7. Digital Divide
• Jan van Dijk and Kenneth Hacker (2003) distinguish
four barriers to access to digital services.
• Lack of elementary digital experience
• No possession of computers and network connections
• Lack of digital skills
• Lack of significant opportunities -> In the case of
Rwanda there is a lack of usage access.
• http://vis4.net/blog/posts/mapping-internet-and-
population/
8. Beeping by Donner
• Mobile’s feature is connectivity. The benefits are both positive economic and social changes.
• powerful technique to maximize the benefits of a mobile whilst minimizing money
expenditure
9.
10. • In Rwanda users have taken this to next level
by diversifying this practice. There are three
kinds of beeping
• Call back
• Pre-negotiated instrumental
• Relational
11. • allowing users to feel connected.
• It is a “phatic communication” signaling the
existence of a relationship or communication
channel.
12. • mobiles are rewriting the spatial and temporal
constraints of all manner of human
communications – whether for working
family, or recreation and entertainment
• http://www.cnn.com/2012/09/27/tech/mobil
e-culture-usage/index.html
13. Discussion
• 1. Form groups 2. discuss with class
• When you wake up in the morning how long is it
until you use your mobile or Internet?
• How would you feel if your mobile and Internet
was taken off you for 3 days?
• Do you think you could organize your life without
your mobile?
• Choose one question and
• Tweet #MDIA5003 your answer
14. • Bibliography:
•
• Donner J,(2006), The Social and Economic Implications of
• Mobile Telephony in Rwanda: An Ownership/Access Typology, Kowledge, Technology, & Policy, 2006, vol.19, No.2,pp.17-28
•
•
• Donner, J (2007), The rules of beeping: Exchanging messages via international “missed calls” on mobile phone, Journal of Computer Mediated
Communication, 13(1), article 1.http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/donner.html
•
• Jan van Dijk & Kenneth Hacker (2003): The Digital Divide as a Complex and Dynamic Phenomenon, The Information Society: An International
Journal, 19:4, 315-326
•
• Aisch, G , ‘Visualiziing the Global Digital Divide by Mapping Internet and Population’, 21/10/2011,accessed
5/10/2012, http://vis4.net/blog/posts/mapping-internet-and-population/
• our bibliography should look something like this – LastName, FirstName.(Month Day, Year).'Title of the Article' Retrived Month Day, Year from the
website: http://www.abcde.com
•
•
• TheVJMovement, ‘Rwandan Farmers Empowered by Mobile Access to Market Prices’, April 12, 2011, accessed 4/10/2012
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_lOSL1KyeG0
•
•
• Canton N, 20120, ‘Cell phone culture: How cultural differences affect mobile use’, September 28, 2012, accessed
4/10/2012,http://www.cnn.com/2012/09/27/tech/mobile-culture-usage/index.html
