THE RISE OF NATIONALISM IN EUROPE FROM CLASS 10 HISTORY..

2. VISUALISING THE NATION
 Artists in the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries portrayed nations as if it were a
person.
 Nations were represented as female
figures.

3. WHAT IS ALLEGORY?
 The representation of abstract ideas or
principles by characters, figures, or events in
narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form is known
as ALLEGORY.

4. 
France was portrayed as CHRISTENED
MARIANNE, which was a popular
Christian name.

Christened Marianne underlined the
idea of peoples’ nation.

5. Marianne
represented Liberty
and the Republic by
the cap and the
cockade..

6. Marianne images were marked
on coins and stamps.

7. Similarly , Germania became the allegory of
the German nation.

8. Meanings of symbols

Broken chains – being freed

9. Breastplate with
eagle – symbol of
German empire strength

10. Crown of oak leaves - Heroism

11. Sword- readiness to fight

12. Black , red and
gold tricolour –
flag of the
liberal
nationalists in
1848

13. Olive branch around the swordwillingness to make peace

14. Rays of the
rising sun –
Beginning of a
new era

15. NATIONALISM AND
IMPERIALISM
By the last quarter of nineteenth century
nationalist groups became increasingly
intolerant of each other and ever ready to go to
war.

Nationalism no longer retained its idealistic
liberal democratic sentiment.

16. Balkans The most serious source of nationalist tension in
Europe after 1871 was the Balkans.
 A large part of the Balkans was under the
control of the Ottoman empire.

17. The Balkans comprised of

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ROMANIA
BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA
BULGARIA
ALBANIA
GREECE
MACEDONIA
CROATIA
SOLVENIA
SERBIA
MONTENEGRO

18. BALKANS

19. 
One by one , European nationalities
broke away from its control and declared
independence.
o
The Balkan people based their claims
for independence or political rights on
nationality and used history to prove that
they had once been independent but
had been subjugated by foreign powers.

20. Hence the rebellion nationalities in the
Balkans thought of their struggles as
attempts to win back their long-lost
independence.

21.  The Balkan states were jealous of each other
and hoped to gain more territory at the expense
of others.
 During this period, there was intense rivalry
among the European powers over trade and
colonies as well as naval and military might.

22. 
Russia , Germany , England, AustroHungary were keen on countering the
hold of other powers over Balkans and
extending its own control over that area.

This led to a series of wars in the region
and finally the First World War.

23. Many countries in world which had been
colonised by the European powers in
the 19th century began to oppose
imperial domination.
European ideas of nationalism were
nowhere replicated , for people
everywhere developed their own specific
variety of nationalism.

24. THANK YOU…