Coverage
A hot zone that maintains
a ratio of one condom
selling outlet per five hot
spots

24. Condom Coverage/Availability in 3 Provinces
80%
Proposed
Target/Standard
75%
70%
65%
63%
Gap
60.5%
60%
56%
55%
50%
45%
Jakarta
East Java
Papua

25. Indicator 2
Quality of
Coverage
Proportion of outlets in a hot zone
where product/services meet
following standards:
• Stocking condom at the time of
survey
• Condom stocked in visible
location at point of purchase
• Promotional material available in
visible location at point of
purchase
• No condom stock out last month

26. Quality of Coverage 3 Provinces
Jakarta
East Java
Papua
95%
90%
88.5%
76%
74.6%
70%
61%
60%
47%
36%
28%
Have stock at survey
Stock visible
27%
Promo visible
No stockout last
month

27. Indicator 3
Access To
Condom
% of Hotspots
within 100 meter of
an outlet

28. ACCESS TO ANY CONDOM IN VARIOUS PROXIMITY,
NORTH JAKARTA
16
22
39
44
46
51
57
10 Meter
20 Meter
40 Meter
50 Meter
57% hotspots have
access to condom
within 100 meter.
60 Meter
80 Meter
100 Meter

29. ACCESS TO ANY CONDOM IN VARIOUS PROXIMITY, MALANG
77% hotspots have
access to condom
within 100 meters.

30. ACCESS TO ANY CONDOM IN VARIOUS PROXIMITY,
JAYAPURA

31. Overview of
Hotspot and
Hot Zone
Map

32. Map of Hotspot and Outlet in One of Hot
Zone, Surabaya City
East Java Province, Surabaya City
Need to
increase number
of outlet in this
places

33. Need to
increase
number of
outlet in this
places
There are 143 hot spots in the West Jakarta,
from which 33 Zones were created

34. Map of Hotspot and Outlet in Dolly‐Jarak,
biggest brothel complex in South East Asia
Need to increase
number of outlet
in this places

35. Viewing Our Data in Google Earth
East Java Province, Surabaya City,
Dolly-Jarak Brothel Complex

36. Hotspot and Outlet Distribution – FSW
Jayapura
Condom outlet only available in
these area.

37. Hotspot and Outlet Distribution‐ FSW Jayapura
(Tanjung Elmo brothel complex)
Ideal example where distribution and ratio of
outlet and hotspot met the criteria.

38. Follow up Activities
• Establish more outlets in certain hotspots/hot zones
• Establish/strengthen community‐based distribution taskforce in each hot
zone
• Develop more condom promotional material for outlets
• Provide outlets with condom display material to increase condom visibility
• Use condom retail audit sheet for more frequent condom stock out
assessment
• Advocate 100% CUP at hot zone and sub‐district level
• PAC in 3 provinces planned to scale up GIS mapping to other districts (7
districts)
• Conduct second wave GIS mapping

39. Thank You
Erlian R. Aditya
eaditya@fhi360.org