P&G is an American multinational consumer goods corporation founded in 1837 with products available in over 140 countries. It has a long history of acquisitions and joint ventures in India dating back to the 1980s. P&G utilizes various marketing strategies for different products like Vicks, Pantene, and Pampers by analyzing factors such as pricing, promotion, distribution channels, and the competition. It focuses on innovation, understanding consumer needs, and building strong brands to gain competitive advantages over rivals in the consumer goods industry.