This document discusses civil and political rights from both a national and international perspective. Nationally, it outlines the fundamental rights protected under Part III of the Indian Constitution, such as equality before the law, freedom of speech, and freedom of religion. Internationally, it describes the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in 1966. The ICCPR protects rights like the right to life, freedom from torture, liberty, privacy, religion, opinion, assembly, and equality. The ICCPR has had a significant impact on protecting human rights at both the national and international levels.

1. CIVIL & POLITICAL RIGHTS:
National & International Perspective

2. THANKYOU
• SUBMITTED BY:
ANAMIKA BISHNOI
IV YEAR B.A.LL.B.

3. What are civil & political rights?
• Birthright over polity
• Ensure citizen’s ability of full
• participation in the field
• Removes discrimination
• Protect the freedom
• Civil rights include ensuring physical and
mental integrity, life & safety
• Political rights include natural justice in
law

4. National Perspective
• Part III of the constitution- fundamental
rights
• Article 13- the heart of Fundamental
Rights

5. • Article 14- Equality before law & equal
protection of law
• Article 15- Prohibition of
discrimination on grounds of
religion, race, caste, sex or place of
birth
• Article 16- Equality of opportunity in
matters of public employment
• Article 17- Abolition of untouchability
• Article 18- Abolition of Titles
RIGHT TO EQUALITY

6. • Article 19- Right to
1. Freedom of speech & expression
2. Assemble peaceably without arms
3. Form associations or unions
4. Move freely throughout the territory
5. Reside & settle in any part of territory
6. Practice any profession, or to carry on any
occupation trade or business
• Article 20 – protection in respect of
conviction for offences
• Article 21- protection of life & personal
liberty
• Article 22- protection against arrest &
detention in certain cases
Right To Freedom

7. • Article 23- Prohibition of traffic in
human beings & forced Labour
• Article 24- prohibition of employment
of children in factories, etc.
Right Against Exploitation

8. • Article 25- freedom of conscience &
free profession, practice & propagation
of religion
• Article 26- freedom to manage
religious affairs
• Article 27- freedom as to payment of
taxes for promotion of any particular
religion
• Article 28- freedom as to attendance at
religious instruction or religious
worship in certain educational
institutions
Right to Freedom of Religion

9. INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
• Adoption of UDHR on 10th
December 1948
• Need of civil & political with
economic, social & cultural rights
arised.
• Covenants adopted on 16th Dec 1966
• Called ICCPR & ICESCR

10. GENERAL
• Article 1- right to self-determination
• Article 2- state parties undertake to respect &
protect all individuals & their rights
• Article 3- equal right of men & women to the
enjoyment of civil & political
International Covenant on Civil & Political
Rights, 1966

11. Statutory provisions
• Article 6- Right to Life
• Article 7- right against cruel & inhuman
treatment
• Article 8- Right against Slavery
• Article 9- Right to Liberty
• Article 10- Right to humane treatment
in case of deprivation of liberty.
• Article 12- Right to freedom to reside
anywhere

12. • Article 14- Equality before courts &
tribunals
• Article 16- Right to recognition as a
person before law
• Article 17- Right against unlawful
interference into one’s privacy
• Article 18- Right to freedom of
religion, thought & conscience
• Article 19- Right to freedom of
opinion
• Article 21- Right to peaceful
assembly

13. • Article 22- Right to freedom of association
• Article 25- Right to vote
• Article 26- Right to Equality

14. • Fundamental rights in the constitution of India
• Other acts passed in the c0untry for protection of
human rights
• ICCPR has great impact on national &
international level
• Very important instrument in human right
protection
CONCLUSION