Presentation by Rick Bachtel (Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne) at the Von Braun Memorial Symposium in Huntsville, Alabama, 22 October 2008. <a href="http://astronautical.org/vonbraun/vonbraun-2008/session5">http://astronautical.org/vonbraun/vonbraun-2008/session5</a>

1. Perspective on the Future of Exploration Rick Bachtel Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne October 2008

3. 50 Years of PWR Engines 1594 Launches Note: An additional 17 Titan IV launches included Centaur-T upper stages powered by PWR RL10 engines Atlas Saturn Saturn Space Delta Atlas Delta Redstone Navaho Jupiter Thor I/II I/1B V Shuttle I/II/III III/V IV 85 11 46 380 568 19 13 122 323 19 8 Last updated: 14 March 2008 ACTIVE

4. Global Launch Market DoD 12% NASA 11% Commercial 3% Limited Opportunities For Growth In This Market

5. The Propulsion Market Today Low Growth Low Margin Low Production Rates Uncertain Funding High Risk

6. Why we’re enthused … We’re going back ! The Challenge of Doing what’s Hard Knowing we must be perfect The Feeling of Success

9. Space Tourism – Lower Tech, Sub-Orbital Blue Origin Karman Line Low altitude Short duration Minimal payload No re-entry issues Genesis II Lynx Spaceship II Goddard Astrium Space Jet

10. Exploration will invigorate the U.S. Space Industry Growth will likely be in Commercial Space

11. A Relationship Lasting 50 Years… Past, Present, and Future … for NASA P W R E O