The document provides background information on the sides in the American Civil War. The North had a larger population and more industrial and economic capabilities compared to the South, which relied more heavily on agriculture and slave labor. New technologies like railroads, rifles, and farming equipment influenced how the war was fought and gave advantages to both sides. The war resulted in immense suffering and changed how battles were reported to the public. The question of emancipating slaves added complexity, as Lincoln weighed military and political factors.

1. Chapter 13
The Civil War

2. Essential Question………
 How would the
United States
have changed if
the Confederacy
had won the
war??

3. Sides compared
North/Union - South/Confederacy

4. Sides compared
North/Union - South/Confederacy
Population:
 North: 20 million people
 South: 9 million people -
including 3.6 million slaves.

5. Sides compared
North/Union - South/Confederacy
Railroads:
 North: 22,000 miles of railroad track.
 South: 9,000 miles of railroad track.

6. Railroads
 Attacking armies had to carry
enormous supplies of ammunition,
food and bandages.
 The railroad, which had never been
used much in war before, was now an
important factor.

7. Sides compared
North/Union - South/Confederacy
 The North had more
factories, factory
workers, more money, more
banks, more bank credit, more
ships, more locomotives, more
steel and iron, more farm
machinery, and more firearms.

8. Sides compared
North/Union - South/Confederacy
 North: Grew a variety of crops.
 South: Grew only a few staple crops -
tobacco, cotton and rice- which it had to
import in order to obtain all the things it
lacked.
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9. Sides compared
North/Union - South/Confederacy
 North:relied on labor saving
devices like the reaper, for
farming - freeing up men for the
army.
 South: relied on slave labor -
which could turn on the south at
anytime.

10. The Reaper

12. The Rifle

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14. •The rifle was called so
The Rifle because the inside of the
barrel was rifled - or cut with
spiral grooves.
• When the bullet was pushed
out of the barrel, it was
released spinning.
•This gave it a longer
range(500 yards instead of
50 yards)and more accurate
aim.

15. Digging in!
 The style of war was changing.
 With more accurate long-range
rifles, the defenders sat protected
behind battlements in well
supplied positions.
 Armies could no longer confront
each other in solid ranks.

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19. The “war of exhaustion”

20. The “war of exhaustion”
 This new kind of
was a war of
exhaustion.
 Enemy supplies
had to be cut off by
railroads, as well as
water.

21. The “war of exhaustion”
 The North had to capture or blockade
the southern ports and coasts in order
to stop supplies from being delivery to
the South.

22. “Conda” - pg. 336

24. Everybody’s War
 In both the North and the South nearly
every family lost a soldier.
 For the first time in history, the battle
were thoroughly covered by
newspaper correspondents.
 They telegraphed back eyewitness
accounts so that civilians could read
about the horror the next morning.

25. Women at War
 Dorothea Dix, on June 10, 1861, was
appointed the first Superintendent of
Women Nurses.
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26. Women at War
 Clara Barton, in 1877, founded and
became president of the American Red
Cross.
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27. The Border States

28. The Border States
 When the war began, Lincoln was not
even sure who was on his side or
whether Washington D.C. could even
be held.
 It was surrounded on three sides by
Maryland, a slave state.
 If Maryland was to succeed,
Washington D.C. would be lost.

29. The Border States
 Lincoln imposed martial law in
Maryland in order to control
it, suppressing
newspapers, arresting civilians
and even refusing to let them
appear before civilian judges.
 This is called suspending the writ
of habeas corpus.

30. The Question of Emancipation.

31. The Question of Emancipation.
 At the beginning of the
war, in order to keep in
the Union the border
slaves states -
Delaware, Maryland, K
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Lincoln refused to
emancipate the
slaves.

32. The Question of Emancipation.
 When (Union)General
Fremont, commander of the Western
Department, on August 30, 1861, freed the
slaves of rebels in Missouri, Lincoln
stepped in firmly and overruled him.

33. The Question of Emancipation.
 As much as
Lincoln, would of
like to free the
slaves, his first job
was to save the
Union.