4. Why Study Data Resource Management?
• Today’s business enterprises cannot
survive or succeed without data and
quality data about their internal operations
and external environment.
• Data at companies, is the blood!
5. Data Resource Management
Definition:
• A managerial activity that applies
information systems technologies to the
task of managing an organization’s data
resources to meet the information´s
needs of the business.
6. Foundation Data Concepts
• Character – single alphabetic, numeric or other
symbol
T, %, Ñ, 4, +
• Field – group of related characters
Lolita, Student, 34,290.45, 70-04-12
11. Data Vs Information
• Data – a collection of facts made up of text,
numbers and dates:
Villareal 35000 7/18/86
• Information - the meaning given to data in the way
it is interpreted:
Mr. Villareal is a sales person whose annual
salary is $35,000 and whose hire date is
July 18, 1986.
13. An Example of a Table (or File)
Fields or Attributes
Records
Name E-mail-Link Phone College
Graff rgraff 392-3900 Pharmacy
Harris bharris 392-5555 Medicine
Ipswich zipswich 846-5656 PHHP
14. Basic Database Concepts
• Table Name: Barry Harris
• A set of related College: Medicine
records Tel: 392-5555
x Record
– A collection of data Name: Barry Harris
College: Medicine
about an individual item Tel: 392-5555
x Field
– A single item of data Name: Barry Harris
common to all records
17. What is a Database Systems
• Database:
a very large, integrated
collection of data.
• Models a real-world enterprise
• Entities (e.g., Doctors, patientes)
• Relationships
(e.g., The Doctor is attending
patients)
•
19. ?
Why Study Databases??
Need for DB has exploded in the last years in many
fields, such as:
• Corporate: retail sector, customer relationship
mgmt, supply chain mgmt, data warehouses,
enterprise management, human resources,
finance and accounting, etc.
• Scientific: digital libraries, Human Genome
project, NASA Mission to Planet Earth, physical
sensors, grid physics network
20. Labels of Abstraction
Architecture of Data Bases
Users
• Views describe how
users see the data.
• Conceptual schema View 1 View 2 View 3
defines logical structure
Conceptual Schema
• Physical schema
describes the files and Physical Schema
indexes used.
DB
• (sometimes called the
ANSI/SPARC model)
21. Example: University Database
• External Schema (View):
• Course_info(cid:string, cname:string,
cteacher: string)
• Conceptual schema: View 1 View 2 View 3
• Students(sid: string, name: string,
login: string, age: integer, gpa:real) Conceptual Schema
• Courses(cid: string, cname:string,
credits:integer) Physical Schema
• Teachers(tid:string, tname:string,
tdepart:string)
• Physical schema (in physical DB): DB
• Relations stored as unordered files.
• Index on first column of Students.
22. Data Independence
• Applications insulated from
how data is structured and View 1 View 2 View 3
stored.
• Logical data independence:
Protection from changes in Conceptual Schema
logical structure of data.
Physical Schema
• Physical data independence:
Protection from changes in
physical structure of data. DB
33. Data Mart
Definition:
• Databases that hold subsets of data from
a data warehouse that focus on specific
aspects of a company, such as a
department or a business process
34. Data Warehouse & Data Marts
Data Mart
Marketing
Data Data Mart
Warehouse Production
Data Mart
sales
