A brief description on biometrics

2.  Outline
 Introduction
 Biometrics techniques
 Strengths, and weaknesses
 FAR/FRR
 Major Players
 Summary

3. What Is Biometrics ?
Biometrics is the reading of a unique human
physical attribute as data, which is then
applied to authenticate a system.
Passwords -“something we know”
Tokens and Cards –”something we possess”
(e.g., ID cards, smart cards, digital certificates)
Biometrics –”something that is part of
us”
(e.g., retina scan, fingerprints, facial recognition )

4. WORKING PRINCIPLE OF
BIOMETRIC’S

5. Biometrics Techniques
 Retina scanning
 Iris scanning
 Fingerprint scanning
 Hand scanning
 Face recognition
 Voice recognition &
DSV
 Signature recognition
 Keystroke recognition

6. Retinal
Scanning
 User Looks Into a
Viewer and
Focuses on a Point;
Infrared Light
Scans Retina
Iris Scanning
User looks at a camera
(distance from camera
increasing rapidly to
2-3 feet)

7. User Places Finger on
Scanning Device

8. User Places Hand on
Device

9. User Looks at Camera , it is based on the
face geometry

10. SIGNATURE RECOGNITION
This is done by analyzing the shape,
speed, stroke, pen pressure and timing
information during the act of signing.

11. Other Techniques
Voice Recognition & DSV
User speaks into a microphone or other
device, such as a telephone handset
Keystroke Recognition
User types standard sample
on keyboard

12. Strengths, and Weakness
Retina
Iris
Fingerprint
Hand/Finger Geometry
Face Recognition
Voice Recognition
Signature Recognition
Keystroke Recognition

13. Technique Strengths
Retina Highly accurate
Iris Highly accurate; works with
eyeglasses; more acceptable to
users than retina scan
Fingerprint Mature technology; highly
accurate; low cost; small size,
becoming widely acceptable
Hand/Finger Geometry accurate and flexible; widely
acceptable to users
Face Recognition Widely acceptable to users; low
cost; no direct contact; passive
monitoring possible
Voice Recognition Usable over existing telephone
system; good for remote access
and monitoring;
Signature Recognition Widely acceptable to users
Keystroke Recognition Widely acceptable to users; low
cost; uses existing hardware

14. Technique Weaknesses
Retina Inconvenient for persons with
eyeglasses; dislike contact with
device and light beam
Iris New technology, cost, although
this is rapidly changing
Fingerprint Users can create high FRR; some
persons dislike contact with
device
Hand/Finger Geometry User interface is bulky; dislike
contact with device
Face Recognition Face recognition is less accurate
than other methods
Voice Recognition Less accuracy; subject to
background noise
Signature Recognition Less accuracy; not widely used
yet, but has potential with PDAs
Keystroke Recognition Less accuracy;

15. FAR & FRR
FAR(False Acceptance rate) – refers to how
often the system accepts someone it should
reject
AND
FRR(False Rejection Rate) is how often the
system rejects someone it shouldn’t.

16. Major Players
 Computer access
 Physical access
 Handheld devices
 Military/Govt. Agencies/DOD
 Financial services
 Hospitals
 Telecommunication

17. Summary
 As biometric technology advances, the cost of systems
will decrease.
 At the same time, biometrics systems will become
increasingly sophisticated and accurate.
 Scientist will physical and behavioral traits will
increase the usefulness of biometrics.
 The general public will gradually come to accept
biometric system.