Digital Ad Fraud Countermeasures by Augustine Fou
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Digital ad fraud is more rampant than ever. Big brand advertisers are just starting to realize the extent of it and are starting to deploy countermeasures. But these countermeasures, deployed individually may not be sufficient to fight the entire ecosystem that bad guys have set up.
![“Digital ad fraud is well known and well
documented. However, the magnitude of it may
not yet be well understood. Furthermore,
‘industry constituencies [may be] insufficiently
motivated’ (Source: IAB) to act ferociously to
deter and reduce these fraudulent activities.”
-- Dr. Augustine Fou
-2-
Augustine Fou](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Digital Ad Fraud Countermeasures by Augustine Fou
- 1. Digital Ad Fraud Countermeasures Dr. Augustine Fou http://linkd.in/augustinefou acfou @mktsci .com January 2014 -1- Augustine Fou
- 2. “Digital ad fraud is well known and well documented. However, the magnitude of it may not yet be well understood. Furthermore, ‘industry constituencies [may be] insufficiently motivated’ (Source: IAB) to act ferociously to deter and reduce these fraudulent activities.” -- Dr. Augustine Fou -2- Augustine Fou
- 3. Blacklisting Sites Value Exclude sites from serving your ads -3- Caveat For every site excluded, bad guys put up more (because they don‟t have to play by the rules). Augustine Fou
- 4. Enforcing Viewability Value Caveat Only pay for ads which are viewable (i.e. above the-fold) Bad guys have already defeated “viewability” by stuffing ads in hidden layers, all above-the-fold. Source: Spider.io May 2, 2013 -4- Augustine Fou
- 5. Bot Detection Value Caveat Good guys use algorithms to detect unusual behaviors indicative of bots (rather than humans) It’s an arms race between good and bad; bots are more sophisticated and can fake mouse movements and keep cookies. Source: Spider.io March 2013 -5- Augustine Fou
- 6. Using CAPTCHAs Value Caveat Captchas deter bots from filling in forms and stealing content and cookies. Some bots can now solve some captchas, most captchas don’t protect content pages. Source: Solve Media Dec 31 2013 -6- “Startup called Vicarious automatically solves CAPTCHAs.” Oct 2013 http://bit.ly/1bFo9lZ Augustine Fou
- 7. “The above countermeasures are all good, and advertisers should continue using them. But they are not enough. If the good guys fight the fight individually, there is little chance they can overcome the entire ecosystem of the bad guys. The good guys need to band together into their own ecosystem and put the bad guys on a „digital ad fraud equivalent to the National Sex Offenders Registry‟.” -- Dr. Augustine Fou -7- Augustine Fou
- 9. Why Now? “As more ad inventory is bought and sold programmatically on ad exchanges, bad guys are finding it far easier to commit fraud because few agencies and advertisers actually check in detail the hundreds of thousands of sites on which the ads are run. It‟s easier to hide in a far larger haystack.” -- Dr. Augustine Fou -9- Augustine Fou
- 10. Waste Due to Fraud • Display ad fraud is the easiest to commit and bad guys sell tons of “junk” inventory into ad exchanges; ad buyers are goaled on number of impressions so that perpetuates the problem. 30-75% • Video ad fraud is the new area of focus because video ad impressions are 10x more lucrative than display; ad buyers are goaled on “tonnage” of impressions and therefore perpetuate the problem. 50-80% • Search ad click fraud is harder to commit and usually occurs on “search partner network” sites; but high spending categories like insurance and high CPC categories like pharma are favorite targets of the bad guys who can earn $78 per click. 20-40% - 10 - Augustine Fou
- 11. Types of Ad Fraud Impressions Clicks Leads Sales (CPM fraud) (CPC fraud) (CPL fraud) (CPA fraud) Bot or low wage workers fill in lead forms with real addresses and get paid bounty per lead. Fake sites set up to do cookie stuffing or trick users to click on affiliate links to earn rev share. Botnets generate fake pageviews which produce ad impression “inventory” that is sold into ad exchanges. - 11 - Bots type search queries to bring up search ads and then click on the ads to earn share of CPC. Augustine Fou
- 12. How Impression (CPM) Ad Fraud Works - 12 - Augustine Fou
- 13. Bad Guys Put Up Sites site = analyzecanceradvice .com site = missomoms.com 19 blocked ads on page - 13 - Augustine Fou
- 14. Load Tons of Ads on Pages http://modernbab y.com/ http://interiorcom plex.com/ - 14 - Augustine Fou
- 15. Fake their “Viewability” Ads are above the fold of the page But their pixel opacity can be set to zero (invisible) Entire web pages stuffed into ad iframe; ads counted as viewable Source: Spider.io May 2, 2013 - 15 - Augustine Fou
- 16. Use Bots to Load the Pages Source: Google Source: Wired - 16 - Augustine Fou
- 17. Sell Bulk Impressions “Modernbaby.com and Interiorcomplex.com Each of these sites peddles enormous traffic on the exchanges. For example, on a recent day Modern Baby was offering 19 million impressions via one exchange (quite the baby boom) and Interior Complex 30 million [ad impressions PER DAY] (the roaring housing market must be back).” Source: Adweek – Suspicious Web Domains Cost Online Ad Business $400m per Year By Mike Shields - 17 - Augustine Fou
- 18. How Search (CPC) Click Fraud Works - 18 - Augustine Fou
- 19. Bad Guys Choose Expensive Keywords olay.com homemadesimple.com > 100,000 monthly searches avg position 1 – 10 sort by highest avg CPC “cosmetic face lift” “residential home cleaning” $10.84 CPC $9.95 CPC Source: iSpionage Nov 2013 - 19 - Augustine Fou
- 20. Bots Type Search Term healthsiteproduc tionalways.com buy eye cream online - 20 - Augustine Fou
- 21. Bots Click Search Ad Olay.com ad in #1 position - 21 - Augustine Fou
- 22. Pass Fake URL Trackers http://www.olay.com/skincare-products/OlayProX?utm_source=msn&utm _medium=cpc&utm_camp aign=Olay_Search_Deskto p_Category+Interest+Prod uct.Phrase&utm_term=eye %20cream&utm_content= TZsrSzFz_eye%20cream_ p_2990456911 Click thru URL passing fake source - 22 - Augustine Fou
- 23. Related Articles Digital Ad Fraud Briefing By: Augustine Fou December 2013 Fake YouTube Videos By: Augustine Fou, December 2013 Ad Fraud Fighting Techniques By: Augustine Fou October 2013 Fake Linkedin Profiles By: Augustine Fou, December 2013 How Display Fraud Works By: Augustine Fou, May 2013 Fake Facebook Profiles By: Augustine Fou, Dec 2013 How Click Fraud Works By: Augustine Fou, November 2013 Fake Twitter Accounts By: Augustine Fou, August 2013 The Magnitude of Digital Ad Fraud By: Augustine Fou, November 2013 - 23 - Augustine Fou
- 24. Dr. Augustine Fou – Digital Consigliere “I advise clients on optimizing advertising across all channels. One main area of focus is reducing ad waste due to fraud – fake impressions, clicks, leads, and sales – in order to raise ROI.” FORMER CHIEF DIGITAL OFFICER, HCG (OMNICOM) MCKINSEY CONSULTANT CLIENT SIDE / AGENCY SIDE EXPERIENCE PROFESSOR AND COLUMNIST ENTREPRENEUR / SMALL BUSINESS OWNER PHD MATERIALS SCIENCE (MIT '95) AT AGE 23 ClickZ Articles: http://bit.ly/augustine-fou-clickz Slideshares: http://bit.ly/augustine-fou-slideshares LinkedIn: http://linkd.in/augustinefou - 24 - @acfou Augustine Fou