SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 41
Software Cost Estimation
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cost Estimation Is Needed ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cost Estimation Affects ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cost Estimation During the Software Life Cycle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Who is the Estimator? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
General Steps and Remarks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
General Steps and Remarks (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Software Cost Estimation Process ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Inputs and Outputs to the Estimation Process ,[object Object]
Inputs and Outputs to the Estimation Process (Cont.) ,[object Object]
Cost Estimation Accuracy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cost Estimation Methods ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Algorithmic (Parametric) Model ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Algorithmic (Parametric) Model (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Algorithmic (Parametric) Model (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Algorithmic (Parametric) Model (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Expert Judgment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Expert Judgment (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Top - Down ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Top – Down (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bottom - Up ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bottom – Up (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Estimation by Analogy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Estimation by Analogy (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Price to Win Estimation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COCOMO 81 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COCOMO 81 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COCOMO 81 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],0.32 2.5 1.20 3.6 Embedded 0.35 2.5 1.12 3.0 Semi-detached 0.38 2.5 1.05 2.4 Organic d c b a Mode
COCOMO 81 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COCOMO II ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COCOMO II ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COCOMO II Differences ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COCOMO II Calibration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Importance of Calibration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Is COCOMO the Best? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COCOMO Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
References ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
References ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Questions and Discussion

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Lecture6
Lecture6Lecture6
Lecture6soloeng
 
Metrics for project size estimation
Metrics for project size estimationMetrics for project size estimation
Metrics for project size estimationNur Islam
 
Chapter 1 2 - some size factors
Chapter 1   2 - some size factorsChapter 1   2 - some size factors
Chapter 1 2 - some size factorsNancyBeaulah_R
 
Constructive Cost Model - II (COCOMO-II)
Constructive Cost Model - II (COCOMO-II)Constructive Cost Model - II (COCOMO-II)
Constructive Cost Model - II (COCOMO-II)AmanSharma1172
 
Estimating Software Maintenance Costs
Estimating Software Maintenance CostsEstimating Software Maintenance Costs
Estimating Software Maintenance Costslalithambiga kamaraj
 
Phased life cycle model
Phased life cycle modelPhased life cycle model
Phased life cycle modelStephennancy
 
software cost factor
software cost factorsoftware cost factor
software cost factorAbinaya B
 
Fundamental design concepts
Fundamental design conceptsFundamental design concepts
Fundamental design conceptssrijavel
 
Designing Techniques in Software Engineering
Designing Techniques in Software EngineeringDesigning Techniques in Software Engineering
Designing Techniques in Software Engineeringkirupasuchi1996
 
Software Engineering (Project Scheduling)
Software Engineering (Project Scheduling)Software Engineering (Project Scheduling)
Software Engineering (Project Scheduling)ShudipPal
 
Software Process Models
Software Process ModelsSoftware Process Models
Software Process ModelsHassan A-j
 
Software cost estimation techniques presentation
Software cost estimation techniques presentationSoftware cost estimation techniques presentation
Software cost estimation techniques presentationKudzai Rerayi
 
Effort estimation( software Engineering)
Effort estimation( software Engineering)Effort estimation( software Engineering)
Effort estimation( software Engineering)kiran Patel
 
Software Process Improvement
Software Process ImprovementSoftware Process Improvement
Software Process ImprovementBilal Shah
 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Cocomo model
Cocomo modelCocomo model
Cocomo model
 
Lecture6
Lecture6Lecture6
Lecture6
 
Metrics for project size estimation
Metrics for project size estimationMetrics for project size estimation
Metrics for project size estimation
 
Chapter 1 2 - some size factors
Chapter 1   2 - some size factorsChapter 1   2 - some size factors
Chapter 1 2 - some size factors
 
Constructive Cost Model - II (COCOMO-II)
Constructive Cost Model - II (COCOMO-II)Constructive Cost Model - II (COCOMO-II)
Constructive Cost Model - II (COCOMO-II)
 
Estimating Software Maintenance Costs
Estimating Software Maintenance CostsEstimating Software Maintenance Costs
Estimating Software Maintenance Costs
 
Phased life cycle model
Phased life cycle modelPhased life cycle model
Phased life cycle model
 
software cost factor
software cost factorsoftware cost factor
software cost factor
 
Cocomo model
Cocomo modelCocomo model
Cocomo model
 
Cocomo model
Cocomo modelCocomo model
Cocomo model
 
Staffing level estimation
Staffing level estimation Staffing level estimation
Staffing level estimation
 
Fundamental design concepts
Fundamental design conceptsFundamental design concepts
Fundamental design concepts
 
Designing Techniques in Software Engineering
Designing Techniques in Software EngineeringDesigning Techniques in Software Engineering
Designing Techniques in Software Engineering
 
Software Engineering (Project Scheduling)
Software Engineering (Project Scheduling)Software Engineering (Project Scheduling)
Software Engineering (Project Scheduling)
 
Software Engineering
Software EngineeringSoftware Engineering
Software Engineering
 
Software Process Models
Software Process ModelsSoftware Process Models
Software Process Models
 
Software Maintenance
Software MaintenanceSoftware Maintenance
Software Maintenance
 
Software cost estimation techniques presentation
Software cost estimation techniques presentationSoftware cost estimation techniques presentation
Software cost estimation techniques presentation
 
Effort estimation( software Engineering)
Effort estimation( software Engineering)Effort estimation( software Engineering)
Effort estimation( software Engineering)
 
Software Process Improvement
Software Process ImprovementSoftware Process Improvement
Software Process Improvement
 

Andere mochten auch

Software cost estimation
Software cost estimationSoftware cost estimation
Software cost estimationdjview
 
Line of Code (LOC) Matric and Function Point Matric
Line of Code (LOC) Matric and Function Point MatricLine of Code (LOC) Matric and Function Point Matric
Line of Code (LOC) Matric and Function Point MatricAnkush Singh
 
software project management Cocomo model
software project management Cocomo modelsoftware project management Cocomo model
software project management Cocomo modelREHMAT ULLAH
 
Software Cost Estimation in Software Engineering SE23
Software Cost Estimation in Software Engineering SE23Software Cost Estimation in Software Engineering SE23
Software Cost Estimation in Software Engineering SE23koolkampus
 
Cocomo II
Cocomo IICocomo II
Cocomo IIActimel
 

Andere mochten auch (11)

Cocomo II
Cocomo IICocomo II
Cocomo II
 
Software cost estimation
Software cost estimationSoftware cost estimation
Software cost estimation
 
Cocomo ii
Cocomo iiCocomo ii
Cocomo ii
 
Line of Code (LOC) Matric and Function Point Matric
Line of Code (LOC) Matric and Function Point MatricLine of Code (LOC) Matric and Function Point Matric
Line of Code (LOC) Matric and Function Point Matric
 
Cocomo ii
Cocomo iiCocomo ii
Cocomo ii
 
Cocomo
CocomoCocomo
Cocomo
 
COCOMO MODEL
COCOMO MODELCOCOMO MODEL
COCOMO MODEL
 
Cocomo
CocomoCocomo
Cocomo
 
software project management Cocomo model
software project management Cocomo modelsoftware project management Cocomo model
software project management Cocomo model
 
Software Cost Estimation in Software Engineering SE23
Software Cost Estimation in Software Engineering SE23Software Cost Estimation in Software Engineering SE23
Software Cost Estimation in Software Engineering SE23
 
Cocomo II
Cocomo IICocomo II
Cocomo II
 

Ähnlich wie Software cost estimation

21UCAE52 Software Project Management.ppt
21UCAE52 Software Project Management.ppt21UCAE52 Software Project Management.ppt
21UCAE52 Software Project Management.pptssuser7f90ae
 
cost factor.ppt
cost factor.pptcost factor.ppt
cost factor.pptAVUDAI1
 
spm cost estmate slides for bca 4-195245927.ppt
spm cost estmate slides for bca 4-195245927.pptspm cost estmate slides for bca 4-195245927.ppt
spm cost estmate slides for bca 4-195245927.pptRidyaGupta1
 
Estimation techniques and risk management
Estimation techniques and risk managementEstimation techniques and risk management
Estimation techniques and risk managementPurushottam Basnet
 
Top-Down Estimation Approach
Top-Down Estimation ApproachTop-Down Estimation Approach
Top-Down Estimation ApproachSabiha M
 
CS8494 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Unit-5
CS8494 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Unit-5CS8494 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Unit-5
CS8494 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Unit-5SIMONTHOMAS S
 
Exp 02-COCOMO (1).pptx
Exp 02-COCOMO (1).pptxExp 02-COCOMO (1).pptx
Exp 02-COCOMO (1).pptxYagnaGummadi
 
COCOMO methods for software size estimation
COCOMO methods for software size estimationCOCOMO methods for software size estimation
COCOMO methods for software size estimationPramod Parajuli
 
COCOMO Modal In Software Engineering By NADEEM AHMED
COCOMO Modal In Software Engineering By NADEEM AHMED COCOMO Modal In Software Engineering By NADEEM AHMED
COCOMO Modal In Software Engineering By NADEEM AHMED NA000000
 
Lecture5
Lecture5Lecture5
Lecture5soloeng
 
COCOMO 1 Model ppt AR-1.pdf
COCOMO 1 Model  ppt AR-1.pdfCOCOMO 1 Model  ppt AR-1.pdf
COCOMO 1 Model ppt AR-1.pdf23017156038
 
In Depth Constructive Cost Modeling related slides
In Depth Constructive Cost Modeling related slidesIn Depth Constructive Cost Modeling related slides
In Depth Constructive Cost Modeling related slidesChobodiDamsaraniPadm
 

Ähnlich wie Software cost estimation (20)

21UCAE52 Software Project Management.ppt
21UCAE52 Software Project Management.ppt21UCAE52 Software Project Management.ppt
21UCAE52 Software Project Management.ppt
 
Aa03101540158
Aa03101540158Aa03101540158
Aa03101540158
 
COCOMO Model By Dr. B. J. Mohite
COCOMO Model By Dr. B. J. MohiteCOCOMO Model By Dr. B. J. Mohite
COCOMO Model By Dr. B. J. Mohite
 
Cost estamition
Cost estamitionCost estamition
Cost estamition
 
cost factor.ppt
cost factor.pptcost factor.ppt
cost factor.ppt
 
spm cost estmate slides for bca 4-195245927.ppt
spm cost estmate slides for bca 4-195245927.pptspm cost estmate slides for bca 4-195245927.ppt
spm cost estmate slides for bca 4-195245927.ppt
 
Cocomo model
Cocomo modelCocomo model
Cocomo model
 
Estimation techniques and risk management
Estimation techniques and risk managementEstimation techniques and risk management
Estimation techniques and risk management
 
Top-Down Estimation Approach
Top-Down Estimation ApproachTop-Down Estimation Approach
Top-Down Estimation Approach
 
Software cost estimation
Software cost estimationSoftware cost estimation
Software cost estimation
 
CS8494 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Unit-5
CS8494 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Unit-5CS8494 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Unit-5
CS8494 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Unit-5
 
Exp 02-COCOMO (1).pptx
Exp 02-COCOMO (1).pptxExp 02-COCOMO (1).pptx
Exp 02-COCOMO (1).pptx
 
COCOMO methods for software size estimation
COCOMO methods for software size estimationCOCOMO methods for software size estimation
COCOMO methods for software size estimation
 
Ch26
Ch26Ch26
Ch26
 
COCOMO Modal In Software Engineering By NADEEM AHMED
COCOMO Modal In Software Engineering By NADEEM AHMED COCOMO Modal In Software Engineering By NADEEM AHMED
COCOMO Modal In Software Engineering By NADEEM AHMED
 
Lecture5
Lecture5Lecture5
Lecture5
 
COCOMO 1 Model ppt AR-1.pdf
COCOMO 1 Model  ppt AR-1.pdfCOCOMO 1 Model  ppt AR-1.pdf
COCOMO 1 Model ppt AR-1.pdf
 
COCOMO model
COCOMO modelCOCOMO model
COCOMO model
 
In Depth Constructive Cost Modeling related slides
In Depth Constructive Cost Modeling related slidesIn Depth Constructive Cost Modeling related slides
In Depth Constructive Cost Modeling related slides
 
Cocomo model
Cocomo modelCocomo model
Cocomo model
 

Mehr von Dr. C.V. Suresh Babu (20)

Data analytics with R
Data analytics with RData analytics with R
Data analytics with R
 
Association rules
Association rulesAssociation rules
Association rules
 
Clustering
ClusteringClustering
Clustering
 
Classification
ClassificationClassification
Classification
 
Blue property assumptions.
Blue property assumptions.Blue property assumptions.
Blue property assumptions.
 
Introduction to regression
Introduction to regressionIntroduction to regression
Introduction to regression
 
DART
DARTDART
DART
 
Mycin
MycinMycin
Mycin
 
Expert systems
Expert systemsExpert systems
Expert systems
 
Dempster shafer theory
Dempster shafer theoryDempster shafer theory
Dempster shafer theory
 
Bayes network
Bayes networkBayes network
Bayes network
 
Bayes' theorem
Bayes' theoremBayes' theorem
Bayes' theorem
 
Knowledge based agents
Knowledge based agentsKnowledge based agents
Knowledge based agents
 
Rule based system
Rule based systemRule based system
Rule based system
 
Formal Logic in AI
Formal Logic in AIFormal Logic in AI
Formal Logic in AI
 
Production based system
Production based systemProduction based system
Production based system
 
Game playing in AI
Game playing in AIGame playing in AI
Game playing in AI
 
Diagnosis test of diabetics and hypertension by AI
Diagnosis test of diabetics and hypertension by AIDiagnosis test of diabetics and hypertension by AI
Diagnosis test of diabetics and hypertension by AI
 
A study on “impact of artificial intelligence in covid19 diagnosis”
A study on “impact of artificial intelligence in covid19 diagnosis”A study on “impact of artificial intelligence in covid19 diagnosis”
A study on “impact of artificial intelligence in covid19 diagnosis”
 
A study on “impact of artificial intelligence in covid19 diagnosis”
A study on “impact of artificial intelligence in covid19 diagnosis”A study on “impact of artificial intelligence in covid19 diagnosis”
A study on “impact of artificial intelligence in covid19 diagnosis”
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

The Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice documentThe Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice documentXsasf Sfdfasd
 
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming Classes
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming ClassesHuman-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming Classes
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming ClassesMohammad Hassany
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17Celine George
 
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRATanmoy Mishra
 
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfMaximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfTechSoup
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.EnglishCEIPdeSigeiro
 
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxPatterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxMYDA ANGELICA SUAN
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...raviapr7
 
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptx
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptxPractical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptx
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptxKatherine Villaluna
 
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxEducation and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxraviapr7
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationMJDuyan
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?TechSoup
 
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxDr. Asif Anas
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
 
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICEQuality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICESayali Powar
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

The Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice documentThe Singapore Teaching Practice document
The Singapore Teaching Practice document
 
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quizFinals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
 
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming Classes
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming ClassesHuman-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming Classes
Human-AI Co-Creation of Worked Examples for Programming Classes
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
 
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
 
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfMaximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
 
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
Easter in the USA presentation by Chloe.
 
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdfPersonal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
 
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptxPatterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
Patterns of Written Texts Across Disciplines.pptx
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
 
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptx
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptxPractical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptx
Practical Research 1: Lesson 8 Writing the Thesis Statement.pptx
 
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptxEducation and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
Education and training program in the hospital APR.pptx
 
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive EducationBenefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
Benefits & Challenges of Inclusive Education
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
 
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
 
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quizPrelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
 
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICEQuality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
 

Software cost estimation

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. 1. Appropriate to talk about s/w cost after s/w size estimation because: Both are types of estimation Methods of cost estimation often require size estimates (e.g., COCOMO)
  2. No recent values but in most course taken there is the general consensus that values haven’t changed much Additional cost is significant
  3. There are finite amount of resources and so may not have enough for entire desired functionality What features can be included Reduce risk by scheduling costly tasks first Give more resources to costly projects (e.g., faster computers) 2. Similar to resource allocation - Assigning the more experienced personnel to costly projects/tasks - Sometimes called manpower loading – number of engineering and management personnel allocated to a project in a given amount of time
  4. 0. When is cost estimation done? - Do estimates at the beginning of a project after reqs have been clarified  could be done several times - E.g., bidding on a job, initial estimate on preliminary reqs  more detailed estimate afterwards The estimates should get progressively more accurate during the software life cycle - Helpful to have an automated method for re-estimating and collecting 2. - Appropriate level of detail is dependent upon situation - Monitoring shouldn’t be difficult otherwise it may not be done (automated, tools) 3. Of course, a company that does a lot of contract work must win bids and so the initial estimate method is very important
  5. The person responsible could be a developer or manager. Called analogy-based estimation Historical information is often from memory  experienced people The analog approach is fairly common. 2. Some people believe that it is better to have the estimates done by outsiders so that there is less chance of biased estimates. - Fewer politics involved, an estimator who is a developer may have more reason to give a very optimistic estimate to please the manager (short-term) - Empirical methods will include equations - Use equations because don’t know organization and previous projects as well as someone inside the organization - No estimation model is appropriate for all classes of software, and in all development environments. Often, the estimation models need to be calibrated for local needs
  6. 0. Didn’t put numbers because there is some overlap in the sequence of the main points (not completely sequential) 3. Important to use more than one method
  7. The Intermediate Model estimates the software development effort by using fifteen cost driver variables besides the size variable used in Basic COCOMO. Product Attributes RELY:  Required Software Reliability The extent to which the software product must perform its intended functions satisfactorily over a period of time. DATA:  Data Base Size The degree of the total amount of data to be assembled for the data base. CPLX:  Software Product Complexity The level of complexity of the product to be developed. Computer Attributes TIME --- Execution Time Constraint The degree of the execution constraint imposed upon a software product. STOR --- Main Storage Constraint The degree of main storage constraint imposed upon a software product. VIRT --- Virtual Machine Volatility The level of the virtual machine underlying the product to be developed. TURN --- Computer Turnaround Time The level of computer response time experienced by the project team developing the product. Personnel Attributes ACAP:  Analyst Capability The level of capability of the analysts working on a software product. AEXP:  Applications Experience The level of applications experience of the project team developing the software product. PCAP:  Programmer Capability The level of capability of the programmers working on the software product. VEXP:  Virtual Machine Experience The level of virtual machine experience of the project team developing the product. LEXP:  Programming Language Experience The level of programming language experience of the project team developing the product. Project Attributes MODP:  Use of Modern Programming Practices The degree to which modern programming practices (MPPs) are used in developing software product. TOOL:  Use of Software Tools The degree to which software tools are used in developing the software product. SCED:  Schedule Constraint The level of schedule constraint imposed upon the project team developing the software product.
  8. The Application Composition Model Suitable for projects built with modern GUI-builder tools. Based on new Object Points. The Early Design Model You can use this model to get rough estimates of a project's cost and duration before you've determined it's entire architecture. It uses a small set of new Cost Drivers, and new estimating equations. Based on Unadjusted Function Points or KSLOC. The Post-Architecture Model This is the most detailed COCOMO II model. You'll use it after you've developed your project's overall architecture. It has new cost drivers, new line counting rules, and new equations.
  9. 9. Does COCOMO II replace traditional COCOMO? You should use COCOMO II for most of your new projects. COCOMO 81 is still the best approach for some software projects. If you're using a fairly traditional approach, and using a 3GL (third generation language), such as C, Fortran, or Cobol, the original COCOMO will give you good results.  If your development tools and processes haven't changed much in recent years, COCOMO 81 might be the right model for you. If you're using more modern tools, a new development process model, a 4GL language, or tools like Visual Basic, Delphi, or Power Builder, you might find that COCOMO II makes more sense. When in doubt, try to model your project using both the traditional COCOMO and COCOMO II.
  10. How many of you see cost estimation done in your organizations? What types of experiences have you had with COCOMO?