1. THE COLD WAR
1945-1991

2. THE POST WAR PERIOD
• New lifestyle in America, including drive in
restaurants, rock and roll music,
and the television
• TVs became more common in the homes
in the 50s, ABC, NBC, and CBS are the
main channels
• Popular TV shows include “I Love Lucy”,
“Bonanza”, and “The Mickey Mouse Club”.

3. THE COLD WAR
• USA and Soviet Union’s relations became very tense
after WWII.
• Tension/hostility known as The Cold War (1945-1991)
• The US and USSR were the most powerful countries
post WWII “Super Powers”
• USSR kept Eastern European countries under an “Iron
Curtain”
• US practiced “containment” against the USSR, led to
wars in Korea and Vietnam.
• Ended with the breakup of the USSR in the early 1990s
and moved Russia towards a democracy

4. POST WWII EUROPE “IRON CURTAIN”

5. KOREAN WAR
• 1950- N Korea
(Communist forces)
crosses the 38th parallel
and invaded S Korea
• United Nations, led by the
US sends aid to S Korea
• http://www.history.com/topics/korean-
war/videos/sherman-pratt-survives-the-korean-
war?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=fal
se
• Peace declared July 1953
with cease fire
• 54,000 Americans killed,
(500 Georgians)
• Many GA business’s
benefited from doing
business with military

6. CASUALTIES OF KOREAN WAR
• Dead — United States: 54,246,United
Nations: 628,833
• Wounded — United States: 103,284,
United Nations: 1,644,453.
• Captured — United States: 7,140, United
Nations: 92,970.
• Missing — United States: 8,177, United
Nations: 470,267.
• http://www.history.com/topics/korean-war/videos/douglas-
macarthur?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

7. KOREAN WAR IN PICTURES

8. THE IRON CURTAIN FALLS
• http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/red-
scare/videos
• Post WWII Europe
divided in two
• Soviets want to spread
communism
• U.S. promotes
democracy & promises to
protect our friends

9. TRUMAN DOCTRINE
• (1947) Pres. Truman’s
program of helping
nations threatened by
communism
• “The free peoples of the
world look to us for
support in maintaining
their freedoms. If we
falter in our leadership,
we may endanger the
peace of the world—
and we shall surely
endanger the welfare of
our own nation”-
Truman

10. THE MARSHALL PLAN
• (1947) large scale
plan by U.S. General
George Marshall to
rebuild Europe post-
WWII
• Stalin rejected this
because it weakened
Soviet influence
• U.S. provided $12
billion between 1948-
1952

11. GERMANY SPLIT (EAST & WEST)
• Post WWII Germany
divided into zones
• 1948 U.S., France &
Great Britain ready to re-
unite Germany…. Stalin
says no…
• West Germany/Berlin-U.S.
• East Germany/Berlin-Soviet
Union
• 1949 Stalin blockades
West Berlin, leads to
Berlin airlift…tensions
high…May 1949 Stalin
lifts blockade

12. BERLIN WALL (1961)
• (1949-1961) 3 million
East Germans escaped
to West Germany via
West Berlin…Soviet
Union responds..
• August 1961 begin
constructing concrete &
barbed wire wall to divide
Berlin...defining symbol of
the Cold War
• http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/berlin-
wall/videos/deconstructing-history-berlin-
wall?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=fa
lse

13. COLD WAR CONTINUES
• September 3, 1949 Soviet Union tests their own
atomic bomb
• May 1949 China becomes Communist, fuels fear
that Communism might overwhelm all of Asia…
• 1950-1953 Korean War
• 1953 Americans Ethel & Julius Rosenberg
executed for stealing nuclear secrets for S.Union
• 1946-1954 “Red Scare” panic in America that
Communist spies were everywhere, many
persecuted, fired, etc.

14. THE ARMS RACE
• 1953 U.S & Soviet Union
test Hydrogen Bombs
• 1957 Soviets launch
Sputnik (worlds first
satellite)…if Soviets can
reach space… they have
missiles to reach U.S.
• 1958-60 U.S. tripled
atomic stockpile from
6,000 to 18,000
• 1958 NASA established to give
U.S. advantage in space race
• http://www.history.com/topics/space-
race/videos/space-race-cold-war-
front?m=528e38969e64d

15. CONFLICT IN CUBA
• 1959 Fidel Castro
leads Communist
revolution in Cuba
• 1961 John F.
Kennedy elected
President
• http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/red-
scare/videos/jfk-a-new-
generation?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&f
ree=false
• 1961 (April) Bay of
Pigs invasion (U.S.
supported) fails to
overthrow Castro

16. CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS (Oct. 1962)
• U.S. learns Soviets secretly building missile
bases in Cuba (if allowed atomic
missiles could reach U.S.
cities within minutes)
• Kennedy “strict quarantine” of Cuba, U.S. Navy would
turn around any Soviet missile carrying ships
• Over 13 day span U.S. & Soviet Union tensions
rise as neither side would back down…
nuclear war seems inevitable
• At last moment Soviet ships turn back
• Victory for Kennedy
• Closest the world has ever come to full scale nuclear war

17. WHAT TO STUDY FOR EARLY
COLD WAR/CIVIL RIGHTS TEST
• Notes:
-Cold War (#31 in notebook)
-Chapter 12 Section 2 (#35 in notebook)
-Chapter 12 Section 3 (#37 in notebook)

18. PRESIDENT KENNEDY
ASSASSINATED
• Nov., 22nd 1963 Kennedy
shot & killed in Dallas,
Texas
• Lee Harvey Oswald
charged w/murder but he
was killed 2 days later in
police custody
• Warren Commission
concludes Oswald acted
alone… many
conspiracies say
otherwise…
• http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/john-f-
kennedy/videos/john-f-kennedy-assassinated
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2nmGS8rVuIM

19. KENNEDY ASSASINATION IN
PICTURES

20. VIETNAM WAR (1961-1975)
• North Vietnam-
Communist (Soviet
Union backed)
• South Vietnam-
Democratic (U.S.
backed)

21. AMERICA’S LONGEST WAR
(1961-1973)
The Two Vietnams:
-North Vietnam-communist gov’t
led by Ho Chi Minh and backed
by Soviet Union
-South Vietnam-led by Ngo
Dinh Diem and backed by
the United States

22. GROWING AMERICAN
INVOLVEMENT
• Goal of the U.S. to
prevent “domino
theory”
• 1964 a North
Vietnamese ship
supposedly attacked
a U.S. navy ship
• Congress passes Gulf
of Tonkin Resolution
(started the full scale
war)

23. DIVISIONS AT HOME
• Hawks supported the
war
• Doves opposed the
war
• Protests erupted
around the country
(led by hippies)

24. STRATEGY IN VIETNAM
• Defeat the communists by killing the
“Viet Cong” guerrilla fighters
• Problem/Challenge it was almost
impossible to know who was on what side
(North & South Vietnamese look same)
• Jungle fighting for
the majority, rough
conditions,
high casualties
• http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/
vietnam-war-history/videos/daily-life?m=51896f797a81d

26. The War Winds Down
• Bombing of Cambodia sends them into a
civil war
• 1973 a cease fire agreement reached
• 1975 last Americans leave Saigon, North
Vietnamese invade
the south and Vietnam
was made fully
communist
(still is today)

27. EFFECTS OF VIETNAM
• More than 58,000 American soldiers killed
• More than 1,000,000 Vietnamese soldiers killed
• Approximately 500,000 Vietnamese civilians
killed
• Bitterly divided our nation, soldiers treated
poorly when they returned home (spit on, yelled
at, denied jobs, etc.)
• Enormous amount of $ spent on
the war, only war in U.S. History
that we did not win (we quit)

28. VIETNAM MEMORIAL
(Washington, D.C.)

29. EDWARD SCOTT
THURMOND
• Edward Scott Thurmond
• Lance Corporal
H&S CO, 3RD BN, 5TH
MARINES, 1ST MARDIV, III
MAF
United States Marine Corps
Augusta, Georgia
August 10, 1947 to February
06, 1968
EDWARD S THURMOND is
on the Wall at Panel 37E Line
072
See the full profile for Edward
Thurmond
• PERSONAL DATA Home of Record:
Augusta, GA Date of birth: 08/10/1947
MILITARY DATA Service: United
States Marine Corps Grade at loss: E3
Rank: Lance Corporal ID No: 2307954
MOS: 0351: ANTITANK
ASSAULTMAN Length Service: 01
Unit: H&S CO, 3RD BN, 5TH
MARINES, 1ST MARDIV, III MAF
CASUALTY DATA
Start Tour: 04/17/1967
Incident Date: 02/06/1968
Casualty Date: 02/06/1968
Age at Loss: 20
Location: Quang Nam Province,
South Vietnam
Remains: Body recovered
Casualty Type: Hostile, died outright
Casualty Reason: Ground casualty
Casualty Detail: Gun or small arms
fire

30. http://www.virtualwall.org/ipanel
s/ipan37e.htm

31. Watergate
• 1972: Group of men arrested for breaking
into the Watergate Hotel in Washington, DC
to “bug” Democratic
National Committee offices
• Evidence showed that President Nixon knew
about the burglary and tried to cover it up
• Nixon resigned and Vice-President Gerald
Ford became president

32. The Energy Crisis (Déjà vu)
• 1973: US supports Israel in
its war with Egypt
• Arab nations stop selling oil to the US
• Price of gas went up and there were
shortages
• Georgians began to drive
less and purchase
fuel-efficient cars
• Prudhoe Bay, Alaska: Alaskan Pipeline brought oil
to the “lower 48” states
• http://www.history.com/topics/watergate/videos/1970s?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

33. COLD WAR NUCLEAR WARHEAD
BUILD UP (in thousands)

34. COLD WAR CONTINUES
• 1972 Pres. Nixon visits China
• 1979 U.S. establishes diplomatic relations with
China, tensions ease, trade begins, etc.
• 1979 Soviets invade Afghanistan, endure costly
8 year war vs. U.S. backed rebels
(including…Osama Bin Laden)
• 1981 Ronald Reagan new President:
Soviet Union: “the focus of evil in the modern
world” Americans must
“oppose it with all our might”

35. PRESIDENT REAGAN (1981-
1988)
• Increased military
spending by $100
billion
• “Star Wars” program to
shoot down Soviet
missiles in outer space
• Called Soviet Union the
“Evil Empire”
• Tough stance with
Soviets on Cold War
• http://www.history.com/topics/us-
presidents/ronald-reagan/videos

36. REFORMS IN SOVIET UNION
• 1985 Mikhail Gorbachev
comes to power in USSR
• USSR in economic
crisis…
• Reagan & Gorbachev
work out deals on short-
range & medium range
nuclear missiles
• 1989 Soviets withdraw
from Afghanistan

37. BERLIN WALL FALLS! (1989)
• 1989 Gorbachev removes
political restrictions in
USSR
• 1989 Poland holds 1st
free elections in 50 years
• Communist governments
fall in Romania, Hungary,
Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria
and Albania
• East Germans protest
and begin tearing down
Berlin Wall that had
divided city for 38 years

38. SOVIET UNION BREAKS
UP/COLD WAR ENDS!
• 1991 Soviet Union broke
apart (15 separate
nations)
• Boris Yeltsin new
President of Russia
(Democratically elected)
• COLD WAR finally
OVER!
• http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/berlin-wall/videos/the-
fall-of-the-soviet-
union?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

39. PERSIAN GULF WAR
• Aug 1990: Iraq
invaded Kuwait to
gain oil & port city
• US Military & coalition
of 26 other nations
defeat Iraq in
“Operation Desert
Shield”
• US victory in less
than 2 months!

40. TERRORISM HITS HOME…
• 1993 car bomb explodes in
NYC World Trade Center
parking garage by Islamic
extremists
Killed: 6 Injured: 1,000+
• 1995 two American radicals
explode a homemade bomb in
van outside Oklahoma City
federal building
Killed: 168
• 9-11-2001 World Trade Center
bombings, Pentagon & United
Flight 93 by Islamic
extremists… Killed: 3,000+
• http://www.history.com/topics/oklahoma-city-
bombing/videos/911-
timeline?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

41. THE WAR ON TERRORISM
• October 7, 2001: “Operation Enduring
Freedom” launched in Afghanistan to
retaliate for 9-11 attacks and install
democratic gov’t. 70 other nations
participate. Still on going…
• March 19, 2003: “Operation Iraqi
Freedom” launched to remove Saddam
Hussein as dictator of Iraq and install
democratic gov’t. Still on going…

42. “GERONIMO, GERONIMO”
• May 1st, 2011 U.S. Navy Seal
special forces unit stormed a
house in Pakistan and killed
Osama Bin Laden, mastermind
of the 9-11-01 attacks
• http://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=2eluMNbIW-w
• http://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=dsvd-30Xtbs
• The war on terrorism
continues…

43. BOSTON MARATHON
BOMBING April 15, 2013
• 3 killed and hundreds
injured by terrorist
bombing in Boston,
Mass.
• 2 Russian/Chechnian
born Muslim terrorists
responsible. 1 killed
and 1 in custody