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Body found on Twitter:
The role of alternative sources in social media agenda setting


 Claudette G. Artwick, Ph.D.
 Associate Professor, Washington and Lee University
 ICA 2012 Conference, 5/26/12
 artwickc@wlu.edu
 On Twitter @artwickc
Morgan Harrington disappears




                  From: findmorgan.com
Harrington case in the public agenda




                   Website screen shots & AP photo
Harrington body found
Testing agenda setting on social media
  Examined 48 hours of tweets
Literature
•   McCombs & Shaw (1972)
•   Coleman, McCombs, Shaw, & Weaver (2009)
•   Leavitt, Burchard, Fisher, & Gilbert (2009)
•   Sayre, Bode, Shah, Wilcox, & Shah (2010)
•   Kwak, Lee, Park, & Moon (2010)
•   Meraz (2009)
Social media concepts
• ‘Networked audience’
                      Marwick & boyd (2010)
• Links as ‘external marker of source influence’
                      Meraz (2009)
• Retweets and potential reach
                      Kwak et al. (2010)
H1
A significantly higher number of tweets about
the Morgan Harrington case will link to
alternative content than to mainstream news
media content.
H2
A significantly higher number of retweeted
messages about the Morgan Harrington case
will come from alternative sources than from
mainstream news sources.
H3
A significantly higher number of retweeted
messages about the Morgan Harrington case
will contain links to alternative content than
to mainstream news content.
Measuring agenda setting
Traditional media                   Twitter
Analyze media content        Analyze tweets

Survey public to determine   Tweets indicate issue salience
salient issues

Determine relationship       Links & retweets as indicators
between media coverage and   of influence
public agenda
Collecting & coding tweets
•   Twitter search for ‘Morgan Harrington’
•   January 26-28, 2010
•   Hand-coded 1,385 tweets
•   Yielded 1,261 valid tweets
Variables: Link to
Mainstream news     Alternative source
Variables
• Retweets
• Twitter member type
• Tweet focus
Findings
• Support for alternative source agenda setting
  in the Morgan Harrington case
H1: Links to external content
H2: Retweets
H3: RT with links to external content
Conclusions
• Support for alternative-source agenda setting
• “We are profoundly saddened by the news of
  the discovery of Morgan Dana Harrington’s
  body.” Metallica Death Magnetic (2010)
Body found on Twitter:

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Body found on Twitter:

  • 1. Body found on Twitter: The role of alternative sources in social media agenda setting Claudette G. Artwick, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Washington and Lee University ICA 2012 Conference, 5/26/12 artwickc@wlu.edu On Twitter @artwickc
  • 2. Morgan Harrington disappears From: findmorgan.com
  • 3. Harrington case in the public agenda Website screen shots & AP photo
  • 5. Testing agenda setting on social media Examined 48 hours of tweets
  • 6. Literature • McCombs & Shaw (1972) • Coleman, McCombs, Shaw, & Weaver (2009) • Leavitt, Burchard, Fisher, & Gilbert (2009) • Sayre, Bode, Shah, Wilcox, & Shah (2010) • Kwak, Lee, Park, & Moon (2010) • Meraz (2009)
  • 7. Social media concepts • ‘Networked audience’ Marwick & boyd (2010) • Links as ‘external marker of source influence’ Meraz (2009) • Retweets and potential reach Kwak et al. (2010)
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. H1 A significantly higher number of tweets about the Morgan Harrington case will link to alternative content than to mainstream news media content.
  • 11. H2 A significantly higher number of retweeted messages about the Morgan Harrington case will come from alternative sources than from mainstream news sources.
  • 12. H3 A significantly higher number of retweeted messages about the Morgan Harrington case will contain links to alternative content than to mainstream news content.
  • 13. Measuring agenda setting Traditional media Twitter Analyze media content Analyze tweets Survey public to determine Tweets indicate issue salience salient issues Determine relationship Links & retweets as indicators between media coverage and of influence public agenda
  • 14. Collecting & coding tweets • Twitter search for ‘Morgan Harrington’ • January 26-28, 2010 • Hand-coded 1,385 tweets • Yielded 1,261 valid tweets
  • 15. Variables: Link to Mainstream news Alternative source
  • 16. Variables • Retweets • Twitter member type • Tweet focus
  • 17. Findings • Support for alternative source agenda setting in the Morgan Harrington case
  • 18. H1: Links to external content
  • 20. H3: RT with links to external content
  • 21. Conclusions • Support for alternative-source agenda setting
  • 22. • “We are profoundly saddened by the news of the discovery of Morgan Dana Harrington’s body.” Metallica Death Magnetic (2010)