Addressing agric drivers of deforestation. sparing vs sharing p.minang

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ASB Partnership for the Tropical Forest Margins

Addressing agricultural drivers of deforestation: critical reflections on sparing and sharing strategies

Technologie

Agriculture as driver of REDD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Can Intensification spare forests? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Rudel et al., 2009

How true is Sparing? -Global Rudel et al., 2010

How true is Sparing-Global II ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

How true is Sparing- Global III? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Change in cereal production due to change in area and yield Sub- Saharan Africa Asia

Indonesia-Jambi: Jostling for profits (ASB-Indonesia Tommich et al., 1995) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

In the 1990’s loss of natural cover increased the amount of ‘low C-stock’/low economic value land; tree (crop) planting was 28% of the loss of natural forest area After 2000 planting of tree (crop)s equals 90% of concurrent loss of natural forest; the amount of low C-stock/low economic value land decreases

Brazil: (ASB Brazil- Vosti et al., 2002) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cattle profitability and labour shortages preventing adoption of alternatives ,[object Object],[object Object]

How true is Sparing- LOCAL? Some ASB evidence (ASB-Indonesia, 1995; ASB- Brazil, 2002) ,[object Object],[object Object]

Agricultural intensification hypothesis More intensive agriculture at forest margins can save forest at equal total agricultural production Or… speed up forest conversion to profitable agriculture This may be true in ‘closed’ economies This is true in ‘open’ economies ASB hypothesis in 1992 ASB findings in 1994 Remote forest edge communities & Planet earth are closed systems, in between we have ‘open’ systems…

Therefore ,[object Object],[object Object]

Sharing: Wildlife Friendly Farming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sparing vs Sharing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sharing: Many tradeoff functions are convex: multifunctionality Convex tradeoff: multi-functionality saves land Concave tradeoff: specialization saves land Function 1 Function 2

1. Undisturbed natural forest 2. Undisturbed + sust. logged natural forest 3. Closed canopy undisturbed + logged forest 4A. as 3 + agroforest 4B. as 3 + timber plantations 4C. as 3 + agroforest + timber plant’s + estate crops 4D as 4C + shrub Stakeholder: Rainforest foundation Conservation agency Modis data Ministry of Forestry Forest ecologist UNFCCC definition

Reflections I: what does intensification mean? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Reflections- II: Sparing –Sharing and Caring needed ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

A multi-functionality hypothesis Sparing Sharing and Caring for multifunctional landscapes Intensification Gradient / Livelihood Functional dimensions of natural capital Biodiversity Climate (Net GHG Emissions) Watershed Integrity Subsistence farming Mixed / Transitional systems Fully Market-integrated systems

Opportunity Cost of Forest conversion- Column 1 ,[object Object]

hysteresis ASB-data: Minang et al., 2011 COLUMN 2 and 3

An emerging research agenda ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Agriculture as a driver of deforestation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],From : Global Forest Resource Assessment. FAO 2000

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