Water crisis in many urban areas in India is result of mismangement and misuse said CSE's RK Sriniasan an expert on Urban water in a seminar organised by Chandigarh Chapter of Indian Media Centre on June 14, 2009

1. Urban water management: A primer on the crisis R K Srinivasan Centre for Science & Environment, New Delhi

2. Dainik Bhaskar launches 'Jal Hai to Kal Hai' initiative in Bhopal

7. In the case of Delhi

8. Demand, Supply, and increasing investment Source: City Development plan of Chandigarh

9. Actual demand and shortage Source: City Development plan of Chandigarh

10. How is water supply need calculated ? Source: Ministry of Urban Development, Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation Manual on Water Supply and Treatment, Third Edition -Revised and Updated (May 1999), New Delhi. Sno Classification of towns/cities Recommended maximum water supply levels (lpcd) 1 Towns provided with piped water supply but without sewerage system 70 2 Cities provided with piped water supply where sewerage system is exists 135 3 Metropolitan and Mega cities provided with piped water supply where sewerage systems existing 150

11. 140 Pune 175 Nagpur 200 Ludhinana 250 Lucknow 240 Greater Mumbai 225 Delhi 150 Coimbatore 110 Chennai 227 Kolkata 150 Bhopal 140 Bangalore 170 Ahmedabad Own Norms of cities (lpcd) City

14. Exploding water demand> percapita consumption less Source: Household survey of consumption in select cities as of March 2005, TISS LPCD Remember, the national average per capita consumption (supply) is 135 LPCD!

15. Alarming > Chennai only 56.7 LPCD Rich extract more groundwater

18. Relentless search for water

19. Vaitarna cum Tansa 90 km 105 km Mumbai Bhatsa

20. Manjira dam Hyderabad Nagurjuna 105 km 100 km

21. Ajai 3 Ajai 2 Ajai 1 Nyari dam 1 Nyari dam 2 Bhadar dam – 75 km

22. Bisalpur dam 120 km – 1088 cr

23. Kajauli water works (BML)- 28 km Phase 5 and 6 will bring additional 123 mld) Ganguwal - 70 km -402 crore - 2026

24. 6.70 20 and 55 km Neersagar and Malaprabha reservoir Hubli-Dharwad 5.30 116 km Nagarjuna sagar and Majira dam Hyderabad 8.40 100 to 120 km Bhatsa, Vihar, Tulsi, Tansa, Upper Vaitarna Mumbai 18.13 6 to 7 km down Springwater Bhilaru, Jinsi, Khandighat, Murray rose and Dhobighat Mussorrie 8.70 240 km Rajiv Gandhi Lift Canal Jodhpur 11.00 70 km Narmada river Indore 9.90 Across the city Yamuna river, Bhakra storage and groundwater Delhi 14.00 60 to 245 km Lakes, Groundwater and Veeranam lake. Chennai 12.00 95 km from the city Cauvery Bangalore Rs 53.93 1000 metres down the valley, 18 km away Tlwang river Aizwal Per kl cost to supply Distance Source City

27. Expense vs Revenue in Chandigarh Source: City Development plan of Chandigarh

28. 0 0 61 -536 1500 236 60 30 -154 300 118 30 15 36 38 59 15 1 Chandigarh (3.93) 0 0 201 -89 2000 1060 200 30 -13 180 159 30 1 Hyderabad (5.3) 0 0 101 -116 2600 1204 100 75 -58 1425 903 75 50 42 350 602 50 25 71 88 301 25 1 Bangalore (12.04) 31 -8 75 70 30 15 46 19 35 15 1 Faridabad (2.32) 41 68 80 247 40 15 68 30 93 15 1 Jaipur (6.18) 31 30 210 298 30 20 80 40 199 20 6 120 60 6 1 Delhi (9.93) Higher slab Lower slab % of subsidy Bill amount in Rs Production cost based on consumption Monthly water consumption (per kl) Cities

33. Delhi’s alarming dip in water table Dipping watertable

34. In the northern parts -sector 10 - fall of more than 16 meters fall in the last 15 years. In sector 31, the fall is almost 10 meters whereas in the remaining part of the city it ranged between 5 and 8 meters.

35. In Kolkata, groundwater flow reversed

36. Mumbai’s > Salinity ingress & contamination Study by SCOLEEN (NGO) > Mumbai’s piped water is contaminated by Coliforms Colaba, Dharvi, Khar, Anderi, Chembur, Malad

37. In Chennai, sea water intrusion

38. CSE’s research on bottled water in Delhi and Mumbai shows dramatic correlation between source (mostly groundwater) and bottled water contaminants With dipping water tables, quality getting worse

39. Wetlands to store & recharge rainwater…

40. 1925 1994 Wet land Built up Green cover Mumbai > 0.3 ac per 1000 persons (should be 4 ac)

41. Sukhna lake reduced from 230 ha to 154 ha Water level reduced from 5 m in 1958 to 2 m in 2004.

42. Traditional water management in Jodhpur

43. Indira Gandhi canal 204 km Rajivgandhi lift canal

44. Jodhpur > unleash the potential of canals

48. Sewage generation vs treatment

54. Anaerobic baffled reactor >Secondary treatment > Planted filter Planted filter

55. A paradigm that must change, urgently