- European settlement of North America began in the 17th century, with Virginia being the first successful English colony founded in 1607 by the Virginia Company. Jamestown served as the first permanent English settlement. - The New England colonies were founded for religious reasons in the 1620s-1630s by Puritans and Pilgrims seeking freedom of worship. They established representative governments and had tensions with Native Americans. - The middle colonies developed with the Dutch founding New Amsterdam in the 1600s before being taken over by the English. Pennsylvania provided religious freedom which attracted Quakers. The French founded Quebec in 1608 to exploit resources in Canada.