Web UI Performance Tuning

Web UI Performance Tuning
Cross platform tools and techniques
Andy Pemberton,
Tuesday, November 2, 2010

Miniﬁcation
/**
* This, friends, is a very important function.
*/
function exampleFunction(){
var be = true;
if(be){
confirm(“You sure about that?”);
}else if(!be){
confirm(“Apparently not.”);
}
}
function exampleFunction(){var be=true;if(be)
{confirm("You sure about that?")}else{if(!be)
{confirm("Apparently not.")}}};

Miniﬁcation
/**
* This, friends, is a very important function.
*/
var be = true;
if(be){
}else if(!be){
}
}
function exampleFunction(){var be=true;if(be)
{confirm("You sure about that?")}else{if(!be)
{confirm("Apparently not.")}}};
Original: 205Minified: 121
41%

Obfuscation
var aLongerThanNecessaryVariableName = true;
if(aLongerThanNecessaryVariableName){
}else if(!aLongerThanNecessaryVariableName){
}
}
var a = true;
if(a){
confirm("You sure about that?");
}else if(!a){
confirm("Apparently not.")
}
}

Obfuscation
var aLongerThanNecessaryVariableName = true;
if(aLongerThanNecessaryVariableName){
}else if(!aLongerThanNecessaryVariableName){
}
}
var a = true;
if(a){
confirm("You sure about that?");
}else if(!a){
confirm("Apparently not.")
}
}
Original: 238Obfuscated: 145
39%

Compression
Content-Encoding: text/javascript
...
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://
code.jquery.com/jquery-1.4.3.js" />
Content-Encoding: gzip
...

Compression
Content-Encoding: text/javascript
...
Content-Encoding: gzip
...
Original: 180,459Obfuscated: 51,155
72%

Combination
<script type=”text/javascript” src=”jquery.js”>
<script type=”text/javascript” src=”client.js”>
<script type=”text/javascript” src=”events.js”>
<script type=”text/javascript” src=”combined.js”>

Combination
<script type=”text/javascript” src=”jquery.js”>
<script type=”text/javascript” src=”client.js”>
<script type=”text/javascript” src=”events.js”>
<script type=”text/javascript” src=”combined.js”>
Reduction

How the web works

Steve Souders
http://developer.yahoo.com/performance/rules.html

So what can we do?
• Cross-platform
• Java
• .NET
• PHP

Cross-platform

Source Order
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.js">
<script type="text/javascript" src="client.js">
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"
media="all" href="styles.css" />
media="all" href="forms.css" />

Source Order
<head>
<script type="text/javascript"
src="jquery.js">
<script type="text/javascript"
src="client.js">
</head>
<body>
...
</body>
<head>
</head>
<body>
...
</body>

Expires Header
GET /sites/all/themes/captech/
styles/images/logo-captech-r.png
HTTP/1.1
Host: www.captechconsulting.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 02 Nov 2010 14:42:58
GMT
Last-Modified: Mon, 30 Aug 2010
12:21:25 GMT
Expires: Tue, 16 Nov 2010
14:42:58 GMT
Content-Type: image/png
GET /sites/all/themes/captech/
styles/images/logo-captech-r.png
HTTP/1.1
Host: www.captechconsulting.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0
(Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X
10.6; en-US; rv:1.9.2.12) Gecko/
20101026 Firefox/3.6.12
If-Modified-Since: Mon, 30 Aug
2010 12:21:25 GMT
HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified
Date: Tue, 02 Nov 2010 14:43:00
GMT
Expires: Tue, 16 Nov 2010
14:43:00 GMT

CSS Image Sprites

Parallelize Downloads

CDN
• Multiple domain names
• Global load balancing or “edge” servers
• Other advanced features

Browser-based Tools

YSlow
http://developer.yahoo.com/yslow/

Page Speed
http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/

Others
• FireBug (Net tab)
• Firecookie
• Live HTTP Headers
• Chrome, Safari, IE developer tools

Web-based Tools

Cuzillion
http://stevesouders.com/cuzillion/

smush.it
http://smush.it/

SpriteMe
http://spriteme.org/

Java

pack:tag
<%@ page %>
...
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all"
href="styles.css" />
href="forms.css" />
<%@ page %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://packtag.sf.net" prefix="pack" %>
...
<pack:style>
<src>styles.css</src>
<src>forms.css</src>
</pack:style>
<pack:script>
<src>jquery.js</src>
<src>client.js</src>
</pack:script>
http://sourceforge.net/projects/packtag/

Tomcat
Pre-Tomcat 6: tomcat/conf/web.xml:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>jsp</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet</servlet-class>
...
<init-param>
<param-name>trimSpaces</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
...
</servlet>
Post-Tomcat 6
<%@ page trimDirectiveWhitespaces=”true"%>
...

Tomcat
Tomcat 7: ExpiresFilter
<filter-name>ExpiresFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>ExpiresByType image/jpeg</param-name>
<param-value>access plus 52 weeks</param-value>
</init-param>

.NET

ASP.NET
<asp:scriptmanager runat="server">
<compositescript>
<scripts>
<asp:scriptreference name="WebForms.js" assembly="System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral”">
<asp:scriptreference name="MicrosoftAjaxWebForms.js" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0,
Culture=neutral">
<asp:scriptreference name="MicrosoftAjax.js" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0,
Culture=neutral">
</asp:scriptreference></asp:scriptreference></asp:scriptreference></scripts>
</compositescript>
</asp:scriptmanager>

jscssconsolidate
href="styles.css" />
href="forms.css" />
http://jscssconsolidate.codeplex.com/
<almWitt.web.resourceManagement consolidate="true">
<clientScripts compress="true">
<group consolidatedUrl="~/scripts.js">
<include>
<add pattern=".js"/>
</include>
</group>
</clientScripts>
<cssFiles>
<group consolidatedUrl="~/styles.css">
<include>
<add pattern=".css"/>
</include>
</group>
</cssFiles>
</almWitt.web.resourceManagement>

phpminify
http://code.google.com/p/minify/

Drupal

Wait... why?
http://tinyurl.com/google-sitespeed
http://tinyurl.com/ﬁrefox-sitespeed

In the wild...
• large non functional scripts
(omniture, foresee, etc.)
• large, unoptimized images
• vast number of javascript includes

Web UI Performance Tuning

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