3. The marquee tools make
rectangular, elliptical, single row,
& single column selections.
The lasso tools make
freehand, polygonal (straightedged), and magnetic (snapto) selections.
Move tool moves selections,
layers, & guides.
The Quick Selection tool
lets you quickly “paint” a
selection using an adjustable
round brush tip
The Magic Wand tool
selects similarly colored
areas.

4. The Spot Healing Brush
tool removes defects
and objects.
The Patch tool repairs
imperfections in a selected
area using a sample or
pattern.
The Red Eye tool
removes the red
reflection caused by a
flash.
Healing Brush tool paints
with a sample or pattern to
repair imperfections
The Clone Stamp tool
paints with a smple of
an image.

5. The Pattern Stamp tool The Eraser tool erases pixels The Background Eraser tool
paints with part of an & restores parts of an image erases areas to transparency
image as a pattern.
to a previously saved state.
by dragging.
The Magic Eraser tool
erases solid-colored areas The Blur tool blurs hard
edges in an image.
to transparency with a
single click.
The Sharpen tool
sharpens soft edges in
an image.

6. The Smudge tool distort
data in an image.
The Sponge tool changes
the color saturation of an
area.
The Dodge tool lightens
areas in an image.
The Burn tool darkens
areas in an image.

7. The Crop tool trims
images.
The Slice tool creates
slices.
The Slice Select tool
selects slices.

8. Colors and Color Models
• Primary Colors:
• Additive primaries are the three colors of
light (red, green, and blue) that produce all
the colors.

9. Colors and Color Models
• Secondary Colors:
• Subtractive colors are pigments, found by
mixing primaries. Unlike monitors, printers
use subtractive colors (cyan, magenta,
yellow, and black pigments) to produce
colors

10. Colors and Color Models
• Color Wheel:
• Color wheel shows how a change in one color
component affects other colors and also how
changes translate between RGB and CMYK
color models.

11. Color models, spaces, and modes
• A color model describes the colors we see
and work with in digital images.
• Each color model, such as RGB, CMYK,
or HSB, represents a different method
(usually numbers) for describing color.

12. Color Space
• A color space is a variant (alternative) of
a color model and has a specific gamut
(range) of colors.
• For example, within the RGB color model
are a number of color spaces: Adobe
RGB, sRGB, ProPhoto RGB, and so on.
• Each device, like your monitor or printer,
has its own color space and can only
reproduce colors in its gamut (range).

13. Color Mode
• color mode determines which color method is
used to display and print the image.
1. RGB Color mode
2. CMYK Color mode
3. Lab Color mode
4. Grayscale mode
5. Bitmap mode
6. Duotone mode
7. Indexed Color mode
8. Multichannel mode

14. 1. RGB Color mode
• RGB images use three colors, or channels,
to reproduce colors on-screen.
• In 8-bits-per-channel images, the intensity
values range from 0 (black) to 255 (white) for
each of the RGB (red, green, blue)
components in a color image.
• In 8-bits-per-channel images, the three
channels translate to 24 (8 bits x 3 channels)
bits of color information per pixel.

15. 2. CMYK Color mode
• In the CMYK mode, each pixel is assigned a
percentage value for each of the process inks
C,M,Y,K.
• The lightest (highlight) colors are assigned small
percentages of process ink colors;
• The darker (shadow) colors higher percentages.
• CMYK Model is mainly used for printing.
• Converting an RGB image into CMYK creates a
color separation.

16. 3. LAB Color mode
•
•
•
L*a*b* color model (Lab) is based on the
human perception of color.
Lab is a device-independent color model.
The Lab Color mode has
1. A lightness component (L) that can range from 0 to
100. In the Adobe Color Picker and Color palette,
2. The a component (green-red axis) and
3. The b component (blue-yellow axis) can range from
+127 to –128.

17. 4. Grayscale Color mode
•
•
•
•
Grayscale mode uses different shades of gray in
an image.
In 8-bit images, there can be up to 256 shades of
gray.
Every pixel of a grayscale image has a
brightness value ranging from 0 (black) to 255
(white).
Grayscale values can also be measured as
percentages of black ink coverage
(0% is equal to white, 100% to black).

18. 5. Bitmap mode
•
•
Bitmap mode uses one of two color values
(black or white) to represent the pixels in
an image.
Images in Bitmap mode are called
bitmapped 1-bit images because they have
a bit depth of 1.

19. 6. Duotone mode
•
Duotone mode creates
–
–
–
–
monotone,
duotone (two-color),
tritone (three-color), and
quadtone (four-color) grayscale images using
one to four custom inks.

20. 7. Index mode
•
•
•
Indexed Color mode produces 8-bit image
files with up to 256 colors only.
Index colors are limited, so it can reduce
file size yet maintain the visual quality
needed for multimedia presentations, web
pages.
Limited editing is available in index mode.

21. 8. Multichannel mode
•
•
Multichannel mode images contain 256
levels of gray in each channel and are
useful for specialized printing.
Deleting a channel from an RGB, CMYK,
or Lab image automatically converts the
image to Multichannel mode.

22. foreground and background colors
• Photoshop uses the foreground color to
paint, fill, and stroke selections and
• The background color to make gradient
fills and fill in the erased areas of an
image.
• The foreground and background colors are
also used by some special effects filters.