1. ANATOMY OF THE THIGH By: Dr: Mohammed Faez

2. Anatomy of the thigh The thigh is the area between the pelvis and the knee. The single bone in the thigh (femur).

3. Surface anatomy of the thigh Surface features of the Thigh Sartorius muscle Quadriceps femoris muscle Adductor longus muscle Hamstring muscles Femoral triange

4. Anatomy of the thigh Thigh is divided to 3 groups of muscles called compartments. Anterior compartment Posterior compartment Medial compartment These three compartments are separated by fascia.

5. Compartments of the Thigh Fascial septa divide limb into compartaments anterior compartment medial compartment posterior compartment Anterior compartment Medial (adductor) compartment Posterior compartment Fascia Lata

6. Anatomy of the thigh The anterior compartment muscles of the thigh flex the femur at the hip and extend the leg at the knee. The posterior compartment muscles of the thigh extend the thigh and flex the leg. The medial compartment muscles all adduct the thigh.

7. Anatomy of the thigh The anterior compartment of the thigh is homologous to the posterior compartment of the arm. The posterior compartment of the thigh is homologous to the anterior compartment of the arm.

9. Anatomy of the thigh Thigh innervations: Anterior compartment from femoral nerve L2,3,4. Medial compartment from obturator nerve L2,3,4. Posterior compartment from sciatic nerveL4,5,S1,2,3 (sacral plexus).

10. Thigh innervations Anterior compartment- Extensors of the knee Femoral Nerve femur medial lateral Medial compartment- Adductors of the knee Obturator Nerve Posterior compartment- Flexors of the knee Sciatic Nerve

11. Anterior surface of thigh Femoral Triangle: Borders: Superior: Inguinal Ligament Medially: Adductor Longus Muscle Laterally: Sartorius Muscle

12. Anterior surface of thigh Femoral Triangle: Floor: Iliopsoas muscle. Pectineus muscle. Adductor longus muscle. Roof: Fascia Lata

13. Anterior surface of thigh Femoral Triangle: Contents (lateral to medial): Femoral Nerve Femoral Artery Femoral Vein Lymphatics

14. Anterior surface of thigh Adductor Canal: Borders: Lateral: Vastusmedialis muscle. Posterior: Adductor longus and magnus. Anteromedial: Sartorius muscle.

15. Anterior surface of thigh Adductor Canal: Contents: Saphenous nerve: Termination of femoral nerve. Nerve to vastusmedialis. Terminal part of obturator nerve. Terminal parts of femoral artery and vein. Deep lymph vessels.

16. Anterior Compartment Muscles: Iliopsoas. Sartorius. Quadriceps: Rectus femoris. Vastuslateralis. Vastusintermedius. Vastusmedialis

17. Anterior Compartment Blood Supply: Femoral Artery: Superficial circumflex iliac. Superficial epigastric. Superficial external pudendal. Deep external pudendal. Descending genicular. Deep femoral (profundafemoris) Lateral femoral circumflex. Medial femoral circumflex.

18. Anterior Compartment Innervation: Femoral Nerve: Action: Hip flexion. Knee extension.

19. Anterior Compartment Iliopsoas Origin - Ilia, sacrum, lumbar vertebrae Insertion – lesser trochanter Action – flexor of thigh Innervation – femoral nerve

21. Insertion: Medial side of superior tibia,viapesanserinus

22. Action: flex thigh at hip & flex leg at knee

24. Insertion: Tibialtuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris

25. Action: Flex thigh at hip & extend leg at knee

27. Insertion: Tibialtuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris

28. Action: Extend leg at knee

30. Insertion: Tibialtuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris

31. Action: Extend leg at knee

33. Insertion: Tibialtuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris

34. Action: Extend leg at knee

36. Anterior Compartment

37. Anterior (extensor) compartment of the thigh Innervation: Femoral Nerve anterior anterior

38. Medial Compartment Muscles: Gracilis. Adductor longus. Adductor brevis. Adductor magnus. Pectineus

39. Medial Compartment Blood Supply: Obturator artery: Branch of internal iliac artery.

40. Medial Compartment Innervation: Obturator nerve. Tibial nerve: To hamstring portion of adductor magnus. Action: Adduction

41. Medial Compartment Adductor longus Origin – Medial portion of superior pubic ramus Insertion - lineaaspera of femur Action – adducts and medial rotates Innervation – Obturator nerve

42. Medial Compartment Adductor brevis Origin – Inferior pubic ramus Insertion - lineaaspera of femur Action – adducts and medial rotates Innervation – Obturator nerve

43. Medial Compartment Adductor magnus Origin – Ischiopubicramus and ischialtuberosity Insertion - lineaaspera of femur Action – adducts and medial rotates Innervation – Obturator nerve

44. Medial Compartment Gracilis Origin - Pubic symphysis and inferior pubic ramus Insertion – medial tibia Action – adducts thigh, flex, medial, rotates leg Innervation – Obturator nerve

45. Medial Compartment Pectineus Origin - pubis Insertion – lesser trochanter Action – adducts, medial rotates Innervation – femoral nerve

46. Medial Compartment

47. Medial Compartment

48. Medial (adductor) compartment of the thigh Innervation: obturatornerve* medial *Adductor Magnus innervated by both obturator n and tibial division of sciatic n medial

49. Posterior Compartment Muscles: Hamstrings: Biceps Femoris: Long head. Short head. Semimembranosus. Semitendinosus. Adductor Hiatus

50. Posterior Compartment Vascular Supply: Perforating arteries (from profundafemoris)

51. Posterior Compartment Innervation: Common Peroneal Nerve: To biceps femorisbrevis. Tibial nerve: Action: Hip Extension. Knee Flexion.

52. Posterior Compartment Biceps Femoris (2 Heads) Origin – Ischialtuberosity(long head), lineaaspera(short head). Insertion - Lateral tibia, head fibula Action - Thigh extension, knee flexion, lateral rotation Innervation- (short head) Common Fibular Nerve branch of Sciatic Nerve. (long head) Tibial Nerve branch of Sciatic Nerve.

53. Posterior Compartment Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Origin - ischialtuberosity Insertion - medial tibia Action - thigh extension, knee flexion, medial rotation Innervation- Tibial nerve branch of sciatic nerve.

54. Posterior Compartment

55. Posterior Compartment

57. Except short head of biceps femoris: common fibular division of sciatic nerveposterior

68. Thank You