1. The History of film
By Amelia Barrett

2. How it all began…
The history of film began in the late 1880s with the invention of the first
movie camera. The movie camera is a type of photographic camera that
takes a selection of photographs on a strip of film quickly. Motion pictures
were initially seen to be novelty and developed to be one of the most
important tools in the film industry. Most films before 1930 were silent films.

3. The first motion picture technology
The first item of technology that showed animated pictures or movies was
called the ‘zoopraxiscope’. This was invented in 1867 by a man named
William Lincoln. This machine worked by watching through a slit in the
zoopraxiscope.
However modern picture’s were made through the invention of the motion
picture camera. The man who is credited to have made this is Louis
Lumiere. He invented a portable motion camera called ‘cinematography’

4. Cinematography
Cinematography was invented by the lumiere
brothers. This made motion pictures very
popular and appears to be the start of the
motion picture era. In 1895 the lumiere brothers
were the first to present projected moving film
to a paid audience which was more than one
person. They made their first film in 1895 which
was called Sortie de l'usine Lumière de Lyon.
This film was publicly screened at L’Eden. This
was the worlds first and oldest cinema.

5. Eadweard Muybridge
Eadweard Muybridge invented a fast camera
shutter and other techniques to create the first
moving photographs. In 1879 Eadweard
Muybridge developed the ‘zoopraxiscope’
which showed a series of movement pictures
through multiple camera’s.
But his most famous motion studies was where a
row of cameras capturing over a dozen
photographs of a horse passing by. This was
evidence that a horse can be galloping and
have all 4 hooves off the ground. For this
experiment Muybridge used a fast camera
shutter and used a new photographic process,
both of which reduced exposure time and
produced sharp images of moving objects.
Birth name: Edward James Muggeridge
Born: 9th April 1830
(Kingston upon Thames England)
Died: 8th May 1904 (aged 74)
Nationality: British
Field: Professional photograph which
mainly occurred in America.

6. The first color film
The first color film was invented in 1918. This film was called Cupid Angling
and even though this film was in color it was in fact in silence.
Produced by Douglass National Color Film
Company
Written Leon Douglass
Starring Ruth Roland, Albert Morrison
Distributed by W.W Hodkinson
Release date(s) September 9, 1918
Country US
Language- silent

7. Thomas Edison
Inventor Thomas Edison influenced modern life through
inventions such as the incandescent light bulb, the
phonograph, and the motion picture camera. In 1891, the
Edison company successfully demonstrated the
Kinetoscope, which enabled one person at a time to view
moving pictures. Later in 1896, Edison showed his improved
vitascope projector which was one of the most successful
projectors in the US..

8. The first film with sound
Most people consider that sound movies were not invented until 1928 with
the release of Warner's 'The Jazz Singer'. It is true that this was the first film
using sound, but we must go back to the invention of the cinematograph
to realize that experiments were being carried out using sound as well as
picture from the very beginning.
Edison wrote in one of his papers " In the year 1887, the idea occurred to
me that it would be possible to devise an instrument which should do for
the eye what the phonograph does for the ear, and that by a combination
of the two all sound and motion could be recorded and reproduced
simultaneously".
Edison's phonograph was the first to be able to reproduce the recorded
sound.

9. The history of horror

10. Definition of horror
The definition of horror is that it is an intense feeling of fear, shock or disgust
A thing causing such a feeling for example intense dismay
Informal a bad or mischievous person, especially a child. — Latin from
horrere ‘shudder, (of hair) stand on end’.

11. Silent horror films
The very first horror film created was created by the Lumière brothers in
1895. This clip was of a dancing skeleton. However this clip wasn’t classed
under the genre horror. This term wasn’t used until the 1930’s. This first film
was classed under ‘spooky tales’.

12. 1900’S
In the 1900’s the first horror featured film was created by the German film
makers. The director of this film was Paul Wegener the film he produced
was a Old Jewish folk tale called ‘Der golem’. This was in 1913 but then recreated in 1920 to gain more success and improvement. This film is a silent
horror film. This film features several murders and creatures that come alive
that aren't existing in real life. This film was the first horror film that was
labeled ‘the first monster movie’.

13. 1930’S
Horror began to use sound in the 1930’s. In the 1920’s horror was of silently
floating ghosts that caused terror. However when sound was added this
allowed film companies to use mortal monsters. As well as music to build
suspense or sound effects that echoed or footsteps creaking down a
corridor.
Horror was thought of as an escape for audiences as it removed the stress
of the ‘Great Depression’ and made them focus on the fright that raised
there adrenaline.
Directors such as ‘Todd browning’ found it challenging to produce scenes
that included talking pictures as it was very different to silent movies.
Examples of horror films made were ‘Dracula’ directed by Todd Browning

14. 1940’s
In the 1940’s because the world war was in action horror movies were using
the roots of what was happening in the world and using this to produce
films.
Films that were being made were The wolf man, Were wolf of London and
Cat people.
Films like these were being produced because of Hitler’s name Adolf
meant ‘noble wolf’ therefore as Hitler was someone majorly highlighted in
this time. The films were plotting story lines around this history.

15. 1950’S
The change between 1940- 1950 was immense because of the ww2 ending
which left over 40 million people dead. This affected the story lines of the
horror films.
Films made in the 1950’s were:
Creature Features
Mutant madness
The wasp Women
Houses on haunted hills

16. 1960’s
The beat generation, Kennedy, Cuba, Vietnam and the sexual revolution.
These events changed what the public thought of as horrible. The films
were releasing on screen nudity and violence increasing.
Films made in the 1960’s were
Psycho (1960)
Night of the living dead (1967)

17. 1970’s
Horror movies of the 1970’s reflected the grim mood of the decade.
Society was hitting a disappointment through the the Beatles split, Janis
and Jimi died, and in many senses it was downhill all the way from there:
Nixon, Nam, oil strikes, glam rock, feather haircuts, medallions. How ever
when society turns bad the horror industry becomes great.
Films that were made in the 1970’s were
The Exorcists (1973)
Alice sweet Alice (1976)

18. 1980’s
Horror films in the 1980’s was when the special effects caught up with the
gory images and production of the films became real to the viewers.
The shining (1980)
The thing (1982)
A night mare on elm street

19. 1990’s
By the end of the 1980s horror had become so reliant on gore and buckets
of liquid latex that it seemed to have lost its power to do anything more
than shock and then amuse.
Scream (1996)
Jacobs ladder
Sev7n (1995)

20. 2000’s
Horror movies in the late 1990s predicted things for the turn of the century.
Whilst January 1st, 2000 came, many commentators have identified the
true beginning of the 21st century as September 11th, 2001. The events of
that day changed global opinions of what is frightening, and set the
cultural for the following years. The film industry, already facing a recession,
felt very hard hit as film-makers struggled to come to terms with what was
now acceptable to the viewing public.
Final Destination
28 days later (2002)